Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017636 (glioblastoma)
 18,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fenestrae were found in freeze-fractured cisternae of the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum of glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, medulloblastoma, medulloepithelioma, meningioma, cerebellar sarcoma, hemangioblastoma, and chromophobe adenoma. They were about 200--400 A in diameter and often diffusely distributed or concentrated in groups in Golgi cisternae, while they were around 300--600 A in size and scattered in distribution in cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. They appeared as conical protrusions or circular broken-off necks of face A and as circular holes on face B in tangential fractures, and as several constrictions of cisternae in cross fractures.
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PMID:Fenestrae in golgi and endoplasmic reticulum cisternae of human brain tumours. 16 55

A patient with glioblastoma multiforme survived 18 years after diagnosis and underwent 20 operations for extracranial metastasis. An immunologic survey of the patient was made over a 1-year-period using in vitro tests of lymphocyte responsiveness and skin tests with control and tumor antigens isolated from autologous and allogenic brain cell membranes. Two tissue-associated soluble cell membrane antigens also present in normal white matter, and two tumor-associated antigens (TAA) produce cell-mediated immune responses in patients with brain tumors. One of these tumor-associated antigens predominates in meningioma cells. In addition some low molecular weight components appeared, which seemed to be unique for the glioblastoma cells from the long-surviving patient.
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PMID:Soluble membrane antigens of brain tumors. I. Controlled testing for cell-mediated immune responses in a long surviving glioblastoma multiforme patient. 19 38

A case of coincidental glioblastoma and meningioma in which the first manifestation were focal convulsive fits is reported. As the association of intracranial tumors is infrequent, their clinical ways of presentation and the theories on their origin are discussed, as well as the importance of the preoperative diagnosis for the surgical planning and prognosis.
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PMID:[Concomitant meningioma and glioblastoma. Report of a case]. 21 Jul 46

The first two instances of mixed sarcoma-glioblastoma with a history of therapeutic irradiation to the head are reported, both occurring within one year of radiation therapy (for pituitary adenoma and residual meningioma). Two novel variants of mixed sarcomas of brain with extreme tumor metaplasia (fibromyxoosteochondrosarcoma and fibrochondroosteosarcoma-glioblastoma multiforme) are documented, and some of the problems concerning the origin of brain tumors with mixed population are discussed.
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PMID:Mixed intracranial sarcomas: rare forms and a new association with previous radiation therapy. 21 26

In an autopsy series of 430 spontaneous intracerebral haematomas 44 cases, or 10.2 percent, were caused by a proved neoplasm, including 21 anaplastic gliomas, 17 metastases, 2 oligodendrogliomas, 2 malignant lymphomas, and one meningioma. These instances of massive bleeding into brain tumour represented 2.4 percent of about 1,800 primary and secondary cerebral neoplasms proved by necropsy. In only four of the patients with primary brain tumours (two glioblastomas, one oligodendroglioma invading the leptomeninges, and one primary malignant lymphoma), three of them with a history of arterial hypertension, were the presenting symptoms these of a spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage, and the tumour itself was not diagnosed until surgery or necropsy. One patient with acute haemorrhage into a glioblastoma of the basal ganglia showed a rapidly lethal course, while the others demonstrated one or more episodes before the onset of the acute fatal illness and a prolonged period from the time of the bleed until death. The clinical features and the pathogenesis of spontaneous haemorrhage into cerebral neoplasms are briefly reviewed.
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PMID:Primary brain tumour presenting as spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. 23 Jul 5

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA) was assayed in nerve-tumour extracts and located in these tumours by indirect immunofluorescence study. We conclude that GFA is a specific marker of both malignant and normal astrocytes. Non-astrocytic tumours (oligodendroglioma, meningioma) do not contain GFA. Tumours with astrocytic differentiation potential (medulloblastoma) may contain GFA. Comparison of microscopic and GFA assays leads us to conclude that GFA concentration is proportional to the amount of malignant astrocytes in the tumour and inversely proportional to the necrotic area of a tumour. Normal tissue GFA and glioblastoma GFA were found to be immunologically identical.
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PMID:Glial fibrillary acidic protein in tumours of the nervous system. 33 41

Early diagnosis of brain tumors may be facilitated by a microcytotoxicity assay which the authors have used to detect a humoral immune response against an allogeneic glioblastoma cell line. Sixty-seven of 82 serum samples (82%) from astrocytoma patients elicited significant cytotoxicity, while only six of 65 samples (9%) from normal blood-bank donors demonstrated a similar response. Positive results were more frequently obtained in lower-grade astrocytomas. Meningiomas, acoustic schwannomas, pituitary adenomas, and metastatic tumors were positive in variable numbers of cases. A small series of serum samples were platelet-absorbed to insure that cytotoxicity was not merely due to histocompatibility antigens, and seven of eight samples, when retested on the target cell line, remained significantly positive. The assays were performed under strictly monitored conditions that afforded optimum reliability and minimal experimental variability. As the specificity of this test increases, it may lead to early detection of astrocytomas.
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PMID:Cytotoxic antibody responses in astrocytoma patients. An improved allogeneic assay. 44 18

In order to establish the standard of administration of ACNU against brain tumors, pharmacokinetic analysis of ACNU in tumor tissue, cystic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid and blood was performed. The sample specimens were obtained sequentially after intravenous administration of 1--2 mg/kg/BW of ACNU and quantitatively analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography in 3 cases of glioblastoma and each one case of astrocytoma, meningioma and brain metastasis. Concentrations of ACNU in blood was calculated by two compartment open model and those in cystic fluid was calculated by one compartment model using BMDP-3R program. The half-time in blood was 2.6--4.1 min, and its distribution was very fast. The penetration of ACNU into the tumor tissue was sufficient, because the central compartment was 23% and the tissue compartment was 77%. The transmission rate constant into the cyst was 1.8 and the elimination rate constant was 0.96. The maximum concentration in the cystic fluid 42 min after intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg/BW of ACNU was 0.27--0. 35 mg/dl. In conclusion, 3--4 mg/kg/BW of ACNU should be injected intravenously at one time.
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetic analysis of ACNU in brain tumors (author's transl)]. 52 72

The composition of the free amino acid pools in various brain tumors and in normal brains obtained at surgery or at autopsy is determined with an automatic amino acid analyzer and the results statistically evaluated. The tumors have lower ratios of GABA in the pools than the normal brain; tumors with higher GABA ratios are found in those which are in close contact with and have an invasive nature to brain tissue. In gliomas, the more malignant a tumor becomes, the more different the composition in that tumor is from that in normal brain tissue. But conversely, the ratio of GABA is highest in glioblastoma. The composition of the pool in oligodendroglioma is not significantly different from that in the normal brain. Metastatic brain tumors show the highest ratios of phenylalanine, tyrosine and methionine in the pool among the tumors and the normal brain. From the viewpoint of the composition of the free amino acid pools, like from that of the histological aspects, brain tumors seem to be classified into four groups: glioma, neurinoma, meningioma and metastatic tumors.
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PMID:Composition of free amino acids in brain tumors. 54 90

Immunoelectrophoresis of extracts of 200 intracranial tumours against rabbit anti-glioblastoma serum gave positive results (= precipitation) in all cases of tumours of neuroectodermal origin such as glioblastoma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, neurinoma, and spongioblastoma. No immunoelectrophoretic precipitation was seen for any of the tumours of mesenchymal origin, for instance meningioma and metastases of cancer. On the basis of these findings, immunoelectrophoresis is considered to be a reliable method for differentiation between tumour tissue of neuroectodermal and non-neuroectodermal origin. Among the 41 posterior fossa tumours some unusual observations were made. Cerebellar angioblastoma (Lindau tumour) showed an atypically located precipitation line, which for the present is interpreted as an immunological reaction to vascular wall tissue. Furthermore, among the group of so-called medulloblastomas, two subgroups were distinguished on the basis of three parameters. The first of these subgroups comprises tumours whose immunoelectrophoretic pattern resembles that of gliomas, which are histologically characterized by neuroectodermal structures and which occur in younger children (5--10 years). The tumours of the second subgroup, which do not show this neuroectodermal immunoelectrophoretic pattern, have a sarcomatous character histologically, and occur in patients aged between 10 and 50 years. The view that medulloblastoma comprises a number of different types of tumour seems to be confirmed by this finding.
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PMID:Immunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of neuroectodermal and mesodermal intracranial tumours, especially those of the posterior fossa. 57 8


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