Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017536 (giardiasis)
 1,714 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most frequently reported parasite-related diarrheal diseases in tropical travellers are amibiaisis, giardiasis, and certain types of nematoodiasis. Intestinal distomiasis is uncommon because the parasite is strictly limited to certain areas of the world. However observation is possible as is demonstrated by this case report involving a 3-year-old child who presented diarrhea two weeks after returning from a six-week stay Egypt. Heterophyes heterophyes eggs were identified. This small fluke has only exceptionally been reported in France where no indigenous case has ever been described. The present report provides an opportunity to review the clinical symptoms and epidemiology of this rare distomiasis, found only in south-east Asia and Egypt. Comparison of egg morphology allowed diagnosis of hysterophiasis by differentiation from smaller fluke species (Clonorchis and Opistorchis). The authors of this report emphasize that this is a rare but possible cause of diarrhea in travellers.
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PMID:[Heterophyiasis and diarrhea after travel: a case report of a child returning from a trip to Egypt]. 855 20

Like antibacterial agents, antiparasite drugs for pregnant women and children must be chosen in function of the stage of pregnancy, age of the child, and expected benefit-risk ratio. While no agent is totally safe, there are few absolute contraindications. Most zones of serious endemic parasite disease are located in developing countries where parasite, bacterial, or viral conditions combined with poor nutrition treatment make it necessary to treat disease in a complex pathogenic environment that weakens pregnant women and children with multiple parasite infections. In both temperate and tropical zones, there have been few real therapeutic advances involving release of new products on the market or development of new indications for existing products. Constant appearance and extension of hematozoa resistance to conventional and even more recent antimalarial agents have prompted research to find new active drugs and long-lasting treatment combinations. Real therapeutic breakthroughs have resulted from the need to develop safe drugs without substantial side-effects for single-dose use in control programs against endemic parasite diseases in mass populations including pregnant women and young children in tropical zones. There are several notable examples in the field of major verminous diseases. Ivermectin is a versatile drug that can be used against filariasis as well as for management of intestinal worms or ectoparasitosis in temperate and tropical countries. Praziquantel is an important advance in platyhelminthiasis, especially bilharziais. Triclabendazole, the latest addition to the benzimidazole family, has shown promise as a substitute for bithionol, that is difficult to procure and not recommended in pregnant women, for treatment distomiasis occurring in pregnant women and children. Other examples include albendazole against giardiasis, nitazoxamide against cryptosporidiosis, artemisinine against bilharziasis, and paramomycine, not recommended in pregnant women, against leishmaniasis.
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PMID:[Antiparasitic treatments in pregnant women and in children in 2003]. 1476 5