Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017636 (glioblastoma)
 18,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The macrophage-electrophoretic-mobility (MEM) tests of Field and Caspary demonstrates the macrophage-slowing factor (MSF) produced by specifically sentised blood lymphocytes after incubation with the homologous antigen. Besides other diseases with a cellular immune reaction like multiple sclerosis malignant tumours show a reduction of the macrophage mobility in the cell electrophoresis. A significant inhibition in the MEM- test was found in 30 out of 33 tumours of the CNS. Glioblastomas, astrocytomas, spongioblastomas, ependymomas, neurinomas, meningiomas, and a myxofibroma showed a positive result (more than 10% inhibition). The results in ectodermal tumours (pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma) differed; secondary brain tumours showed the greatest inhibition.
 ...
PMID:[Use of the macrophage-electrophoretic-mobility test in the diagnosis of tumours of the central nervous system (author's transl)]. 16 24

The first two instances of mixed sarcoma-glioblastoma with a history of therapeutic irradiation to the head are reported, both occurring within one year of radiation therapy (for pituitary adenoma and residual meningioma). Two novel variants of mixed sarcomas of brain with extreme tumor metaplasia (fibromyxoosteochondrosarcoma and fibrochondroosteosarcoma-glioblastoma multiforme) are documented, and some of the problems concerning the origin of brain tumors with mixed population are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Mixed intracranial sarcomas: rare forms and a new association with previous radiation therapy. 21 26

The familial occurrence of brain tumors are exceedingly rare except in cases with phacomatosis. We encountered pituitary adenomas in two sisters of a family, so far presenting no evidence of multiple endocrine adenomatosis (MEA). Case 1, K. O. a 26-year-old woman was admitted to our Hospital on September 10, 1970 with visual acuity and field disturbance, irregular menstruation and acromegaly. Neurological examination: Her visual acuity was Vd 0.6 and Vs 0.3, visual field was bitemporal hemianopsia, and ther was papilledema bilaterally. She had left exophthalmos and left abducens palsy. Roentgenogram of the skull, brain scanning, cerebral angiogram, pneumoencephalogram suggested the presence of a pituitary tumor. On Sep. 17, 1970, through a left frontotemporal craniotomy the tumor was removed subtotally. The pathological diagnosis was pituitary adenoma (chromophobe). Case 2, M. T. a 31-year-old woman, sister of case 1, was admitted to the Hospital on September 19, 1973, with mild headache, left visual field disturbance and amenorrhea. She had a child, and a past history of pulmonary tbc. Neurological examination: Her visual acuity was Vd 1.2 and Vs 0.03, and visual field of the right eye was temporal lower quandrant anopsia. There was optic nerve atrophy in the left eye. Plain X-ray craniogram, brain scanning, cerebral angiogram and pheumoencephalogram suggested the presence of a pituitary tumor. On Sep. 28, 1973, a right frontal craniotomy was performed. The tumor tissue with capsule was removed subtotally. The pathological diagnosis was pituitary adenoma (mixed type). In the literatures about familial brain tumors with histological diagnosis, glioma and glioblastoma are common, meningioma is relatively rare. Pituitary adenoma with no evidence of MEA is exceedingly rare. The two sisters presented in this paper, have no evidence of hyperparathyroidism, pancreas adenoma and peptic ulcer. So, we consider, at present, these cases should not be field in MEA.
 ...
PMID:[Familial occurrence of pituitary adenoma (author's transl)]. 94 79

The immunohistochemical distribution of alpha and beta subunits of S-100 protein (S-100 alpha, S-100 beta, respectively) in 138 cases of human brain tumors was investigated by the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method. Brain tumors can be divided into four groups: group 1 [S-100 alpha (+) and/or S-100 beta (+)]; astrocytoma, glioblastoma, ependymoma, subependymoma, oligodendroglioma, choroid plexus papilloma, gangliocytoma, meningioma, chordoma, malignant melanoma. Group 2 [S-100 alpha (+) and S-100 beta (-)]; pineoblastoma, pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, rhabdomyosarcoma. Group 3 [S-100 alpha (-) and S-100 beta (+)]; acoustic Schwannoma. Group 4 [S-100 alpha (-) and S-100 beta (-)]; medulloblastoma malignant lymphoma, germinoma. The S-100 beta immunoreactivity pattern in brain tumors was similar to those obtained using conventional anti-S-100 protein sera. In the first group of brain tumors both the number of positively stained tumor cells and the staining intensity were generally greater for S-100 beta than for S-100 alpha with a few exceptions including one gemistocytic astrocytoma, one subependymoma, one malignant melanoma, and some cases of glioblastomas. As to the relationship between malignancy and S-100 protein in glioma, S-100 beta immunoreactivity decreased according to degree of malignancy, while that of S-100 alpha varied, suggesting a heterogeneity of tumor cells in glioblastomas. Immunostaining for S-100 alpha and S-100 beta might become a useful diagnostic procedure in brain tumors and may give us more detailed and precise data of S-100 protein in brain tumors.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical study on the distribution of alpha and beta subunits of S-100 protein in brain tumors. 188 40

Calcineurin is one of the calmodulin binding proteins and a Ca2+-dependent and calmodulin-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphatase. We used antisera to the calcineurin as a cell-type-specific marker in order to identify neuronal cells in the rat brain and human neoplasms. In normal rat brain slices, basal ganglia were stained macroscopically, and other areas such as cerebral cortex, corpus callosum, cerebellar cortex, granular layer and pyramidal tract of the spinal cord were lightly identified as well. Under the light microscope, it was found that only the neuronal cells were stained, and astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells and vessels were not. Intracellular distribution of the staining showed various patterns and staining intensity of varying degree. Using the PAP method, localization of the calcineurin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were studied in 65 human intracranial neoplasms, and in 11 human extracranial neoplasms. The neuronal elements of neuroblastoma, ganglioglioma, ganglioneuroma and retinoblastoma were clearly stained. In contrast, glioblastoma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, meningioma, neurinoma, pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, hemangioblastoma, hamartoma, lymphoma and mesenchymal tumor were all negative. Two cases out of 5 medulloblastomas were stained, but others were not. Although positive tumors disclosed various staining patterns and intensities, these results indicated that calcineurin could be a new neuronal marker in human brain tumors.
 ...
PMID:Calcineurin as a neuronal marker of human brain tumors. 242 51

With the aid of flow cytometry (FCM), distribution of DNA content in 40 cases of brain tumour, primary culture cell, and secondary culture cell can be determined and chronological change after subculture is studied from the analysis of their cell cycle. In most primary cultures, proliferating index (PI) is likely to decrease, which suggests that environmental change might affect the growth activity. In comparison with that of the original sample, DNA-histogram of the secondary culture can be divided into the following 3 types: the type recovering to the original pattern ("adapting type"), in which astrocytoma, ependymoma, glioblastoma and medulloblastoma are included, 2) the type increasing more at G2 + M phase than the original ("proliferating type"), in which meningioma and some of glioblastoma are included, and 3) the type decreasing so far as to induce degeneration or death ("degenerating type"), in which pituitary adenoma and neurinoma are included. FCM is of great usefulness for the study of cell kinetics of a tumour cell undergoing culture and the present method will be available for the respective study of biological characteristics of the cultured cell, established cell line or sensitivity test for antineoplastic agents.
 ...
PMID:Flow cytometric study on cell kinetics of brain tumours and their cultured cells. 254 1

A total of 112 patients with the diagnosis of nonfunctional pituitary adenoma received radiation therapy at the University of Pittsburgh between 1964 and 1987. Postoperative radiation therapy was administered in 87 patients. Actuarial progression-free survival (tumor control) at 5, 10, 15, and 20 years was 97%, 89%, 87%, and 76%, respectively. Radiation prescribed to the 95% isodose ranged from 35.72 Gy to 62.32 Gy. Multivariate analysis showed decreased tumor control to be significantly associated with increasing field size (P = .036). No improvement in tumor control could be detected with increasing total radiation dose or nominal standard dose (NSD). One patient developed optic neuropathy and another developed a glioblastoma after doses in both patients of 4750 cGy in 25 fractions. External beam radiotherapy for nonfunctional pituitary adenomas was found to be effective and safe when doses less than 4750 cGy in 25 fractions were used.
 ...
PMID:Radiotherapy of nonfunctional adenomas of the pituitary gland. Results with long-term follow-up. 254 87

Eleven patients with intracranial tumors were investigated with MR imaging at different dose levels of gadolinium-DTPA to determine a safe and effective dose for imaging intracranial tumors. The patients were divided into two groups. Baseline spin-echo images were obtained with a repetition time of 800 msec and an echo time of 35 msec, and a total of 0.1 mmol of gadolinium-DTPA/kg (six patients) or 0.2 mmol gadolinium-DTPA/kg (five patients) was injected according to a fractionated incremental dose regime (0.025, 0.025, and 0.05 mmol/kg and 0.05, 0.05, and 0.1 mmol/kg, respectively). Postcontrast MR was performed after each injection. In group 1 the best visualization was achieved after the third injection in four cases. In one glioblastoma and in a pituitary adenoma tumor margins were well defined at lower dose levels. In group 2, with five patients, the total dose of 0.2 mmol of gadolinium-DTPA/kg (0.05, 0.05, and 0.1) significantly improved tumor visualization after the third injection in only one patient with multiple metastases. No short-term side effects were encountered. In a range of parameters measured in both serum and whole blood, slight transient elevation of serum iron levels was the only appreciable change. As a result of our investigation we conclude that 0.1 mmol of gadolinium-DTPA/kg is a safe and suitable dose for brain-tumor imaging. In selected cases of 0.2 mmol/kg may increase the diagnostic yield.
 ...
PMID:Dose administration of gadolinium-DTPA in MR imaging of intracranial tumors. 282 88

We studied two autopsy cases of primary pituitary carcinoma. Case-1. A 45 year old female was admitted on Oct. 4 1978, with a complaint of right homonymous hemianopsia. And diagnosis was pituitary adenoma. Partial removal of pituitary tumor was performed on Oct. 23 1978. She died on Dec. 5 1978 due to bleeding of gastrointestinal tract. Autopsy disclosed a pituitary carcinoma invading the left hypothalamus, mamillary body, optic and V cranial nerves, and mid brain as well as sphenoid bone. No extracranial metastasis was noted. Case-2. A 44 year old female with a history of acromegaly for 6 years was admitted with a complaint of headache on May 8 1976. She was diagnosed as having pituitary adenoma. The subtotal removal of pituitary tumor was performed on May 21 1976 and followed by 4500 rad irradiation. At this time, pathological diagnosis was eosinophilic adenoma. Seven years later, she complained of progressive right hearing disturbance, dysarthria and ataxic gait 1983. The second subtotal removal of pituitary tumor was performed with a diagnosis of recurrence of pituitary adenoma on Oct. 7 1983. After the operation, she complicated sepsis and died on Jan. 14 1984. An autopsy disclosed a pituitary carcinoma from residual pituitary gland, continuously extending to the subarachnoid space of the pons, and invading right cerebello-pontine angle and cerebellum. The histological examination revealed pituitary carcinoma with high pleomorphism and glioblastoma multiform-like feature were within the tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Two autopsy cases of primary pituitary carcinoma]. 341 67

Sixty-five patients underwent craniotomy for brain tumors; of these 35 had glioblastoma multiforme (GM). The GM cases, as a group, showed significantly higher serum titers for herpesvirus type 1 (HSV-1) neutralizing antibodies (NT) than the non-glioblastoma cases. Both the GM group and the pituitary adenoma group had high levels of HSV-1 serum antibodies with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These data, combined with other evidence, lead us to speculate that HSV-1 infections may be associated with certain brain tumors in humans. However, coincidental causes for these elevated HSV-1 titers must be ruled out.
 ...
PMID:Herpesvirus type 1 serum antibodies and brain tumors in humans. 632 61


1 2 3 4 Next >>