Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017636 (glioblastoma)
 18,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) and Mg2+-activated ATPase (Mg2+-ATPase) activities were demonstrated in human brain tumors by light and electron microscopy. Four cases of glioma, i.e., two cases of astrocytoma, grade II, and two cases of glioblastoma, were used as materials. At the light microscopic level, Mg2+-ATPase activity was observed in the capillary wall and glial cells of both astrocytoma and glioblastoma. ALPase activity was restricted to the capillary wall. Its activity was stronger in glioblastoma than in astrocytoma. By electron microscopy, in astrocytoma, reaction product representing Mg2+-ATPase activity was distributed in the plasma membranes of endothelial cells and pericytes. Activity was primarily localized at the abluminal surface of endothelial cells and the surface of pericytes facing endothelium. The plasma membrane of glial cells was also positive. ALPase activity revealed essentially the same distribution pattern in blood vessels as above. In glioblastoma, on the other hand, activities of both phosphatases were markedly positive on the luminal surface of the plasma membrane of endothelial cells. They were much stronger than those along the abluminal endothelial surface. Phosphatase activities in brain tumor appear to change in localization pattern in association with glioma malignancy. This might reflect a functional aspect of changes in blood-brain barrier in glioma.
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PMID:Phosphatase activities in human glioma cells as revealed by light and electron microscopy--a preliminary study. 293 40

A permanent cell line (HeRo) with a stable karyotype (80-84,XXYY) and with defined numerical and structural chromosome aberrations was established from a human glioblastoma, a highly malignant brain tumor. Transformation of these cells with SV40 led to a second permanent cell line (HeRo-SV) with a reduced, but also stable, karyotype (72-74,XXYY). The morphological appearance of the glioblastoma line was similar to the main component of the original tumor tissue. The transformed cells differed from their counterparts in accelerated growth, enhanced growth in soft agar, reduced growth conditions, expression of SV40 T antigen, and altered epitheloid morphology. Both cell lines have been grown in continuous culture for more than 2 years. The stability of both the biologic properties and the karyotypic changes induced by SV40 is quite remarkable. Both lines show a nullisomy 13.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a human glioblastoma cell line with a stable karyotype and nullisomy 13. 298 53

Glioblastomas developed within two years of each other in an otherwise unrelated married couple in their fifties. There was a daughter who died of Hodgkin's disease but no other unusual incidence of cancer in either siblings, parents or other children. No clear etiology of risk factors for brain tumor were identified. The development of such conjugal tumors, although apparently rare, raises important etiologic questions.
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PMID:Synchronous occurrence of glioblastoma multiforme in a husband and wife. 301 84

The Neuro-oncology Service of the University of California Brain Tumor Research Center conducted a nonrandomized phase II study to evaluate, in patients with recurrent malignant glioma, the benefit of a four-drug combination (BFHM) consisting of carmustine (1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea), 5-fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, and 6-mercaptopurine. There were 29 evaluable glioblastoma multiforme patients and 45 nonglioblastoma anaplastic glioma patients available for analysis. Tumor progression was analyzed as the primary study endpoint. Of the glioblastoma patients, 16 of 29 (55%) responded or stabilized on therapy; of the other anaplastic gliomas, 32 of 45 (71%) responded or stabilized. For patients who stabilized or responded to treatment, BFHM achieved a median time to tumor progression of 46 weeks with a 25th percentile time to tumor progression of 68 weeks for anaplastic gliomas and a median time to tumor progression of 23 weeks with a 25th percentile time to tumor progression of 36 weeks for glioblastoma multiforme patients. A Cox multivariate analysis demonstrated that age and Karnofsky score were important prognostic variables for these patients.
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PMID:Phase II study of combined carmustine, 5-fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, and 6-mercaptopurine (BFHM) for the treatment of malignant gliomas. 302 25

The immunoblotting technique was used to study the glycoproteins in human brain tumor samples including astrocytoma, glioblastoma, meningioma and oligodendroglioma, as well as in normal human brain. Glycoproteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, electrophoretically transferred to nitrocellulose membrane and characterized, using binding with 11 different lectins. Tumor-associated glycoproteins were found using the lectins peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin, Limulus polyhemus, Lotus tetragonolobus, Ricinus communis 1, (RCA-1) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). Their molecular masses ranged from 50 to 180 kDa. Several of them were common to the 3 types of tumors: astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and meningiomas. PNA, RCA-1 and WGA were the 3 most feasible lectins with regard to tumor specificity, simplicity and reproducibility.
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PMID:Glycoprotein pattern in human brain tumors studied using lectin binding after sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis and protein blotting. 303 65

We experienced a patient who died of diarrhea after an operation for glioblastoma. The mucosa of the small and large intestines were entirely denudated. Although the etiology is not clear, this case is supposed to be a very rare one of "necrotizing" enterocolitis in the adult occurring after an operation on a brain tumor.
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PMID:A case report of a "necrotizing" entero-colo-proctitis in the adult. 323 45

Ten patients with unusual uptake and retention of I-123 IMP in their brain tumors were studied. Of these ten patients, five had meningiomas and the remaining five had glioblastoma, malignant astrocytoma, malignant lymphoma, metastatic brain tumor, and cellular blue nevus. Six tumors (five meningiomas and the glioblastoma) showed short term retention of I-123 IMP. Three tumors (the malignant astrocytoma, the malignant lymphoma, and the metastatic brain tumor) showed a delayed increase of radioactivity and the cellular blue nevus showed a gradual increase and long term retention of the tracer.
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PMID:Unusual uptake and retention of I-123 IMP in brain tumors. 326 44

Local hyperthermia using 13.56-MHz radiofrequency (RF) capacitive heating was evaluated in 19 patients with malignant brain tumor. Intraoperative heating was performed in 4 patients. RF applicators were placed on the cerebral convexity and medial surface with the tumor between them. RF power was controlled so as to maintain the brain temperature below 40 degrees C. Under these conditions, the highest temperature of each tumor varied from 44 to 52 degrees C. After heating alone for about 60 min, 3 tumors showed regression on CT scan. Extracranial heating was performed in 15 patients with cerebral glioblastoma. RF applicators were placed on the scalp and applied to diametrically opposite sides of the tumor after bilateral craniectomy not smaller than the size of the applicator. The heating was performed for about 60 min at each session and repeated twice a week for a total of 4 to 10 times in combination with radiation and ACNU-chemotherapy. The brain temperatures were maintained below 42 degrees C. The highest temperatures of the tumor varied from 42 to 46 degrees C. Seven of 13 evaluable tumors on CT scan showed regression after the treatment. Low-density lesions appeared transiently in the brains of 2 patients, located in the RF field. In conclusion, RF capacitive heating can be applied to human malignant cerebral tumors.
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PMID:[Radiofrequency hyperthermia in malignant brain tumors: clinical trials]. 328 97

An autopsy case is described of an 66-year-old man with multicentric glioma of multiple histopathology, i.e. protoplasmic astrocytoma and glioblastoma. Enhanced CT scan revealed three separate lesions in the right cerebral hemisphere, pons, and cerebellar vermis. Initial diagnosis by CT included metastatic and primary brain tumor, multiple abscess, fungal infection, parasites, tuberculoma, and so on. Biopsy of the right frontal mass revealed astrocytoma grade-2. An autopsy revealed gelatinous, clear marginal mass in the right frontal, parietooccipital and cerebellar vermis; an opaque marginal mass with necrosis in dorsal pons was found. At microscopic examination, the right frontal tumor exhibited continuity with both the paraventricular and the right parietooccipital tumor. The right cerebral hemisphere and cerebellar vermis tumors showed protoplasmic astrocytoma; the dorsal pons tumor showed glioblastoma. CSF examination revealed no tumor cells. Tumor invasion of the internal capsule and the meninges was also not found. Accordingly, we diagnosed as multicentric astrocytoma of multiple histopathology. Only 11 case reports of multicentric glioma were recorded in Japan; only one of which was of multiple histopathology. Worldwide, only 7 case reports of multicentric glioma of multiple histopathology were recorded; this is the first case of protoplasmic astrocytoma and glioblastoma. Seen in terms of pathogenesis of multicentric glioma, this case is thought to be very interesting.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of multicentric glioma of multiple histopathology]. 332 31

The prognostic importance of tumor size was studied in 510 patients with malignant glioma (80% with glioblastoma multiforme) in the Valid Study Group of Study 80-01 of the Brain Tumor Study Group (now the Brain Tumor Cooperative Group [BTCG]). The endpoint was length of survival from randomization, which occurred within 3 weeks of definitive surgery. Following randomization, patients were scheduled to receive radiotherapy (RT) (6,020 cGy) during a 7-week period, along with continuing courses of chemotherapy. Computed tomographic (CT) scan information was available for 124 patients preoperatively, 300 patients postoperatively (preradiation), and 218 patients 9 weeks post-RT (+/- 3 weeks). Tumor size was determined as area (length x width) on the contrast-enhanced scan and survival was compared by log rank statistics. Preoperative tumor area was unrelated to survival (P = .48), but postoperative area was significantly prognostic (P less than .0001); the smaller the residual tumor, the longer the patient lived. Patients with a 75% or greater resection, as determined by measuring the difference between the preoperative and the postoperative scans, tended to have better survival, but the difference was not significant (P = .16). The post-RT area was strongly related to survival (P less than .00001). The percent change in area between the pre- and post-RT scans was also prognostic. Tumor size was of prognostic importance independent of the other known prognostic variables: age, Karnofsky performance score, and whether the tumor was glioblastoma or anaplastic astrocytoma. We conclude that the amount of tumor remaining after surgery is an important baseline variable at the start of RT, and that the tumor size 9 weeks following RT is also prognostic. Surgical resection is most important when it leaves the least amount of residual tumor.
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PMID:The prognostic importance of tumor size in malignant gliomas: a computed tomographic scan study by the Brain Tumor Cooperative Group. 333 97


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