Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017636 (glioblastoma)
 18,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 68-year-old male was hospitalized because of headache, nausea, and disturbance of consciousness. Neurological examination on admission disclosed somnolence, disorientation, marked neck stiffness, papilledema, and quadriparesis. Computed tomography (CT) scanning demonstrated a round mass with marked contrast enhancement in the right sylvian fissure and small contrast-enhanced masses in the interpeduncular, quadrigeminal and ambient cisterns. CT also showed marked peritumoral edema, a midline shift, and hydrocephalus. The patient's consciousness level and respiration deteriorated 3 days after admission and a craniotomy was performed. The tumor, which was well demarcated, firmly attached to the sphenoidal ridge, and grossly appeared to be a meningioma, was totally removed. Histologically, the tumor had two well defined components, glioblastoma and fibrosarcoma. The patient underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy after surgery, but the primary tumor soon recurred, with scalp metastasis, and he died 5 months postoperatively. Autopsy revealed metastases to the liver, spleen, and spinal cord. The histogenesis of this mixed tumor and the mechanism of extracranial metastasis are discussed, and the literature is reviewed.
 ...
PMID:[Gliosarcoma with multiple extracranial metastases. Case report]. 248 46

With the aid of flow cytometry (FCM), distribution of DNA content in 40 cases of brain tumour, primary culture cell, and secondary culture cell can be determined and chronological change after subculture is studied from the analysis of their cell cycle. In most primary cultures, proliferating index (PI) is likely to decrease, which suggests that environmental change might affect the growth activity. In comparison with that of the original sample, DNA-histogram of the secondary culture can be divided into the following 3 types: the type recovering to the original pattern ("adapting type"), in which astrocytoma, ependymoma, glioblastoma and medulloblastoma are included, 2) the type increasing more at G2 + M phase than the original ("proliferating type"), in which meningioma and some of glioblastoma are included, and 3) the type decreasing so far as to induce degeneration or death ("degenerating type"), in which pituitary adenoma and neurinoma are included. FCM is of great usefulness for the study of cell kinetics of a tumour cell undergoing culture and the present method will be available for the respective study of biological characteristics of the cultured cell, established cell line or sensitivity test for antineoplastic agents.
 ...
PMID:Flow cytometric study on cell kinetics of brain tumours and their cultured cells. 254 1

We have measured insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) binding in human gliomas, meningiomas, and normal brain and studied the effect of insulin on the morphology, proliferation, and differentiation of central nervous system tumor and normal fetal cells in culture. Specific 125I-insulin and 125I-IGF-I binding was demonstrated by competition-inhibition binding assays. Insulin binding was measured in plasma membrane preparations from 9 freshly isolated human meningiomas, 4 glioblastomas multiforme (GBMs), a low-grade glioma, a normal adult brain, and a fetal brain. IGF-I binding was measured in similar preparations from 5 meningiomas, 4 GBMs, a low-grade glioma, and a normal adult brain. Incubations were carried out at 4 degrees C for 18 to 20 hours. Meningiomas showed higher specific insulin binding per 0.25 mg of protein than GBMs (19% versus 3%, P less than 0.005), and this difference was not related to small differences observed in insulin degradation. By contrast, IGF-I binding was significantly higher in gliomas than in meningiomas (27% versus 12%, P less than 0.05). Also, IGF-I binding was significantly higher than insulin binding in GBMs (27% versus 3%, P less than 0.03); binding of both IGF and insulin was high in meningiomas. In normal adult brain IGF-I and insulin binding was 7 to 10%. The ability of insulin to support and enhance the growth of central nervous system tumor cells in culture was investigated. Cell cultures were derived from a freshly isolated glioblastoma, a low-grade glioma, and 3 meningiomas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Insulin and insulin-like growth factor I in brain tumors: binding and in vitro effects. 254 92

Information on pre-morbid height and weight from a national screening of tuberculosis between 1963 and 1975 was linked with the registrations in the population-based Norwegian Cancer Registry. For each case with a primary central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm, 10 matched controls were taken from the non-cases. Analyses were done by a Cox regression model for the total group of CNS neoplasms and the various histological groups. In the case of the total group, height emerged as a significant risk factor for both sexes. Within each sex, a similar trend was found for each histological group although statistical significance was retained only for glioblastoma among males and for other types of glioma (astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, mixed glioma and ependymoma) for females. A significant negative association was revealed between Quetelet's index (weight/height squared) and 'other gliomas' in females. No association with body mass, as expressed by Quetelet's index, was found for patients with meningioma.
 ...
PMID:Pre-morbid height and weight as risk factors for development of central nervous system neoplasms. 258 97

A 46-year-old female was transported to our clinic 4 hours after the onset of sudden headache and transient loss of consciousness. On admission, she was drowsy with slight left hemiparesis and anisocoria (left greater than right). The CT scan revealed a right subdural neurological deficit one month after the operation. the operation, we found that the hematoma was derived from a small meningioma attached to the dura at the middle temporal fossa. The meningioma was 1.5 cm in diameter. The patient was discharged without neurological deficit one month after the operation. Although glioblastoma and metastatic brain tumor are most common, meningioma is rare as a cause of intracranial bleeding. Among 69 cases of meningioma with intracranial bleeding reported previously, only 4 cases were accompanied with acute subdural hematoma.
 ...
PMID:[A case of small meningioma with acute subdural hematoma]. 268 40

Using immunohistochemistry, well-preserved neuronal cell bodies and fibres containing neuropeptide Y, somatostatin, and cholecystokinin immunoreactivity have been identified in all seven supratentorial anaplastic astrocytomas studied. These neurones have been shown not only on the edge but also in the depth of the neoplastic tissue. These neuropeptides were not present in 18 other intracranial tumours (3 astrocytomas, 1 subependymoma, 8 glioblastoma multiformes, 1 meningioma, and 5 metastases). In all 25 intracranial tumours studied, no immunoreactivity was found for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P, methionine-enkephalin, leucine-enkephalin, synenkephalin, neurophysin I-II, and corticotropin releasing factor.
 ...
PMID:Neuropeptide Y, somatostatin, and cholecystokinin neurone preservation in anaplastic astrocytomas. 290 6

This article reviews current morbidity and mortality statistics for the major classes of primary brain tumors including malignant astrocytoma, glioblastoma, low-grade astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, meningioma, and other benign tumors and metastatic tumors. Innovations in therapy are discussed for surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and such newer areas as hyperthermia, immunotherapy, and phototherapy.
 ...
PMID:The morbidity and mortality of brain tumors. A perspective on recent advances in therapy. 299 25

In this article the authors deal with the morphology of primary tumors of the central nervous system and its coverings. The discussion includes astrocytoma variants/glioblastoma, ependymoma and its variants, subependymoma, choroid plexus papilloma and carcinoma, embryonal CNS tumors, neuronal neoplasms, meningioma, dural hemangiopericytoma (angioblastic mengioma), and hemangioblastoma.
 ...
PMID:Central nervous system tumors. 303 Jun 12

The immunoblotting technique was used to study the glycoproteins in human brain tumor samples including astrocytoma, glioblastoma, meningioma and oligodendroglioma, as well as in normal human brain. Glycoproteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, electrophoretically transferred to nitrocellulose membrane and characterized, using binding with 11 different lectins. Tumor-associated glycoproteins were found using the lectins peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin, Limulus polyhemus, Lotus tetragonolobus, Ricinus communis 1, (RCA-1) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). Their molecular masses ranged from 50 to 180 kDa. Several of them were common to the 3 types of tumors: astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and meningiomas. PNA, RCA-1 and WGA were the 3 most feasible lectins with regard to tumor specificity, simplicity and reproducibility.
 ...
PMID:Glycoprotein pattern in human brain tumors studied using lectin binding after sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis and protein blotting. 303 65

The proliferation rate of 40 intracranial neoplasms (30 gliomas, 1 hemangioblastoma, 3 meningiomas, 1 neurinoma and 5 brain metastases) was investigated using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67. In eleven of the gliomas recurrences could be observed, and two of them recurred for second time. In total the Ki-67 labelling indices of 53 specimens were investigated. The Ki-67 nuclear antigen was demonstrated in frozen sections by application of the appropriate monoclonal antibodies according to a modified alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique. The proliferation rate was evaluated by cell count calculation of the staining index. Ki-67-labelled glioma cells varied from 0.2 percent in one meningioma (WHO-grade I) to 9.1 percent in one glioblastoma. In ten glioma recurrences, higher Ki-67 staining indices could be observed than in their primaries, even when the histological grading did not change substantially. In a cerebellar hemangioblastoma, a trigeminal neurinoma and two endotheliomatous meningiomas the fraction of stained nuclei was less than one percent; however, one recurrent transitional meningioma without any histological sign of malignancy showed a staining index of 2.4 percent. The staining indices of five brain metastases of different malignancies ranged from 1.5 percent in a malignant melanoma to 6.1 percent in bronchial carcinoma. In the majority of the cases examined, the percentage of Ki-67 labelled cells was in accordance with the histologic grade of the neoplasm. In general, there was a direct relationship between the number of stained nuclei and the frequency of mitoses (mitotic index) evaluated in hematoxylin-eosin stained frozen sections. Interestingly, the frequency of mitosis and stained nuclei were higher in tumor recurrences than in the primaries. The results of this study imply that immunohistological labelling of the proliferating cell fraction should become an important additional criterion to predict the biological behaviour of human nervous system neoplasms.
 ...
PMID:Relationship between Ki-67 positive cells, growth rate and histological type of human intracranial tumors. 305 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>