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Query: UMLS:C0017636 (glioblastoma)
 18,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

7 human multiform glioblastoma have been transplanted into the brain of 100 new born Mice. Electron microscopy and chromosome analysis confirm the growth of a human tumor showing malignant features of glioblastoma.
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PMID:[Heterotransplantation of human glioblastoma in the brain of newborn mice]. 19 59

We have recently reported that fetal BD IX-rat brain cells (FBC), transferred to long-term culture after a transplacental pulse of EtNU on the 18th day of gestation, undergo neoplastic transformation in vitro ("BT-cell lines"). Tumors developed upon s.c. reimplantation of BT-cells into baby BD IX-rats, appeared histologically as neurinoma-, glioma- or glioblastoma-like, and frequently as pleiomorphic neoplasms. In spite of a more atypic cellular morphology, these tumors grossly resembled the different types of neuroectodermal rat neoplasms induced by EtNU in vivo. Like the neoplastic cell culture lines derived from EtNU-induced, neuroectodermal BD IX-rat tumors ("V-cell lines"), the BT-lines contained multipolar glia-like cells, but also flat cells with fewer and shorter cytoplasmic processes, and occasionally giant cells. Both the V- and BT-lines showed different levels of aneuploidy. They contained multiple subpopulations of cells, as reflected, e.g., by plurimodal pulse-cytophotometric DNA distributions. All lines contained, to varying degrees, the nervous system-specific protein S-100, a "marker" not yet expressed in FBC. There was no indication of more than borderline neurotransmitter activity, suggesting that proliferating (precursor) cells of glial lineages may preferentially undergo malignant transformation after exposure to EtNU during this stage of brain development.
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PMID:Phenotypic properties of neoplastic cell lines developed from fetal rat brain cells in culture after exposure to ethylnitrosourea in vivo. 19 83

On the basis of a three stage grading system we report 23 stage one recurrent oligodendrogliomas (O 1), and 29 stage two recurrent oligodendrogliomas (O 2). In the O 1 group after the first interval 15 became O 2 and 2 became glioblastomas. Twenty tumours of the O 2 group after the first interval were not changed, three became oligodendroglioma-astrocytomas stage 2, and six became glioblastomas. The time relation for the recurrent phase in the primary O 1 group is calculated as 42 months, and in the primary O 2 group as 22 months, but this is without significance. For the development of malignancy, especially for the change to glioblastoma, a prominent participation by transformed local astrocytes seems to be essential. Postoperative irradiation most probably does not favour malignant change. A prolongation of the expectation of life by radiotherapy is not noticed.
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PMID:Supratentorial recurrences of gliomas. Morphological studies in relation to time intervals with oligodendrogliomas. 19 51

A series of 200 patients operated on at the Rome University Neurosurgical Clinic for primary glioblastoma is analyzed. Eight of these patients (4%) survived for over four years. The histological preparations showed more or less heavy perivascular lymphocytic infiltration in six of these cases. Since such infiltrations in malignant tumours of other organs are recognized as having an immune function, expressing the host's resistance to his tumour, the longer survival of the cases considered may well denote an immune defensive mechanism.
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PMID:Lymphocytic infiltration in long-survival glioblastomas: possible host's resistance. 19 52

The heterogeneity of brain tumours, especially in the glioblastoma group, makes biochemical characterization of pieces of the tumours hazardous even with extensive histological controls. This study employs a technique by which separate cell populations are subsequently isolated from the tumours by means of density gradient centrifugation. Cells isolated from glial brain tumours with low density sedimentation rates show the highest levels of glial cell characteristics, i.e. S-100 content and active uptake of the neurotransmitter GABA.
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PMID:Glial cell characteristics in bulk-prepared cell fractions from human brain tumours. 20 59

In 35 patients with deep-lying and medial gliomas (25 cases of glioblastoma multiforma, 10 cases of dedifferentiated astrocytoma), stereotactic cryodestructions were performed after preceding biopsies. Diagnosis was made in the usual manner, mainly by means of angiography. Sites of action were the tumour mass proper and the blood supply zones. In some cases, partial removal of the tumour was carried out in the usual way before or after cryodestruction. There are 3 kinds of further development after cryodestruction: regression, slow progression and rapid progression. Progression was found in 14 patients; 9 patients died within 2 weeks after the operation. In their cases, cryodestruction was by far insufficient. Dedifferentiated astrocytomas showed more a regressive behaviour than multiform glioblastomas. The possibility of local chemotherapy was also utilised.
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PMID:[Cryosurgical treatment of malignant tumors in the cerebral hemispheres]. 20 32

A giant-cell glioblastoma was examined by electron microscopy and by the freeze-fracture technique. The cell membranes bordering the extensive extracellular space often showed complicated undulations and peripheral vacuoles as well as occasional microvilli or filopodia. The undulations were mainly composed of plasmalemmal vesicles as well as of large (400--800 nm in diameter) and small (30--50 nm in diameter) localized protrusions and invaginations of the cell membrane. Deep invaginations of the cell membrane apparently resulted in two separate cytoplasmic portions. Locking of protruded cytoplasmic tongues and adherens junctions were sometimes seen in closely approximated cell membranes. The average number of membrane particles per micrometer2 was 630 +/- 130 on the P face and 180 +/- 30 on the E face. The membrane particles were occasionally aggregated to form clusters about 30 to 150 micrometer in diameter. Gap junctions were occasionally found, but there were no tight junctions. Large particles about 30 nm in diameter were found in places.
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PMID:Cell membrane structure of human giant-celled glioblastoma. 20 80

Approximately one year after partial removal of an intramedullary glioblastoma at T12, a patient was admitted to Wadsworth Veterans Administration Hospital with signs and symptoms of an intracranial tumor. We describe the unusual occurrence of intracranial seeding from spinal glioblastoma and review this rare condition and the possible mechanism involved.
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PMID:Spinal intramedullary glioblastoma with intracranial seeding. Report of a case. 20 1

A pilot clinical trial on radiotherapy of glioblastoma with and without hyperbaric oxygen was performed at the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center. Eighty previously untreated patients with histologically proved glioblastoma were evaluated; 38 were irradiated under hyperbaric oxygen and 42 (controls) in atmospheric air. The survival rates were calculated according to the actuarial analysis method. At the end of 18 months, the survival rate appeared considerably higher in the oxygen group (28%) than in the controls (10%). At the end of 36 months, no patients in the control group survived, whereas 2 patients in the oxygen group were alive beyond 45 and 48 months, respectively. The median survival time was 38 weeks for those treated under oxygen and 31 weeks for the air control group. Owing to the small population samples and the pilot nature of this study, the difference in survival rates between the two groups was not statistically significant. The toxicity of hyperbaric oxygen was well tolerated by most patients, and the quality of survival in the hyperbaric oxygen group was equal to or slightly better than that of the control group. This pilot clinical study paved the way for further controlled clinical trials of hyperbaric oxygen and oxygen-mimicking drugs, including the electron-affinic compounds that could have differentially sensitized the hypoxic tumor cells.
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PMID:Hyperbaric oxygen and radiation therapy in the management of glioblastoma. 20 35

Various modes of therapy, alone or in combination, have had little effect in improving the survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Recently, in a pilot study, 34 patients with glioblastoma were treated by fast-neutron-beam irradiation of the whole brain. Following treatment, the patients became steroid-dependent and pursued a gradual downhill course with increasing obtundation. Although there was no improvement in the length or quality of survival of these patients, neuropathological studies in the 13 patients who came to autopsy showed the following: 1) extensive coagulative necrosis of much of the tumor mass; 2) dense infiltration by collagenous connective tissue; 3) minimal phagocytic reaction; 4) marked reduction in the amount of viable tumor; 5) abnormal astrocytic proliferation, which may represent either astrocytoma or a radiation-induced bizarre gliosis, and 6) areas of gliosis and white matter degeneration in the brain stem, remote form the tumor site. These observations suggest that continued efforts to further refine this mode of therapy for glioblastoma are warranted.
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PMID:Fast-neutron irradiation of glioblastoma multiforme. Neuropathological analysis. 20 33


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