Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017636 (glioblastoma)
 18,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Activities of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase in brain tumors were measured and their relationship to a clinical course of the patients was investigated. Pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase is said to exist more quantitatively in malignant tumors such as Sarcoma 180, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Walker 256, and hepatoma, and very little in normal tissues. In brain tumors the activities were measured by bioassay and compared to that of Sarcoma 180. When the activity of Sarcoma 180 was expressed to be 100%, those of brain tumors were as follows: ten cases of normal brain less than 8.5; six cases of glioblastoma 39.3 +/- 30.7; five cases of astrocytoma 22.0 +/- 13.8; five cases of meningioma 22.4 +/- 13.7; two cases of oligodendroglioma 8.1 and 11.3; two cases of sarcoma 94.3 and 145.4; chordoma 48.0; ependymoblastoma 3.7; plexus papilloma 22.5; parotid cancer 43.4; ten cases of metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer 61.5 +/- 41.6; two cases from breast cancer 28.0 and 68.8; that from thyroid cancer 10.0; that from gastric cancer 13.5; malignant melanoma 77.2. In 12 cases of gliomas (glioblastoma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma) the mean activity was highest in glioblastoma (39.3), followed by astrocytoma (22.0) and oligodendroglioma (9.7). The postoperative survival time became shorter in gliomas with the higher activities. In metastatic brain tumors from lung, breast, and gastric cancer, the average time from the diagnosis of primary cancer to brain metastasis was shorter in cases with high activities and longer in cases with low activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Activities of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase in brain tumors and antitumor effect of 5'-DFUR]. 622 41

The presence of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA) was tested in biopsy or autopsy specimens of 207 human central tumors. Samples were fixed, paraffin-embedded and GFA was detected using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technic. The first part of this study dealt mainly with glioblastomas (36 cases) and astrocytomas (87 cases). Tumors were classified in three categories according to their histological grade: 24 astrocytomas grade I and II, 63 astrocytomas grade III and IV and 36 glioblastomas (grade IV). For each of these tumors GFA positive cells were counted in 5 different fields using objectives of 2,5, 10 and 25. The results were as follows: less than 50% GFA positive cells were found in 22 out of 24 low grade astrocytomas, 49 out of 63 high grade astrocytomas and 32 out of 36 glioblastomas. Conversely, over 50% GFA positivity was found in 2 benign astrocytomas, 14 malignant astrocytomas and 4 glioblastomas. In 3 high grade tumors (2 astrocytomas, 1 glioblastoma) GFA positivity was found to be over 75%. Of the 17 ependymomas, 14 were GFA positive; however, no correlation could be established between the degree of GFA positivity and histological grade. The three papillomas of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles found in children were GFA negative. In adults, a GFA positive focus of ependymal differentiation was found in a papilloma of the choroid plexus in the posterior cerebral fossa.
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PMID:[Glial fibrillary acidic protein and central nervous tumors. Immunohistochemical study of a series of 207 cases. 1: Astrocytomas. Glioblastomas. Ependymomas. Papillomas of the choroid plexus]. 630 24

Among the 54946 post-mortem examinations carried out by the Pathological Institute of the Medical Academy of Erfurt in the years 1953 to 1976 with a total of 1491 DNS-tumours (2.7%), the temporal lobe was involved in the following 10 types of tumours: glioblastoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, plexus papilloma, tumour-like gliosis, sarcoma, angioma and angioblastoma, epidermoid tumour, teratoma. Only tumours that had formed in the cerebral tissue proper were evaluated, so that meningiomas and other tumours of the meninges or tumours of the meninges in the middle cranial fossa were left out of consideration. In a total of 949 cases of the above mentioned 10 tumours types, the temporal lobe was involved in 327 (34.5%) cases; these were mainly astrocytomas and glioblastomas (86.5%). Only 63 of the 327 tumours (19.3%) were exclusively located in the temporal lobe. The age peak of the occurrence of temporal lobe tumours was in the 6th decennium. The male showed with 55.4 per cent a slightly greater incidence. CLinically, the left-sided temporal lobe tumours with 79 per cent of the observations were found more frequently than the right-sided ones (67%). Accordingly, left-sided tumours were operated on more frequently (49%) than tumours on the right-hand side (40%).
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PMID:[Localization of brain tumors in autopsy. Part I: Tumors of the temporal lobe]. 734 Mar 11

In 1955, Collins made the observation that tumor recurrence in children with Wilms' tumor was correlated with the child's age plus 9 months. This concept of a period of risk for recurrence was later applied to a variety of tumors in children and became known as Collins' Law (CL). The law has been a successful predictor of survival for some children with neural tumors within the central nervous system and a poor predictor for others. We tested Collins' concept of a period of risk for recurrence and extended it to survival for 14 childhood neural tumors described in the Childhood Brain Tumor Consortium (CBTC) database. The CBTC data describe clinical, surgical, and histological details (over a 49-year period in 10 institutions) from 3921 patients under the age of 21 years at the time of their first surgical procedure for a brain tumor. CL was considered to be a good predictor of survival if fewer than 10% of patients who die survive beyond the expiration of the period of risk for that child. We found that CL applied to tumors such as anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, pineoblastoma, medulloblastoma or "primitive neuroectodermal tumor," teratoma, and germinoma, as well as ependymoma, papilloma, and tumors that could not be classified; it had no predictive value in craniopharyngioma, oligodendroglioma, or plain, fibrillary, pilocytic, or protoplasmic astrocytoma. We had sufficient follow-up data to determine adherence to CL when the child's age at diagnosis was less than 8 years; it is likely that CL applies to older children with these tumors, but we did not have the data to show this unequivocally.
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PMID:The applicability of Collins' Law to childhood brain tumors and its usefulness as a predictor of survival. 764 86

Our objective was to review current literature pertaining to prenatal ultrasonography of various fetal intracranial neoplastic and non-neoplastic tumors. To this goal, all manuscripts published in the English language regarding this topic obtained from a MEDLINE search from 1966 through January 1998 were selected and reviewed. Additional sources were identified through cross-referencing. Intracranial fetal tumors are extremely rare and precise diagnosis is dependent on histology examination of tissue obtained at subsequent surgery or autopsy. Currently, prenatal ultrasonographic findings associated with the following fetal intracranial tumors have been described: teratomas; neuroepithelial tumors including: glioblastoma, astrocytoma, gangliocytoma, medulloblastoma, choroid plexus, and papilloma; and mesenchymal tumors. Non-neoplastic fetal intracranial tumors are even less frequent and include: unilateral megalencephaly, heterotopia, and lipoma of the corpus callosum. Cardinal ultrasonographic findings associated with fetal intracranial tumors include: echogenic and semicystic space occupying lesions with or without distortion of normal symmetrical intracranial (usually midline) structures, calcifications, craniomegaly, polyhydramnios, obstructive hydrocephaly, high-output cardiac failure (hydrops fetalis), the presence of other associated structural anomalies, and infrequently abnormal cerebral Doppler flow velocimetry.
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PMID:Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal intracranial tumors: a review. 964 39