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Query: UMLS:C0017536 (giardiasis)
 1,714 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of eosinophilic pleural effusion with coincidental intestinal infestation by Giardia lamblia is reported. After reviewing the possible causes of this type of pleuritis no clinical or laboratory data were obtained which could explain this condition, excepting the giardiasis, in the course of which there is no bibliographic reference in this sense. After the parasitosis had been treated with metronidazole the parasitologic negativization coincided with the disappearance of the pleural effusion. A review of the etiologies described in relation to eosinophilic pleural effusion and of the factors involved in the movilization of eosinophils, especially those which have a relationship with parasitosis, was carried out. Parasitosis may be capable of determining immune reactions with release of eosinophilotactic substances. The fact that the lung of experimental animals has been shown to be a suitable tissue for the release of factors with eosinophilotactic activity, could indicate that this organ has a special reactive capacity and probably, together with it, a closely related structure such as the pleura could have it too.
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PMID:[Eosinophilic pleural effusion during the course of a giardiasis. Report of a case (author's transl)]. 43 Nov 63

The prevalence of giardiasis was assessed in 1000 consecutive adult patients undergoing upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy for the usually accepted indications. Patients with upper-gastrointestinal bleeding were excluded. The diagnosis was established by examination of duodenal aspirate and duodenal mucosal impression smears. In 21 patients (2.1%) trophozoites were detected both in the duodenal juice and stained mucosal impression smears. All were treated with metronidazole or tinidazole. In 14 of 16 patients who had subsequent duodenal intubation, eradication of the parasite was confirmed. In five patients previously existent abdominal pain disappeared with clearing of the parasite, and no other cause for their abdominal pain was discovered. A search for Giardia lamblia infestation may be a worthwhile additional procedure at the time of endoscopy when no other cause for abdominal pain is found.
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PMID:Prevalence of Giardiasis: a study at upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy. 71 53

A study was carried out on the infestation with Giardia lamblia in 9316 children within the district served medically by the Titan University Polyclinic, in 1976. The mean annual infestation was 13.1% with slight monthly differences, except September and October when the proportion of children with G. lamblia exceeded 16%. The infestation was of 4.1% in the 0--1 year age-group, reaching a peak of 16.8% in the 3--5 years age-group, then gradually falling to 6.3% after the age of 14 years. In September and October the incidence increased to 16.9% and 16.4% respectively, but it should be emphasized that in the sick children referred for medical treatment during this period the incidence of infestation was within the mean monthly values for 1976, whereas in the children without clinical symptoms, examined for admission to children's communities, the infestation index rose to 19%. The fact that infestation with G. lamblia is greater in healthy than in sick children renders the control of giardiasis more difficult.
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PMID:[Incidence of lambliasis in the child population of an urban district]. 74 48

Giardia lamblia infestation can cause severe diarrhea and malabsorption, and the diagnosis is usually made by identification of cysts in the feces, but small intestinal biopsy or smears may be required. A wide spectrum of roentgen changes may be seen. In patients with a normal immune status, the small bowel is normal or shows an inflammatory bowel disease pattern. Eradication of the parasite reverses these changes. In some patients with IgA deficiency, nodular lymphoid hyperplasia occurs, and this is usually not reversible. Other patients with hypogammaglobulinemia or dysgammaglobulinemia and giardiasis may show a sprue pattern. This pattern most often persists after eradication of the parasite. Although the triad of giardiasis, IgA deficiency, and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia has a particularly high association, these, together with diarrhea, malabsorption, and various altered immune states may occur in any combination.
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PMID:Current perspectives on giardiasis. 110 21

A total of 534 psittacine and passerine birds consisting of 241 imported and 293 local birds were examined histologically. As a result, the following parasites were found: Giardia (86 cases), Knemido-coptes (26 cases), coccidia (10 cases), Ascaridia (6 cases), Cryptosporidium (5 cases), Sarcocystis (5 cases), tapeworm (4 cases), microfilaria (2 cases), Hexamita (1 case), and Spiroptera (1 case). High incidences of giardiasis and knemido-coptic infestation were detected in the local birds, but rarely in the imported birds. Giardial trophozoites were observed mainly in the duodenum of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Knemidocoptic mites burrowed into the epidermis producing proliferative dermatitis in 25 budgerigars and 1 African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus). This ectoparasite often infested the skin around the cloaca. Coccidiosis was seen only in the small intestines of the finch (Poephila gouldiae gouldiae), African Grey Parrot, Rainbow lory (Trichoglossus haematodus), Indian Ring-necked parakeet (Psittacula krameri manillensis) and peach-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis). Two parrots (Amazona aestiva aestiva and Psittacus erithacus erithacus) and two budgerigars had intestinal cryptosporidiosis. Conjunctivitis associated with cryptosporidial infection was seen in a lovebird. Sarcocystis cysts containing crescent-shaped bradyzoites were found not only in the thigh and breast but also in the heart and cloacal muscles. Other organisms such as Ascaridia, tapeworm, microfilaria, Hexamita, and Spiroptera were clinically less significant. However, infections such as Giardia and Cryptosporidim might have zoonotic implications.
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PMID:Histopathological survey of protozoa, helminths and acarids of imported and local psittacine and passerine birds in Japan. 129 9

The association between reactive arthritis and Giardia lamblia infestation, although it has been previously described, is not very common. We present a 32 year-old woman who had oligo-arthritis and erythema nodosum after Giardia lamblia infestation. We think that a Giardiasis should be more frequently considered in patients with arthritis after an episode of diarrhea.
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PMID:[Reactive arthritis and infestation by Giardia lamblia]. 180 94

Giardia lamblia, once considered a harmless commensal organism, has become one of the most common pathogenic intestinal parasites. Evidence for various methods of transmission has accumulated and serious physiological and nutritional disturbances as a result of infestation with this parasite have been clinically documented. Giardia lamblia has now been identified as a causative agent of waterborne, foodborne and sexually transmitted infectious diarrhea. Preventive interventions by health education (especially in personal hygiene) are indicated to reduce its spread in the community. The timing of such educational endeavours may be adjusted to the changes in the incidence of giardiasis if such should be predictable insofar as they are rhythmic. Accordingly, monthly totals of positive detected cases of giardiasis reported in Mexico between 1977 and 1985 were first fitted by linear least-squares with a 1-yr cosine curve. Results indicate a predictable circannual variability of Giardia incidence (P less than 0.001), with a crest time situated on the third week of July and monthly means of detected cases above the yearly average incidence between May and September. The validity of this circannual rhythm was further checked by nonlinear least-squares. Results show a presumably 1-yr synchronized estimated period of 8715.1 hr, with a total predictable change (double amplitude of 1788 cases per month) of 43% the average monthly incidence. Moreover, circannual rhythm parameters computed separately for each consecutive year are similar in terms of acrophase (P = 0.771). Awareness of the thus detected circannual predictable variability in the incidence of giardiasis may be important in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this infectious disorder. According to the results here found, the timing of prevention interventions by health education should be a readily exploitable factor.
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PMID:Circannual incidence of Giardia lamblia in Mexico. 208 74

Despite the prevalence of giardiasis little is known about the host-parasite specificity. With Giardia intestinalis-suckling mouse model, the success of infestation was depending on the parasite form, cyst or trophozoite, and, for the same parasite form, on the studied strain. Furthermore, the intestinal modification during the wean were unfavourable to Giardia intestinalis colonization.
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PMID:[Giardia intestinalis: study of infestation procedures of young mice before weaning]. 214 99

The prevalence of intestinal protozoal and helminthic infection was studied over a period of one year amongst 297 school children, aged 5-20 yr in a sub-urban area. The overall prevalence rate of various protozoal infection, 15.82 per cent had only helminthic infection and 14.47 per cent had combined helminthic and protozoal infection. Ascaris lumbricoides infestation was found to be the commonest helminthic infection (61.70%) while giardiasis was the commonest protozoal infection (59.80%). The prevalence rates, one year after effective anti-protozoal and antihelminthic treatment was administered, were overall parasitic infection 25.92 per cent; only protozoal infection 17.50 per cent, only helminthic infection 5.72 per cent and combined infection 2.69 per cent. The reinfection rate was found to be 7.40 per cent and the fresh infection rate was found to be 11.4 and 39.8 per cent at the end of six months and one year respectively.
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PMID:Effect of drug treatment on the prevalence of intestinal parasites amongst school children in a sub-urban community. 222 55

The studies were carried out for six years (1980 - 1984 and in 1987) considering the frequency of invasion by A. lumbricoides and G. intestinalis in various years depending on age and sex. The clinical material involved 5948 children of either sex aged from 0 to 3 years. Ascariasis was found in 123 children (2.06%) and giardiasis in 54 cases (0.9%). The infestation was more frequent in boys and it was associated always with other diseases.
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PMID:[Prevalence of ascariasis and giardiasis in children from 0 to 3 years old hospitalized in the years 1980-1984 and in 1987]. 226 94


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