Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0017636 (
glioblastoma
)
18,345
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Posttraumatic stress disorder
(
PTSD
) gains a lot of attention due to high prevalence and strong psychological upset, but the etiology remains undefined and effective treatment is quite limited. Growing studies demonstrated the involvement of oxidative stress in various psychiatry diseases, suggesting anti-oxidation therapy might be a strategy for
PTSD
treatment. Free and Easy Wanderer (FAEW) is a poly-herbal drug clinically used in China for hundreds of years in the treatment of psychiatric disorder. We hypothesized that FAEW exerts clinical effects through the activity against oxidative stress with fluoxetine as antidepressant control drug. Our results revealed that FAEW significantly reduced both endogenous and H
2
O
2
-induced exogenous ROS levels in the human
glioblastoma
T98G and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines. Transcriptome-wide microarray analysis indicated NRF2/HO-1 as the common target of FAEW and fluoxetine. Western blotting assay proved that the two drugs promoted NRF2 release from KEAP1 in the cytoplasm and translocation to the nuclei in a KEAP1-dependent manner, the expression of the protein HO-1 increased accordingly, suggesting the participation of KEAP1-NRF2/HO-1 pathway. The chemical constituents of FAEW (i.e. paeoniflorin, baicalin) bound to KEAP1 in silico, which hence might be the effective substances of FAEW. In conclusion, FAEW counteracted H
2
O
2
-induced oxidative stress through KEAP1-NRF2/HO-1 pathway.
...
PMID:The Chinese herbal formula Free and Easy Wanderer ameliorates oxidative stress through KEAP1-NRF2/HO-1 pathway. 2891 23
The global prevalence of neurologic disorders is rising, and yet we are still unable to deliver most drug molecules, in therapeutic quantities, to the brain. The blood brain barrier consists of a tight layer of endothelial cells surrounded by astrocyte foot processes, and these anatomic features constitute a significant barrier to drug transport from the blood to the brain. One way to bypass the blood brain barrier and thus treat diseases of the brain is to use the nasal route of administration and deposit drugs at the olfactory region of the nares, from where they travel to the brain via mechanisms that are still not clearly understood, with travel across nerve fibers and travel via a perivascular pathway both being hypothesized. The nose-to-brain route has been demonstrated repeatedly in preclinical models, with both solution and particulate formulations. The nose-to-brain route has also been demonstrated in human studies with solution and particle formulations. The entry of device manufacturers into the arena will enable the benefits of this delivery route to become translated into approved products. The key factors that determine the efficacy of delivery via this route include the following: delivery to the olfactory area of the nares as opposed to the respiratory region, a longer retention time at the nasal mucosal surface, penetration enhancement of the active through the nasal epithelia, and a reduction in drug metabolism in the nasal cavity. Indications where nose-to-brain products are likely to emerge first include the following: neurodegeneration,
post-traumatic stress disorder
, pain, and
glioblastoma
.
...
PMID:Nose-to-Brain Delivery. 3112 78
