Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017536 (giardiasis)
 1,714 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case was that of a 21-month-old infant who presented a great inoperable Wilm's tumor that was treated with vincristine to the point of practically disappearing. Severe typhoid fever that was complicated by multiple intestinal parasitoses (ascariasis, trichuriasis, giardiasis and strongyloidiasis) appeared. Possibly, tumoral necrosis, salmonellosis and the parasitoses formed a sac that opened to the hepatic angle of the colon. Finally, multiple liver metastases were discovered and confirmed pathologically. The patient died 36 hours after surgical reexamination and liver biopsies, from causes not clearly explained. Comments are made on the diagnostic problems originated by rareness of the association of typhoid fever resistant to chloramphenicol, intestinal parasitoses and a great Wilms' tumor and the possible influence of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the evolution of the case.
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PMID:[Wilms' tumor, multiple intestinal parasitosis and typhoid fever]. 19 8

Intestinal parasites not only cause diarrheal illnesses but may also cause significant malabsorption in man. Separation of true malabsorption caused by a particular parasite from other factors that may coexist with and even mimic malabsorption, such as malnutrition may be very difficult. Despite these problems, it appears that giardiasis, coccidiasis, strongyloidiasis and capillariasis cause malabsorption of many important nutrients. D. latum interfere with vitamin B12 absorption.
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PMID:Parasites ana malabsorption. 39 Oct 37

The diagnoses which may be arrived at by examination of peroral small bowel mucosal biopsy specimens are presented. Celiac sprue, unclassified sprue (refractory sprue), infectious gastroenterititis, stasis syndrome and kwashiorkor have a severe mucosal lesion. Other clinical conditions are required to establish the diagnosis in these diseases. A number of diseases have specific diagnostic features. Included are Whipple's disease, abetalipoproteinemia, collagenous sprue, primary intestinal lymphoma, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, giardiasis, coccidiosis, strongyloidiasis, lymphangiectasis and the intestinal immunodeficiency diseases. Mucosal abnormalities may be present in other diseases but the diagnoses are usually made on other criteria than small bowel biopsy. These include vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency, Crohn's disease, gastrinoma, acrodermatitis enteropathica, amyloidosis, chronic granulomatous disease, lipid storage diseases, histoplasmosis, capillariasis, cytomegalovirus infection, schistosomiasis and macroglobulinemia.
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PMID:Histologic diagnosis of diseases of malabsorption. 51 56

A method for the diagnosis of giardiasis and strongyloidiasis by the Enterotest duodenal capsule is described. The method has a greater reliability than does the examination of stool specimens. Results of a study of 36 patients are reported.
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PMID:Diagnosis of parasitic infections of the small intestine by the Enterotest duodenal capsule. 67 53

Studies were carried out from June 1974 to May 1975 on the socio-economic status, health and nutritional status of the people in 4 villages, in the irrigation area of the Nong Wai Pioneer Agricultural Project of Khon Kaen Province, Northeast Thailand. The result obtained were compared with those in 2 non-irrigated villages in the same province, in order to identify the health and nutritional problems which might arise during the water resource development in the irrigation area. It was found that in the irrigated villages 90% of the peoples were farmers, while in the non-irrigated villages all were farmers. The socio-economic status of the people in the irrigated villages was much better than those in the non-irrigated ones. The income per family in the former was about three times greater than that in the latter. In the study of the health conditions of the villagers, the vulnerable age group including pre-school children under 7 years of age and school children in the elementary school class 1 and class 2, aged 7-9 years old, served as subjects for investigation. Haematological and physical examinations revealed many children with mild to moderate anaemia, vitamin B2 deficiency and a few cases of hepatomegaly. Anaemic children were found to be more prevalent in the non-irrigated villages than in the irrigated area. The overall parasitic infection rates in children in the irrigated and non-irrigated villages were similar with respect to severity of the infection. Hookworm infection, opisthorchiasis, strongyloidiasis and giardiasis were the leading parasitic infections, while amoebiasis was rare. Ascariasis and trichuriasis were not found. However, the first two helminthic infections had a low grade of intensity. The nutritional status of pre-school children, showed that there were more children with good growth in the irrigated villages than in the non-irrigated one. Serum proteins, albumin and globulin, and urinary urea nitrogen-creatinine ratio revealed normal findings indicating that the children had sufficient protein intake. The results of the urinary hydroxyproline-creatinine index suggested that many of the children in both groups of the villages were at marginal malnutrition status. Surveys on domestic animals including cattle, buffaloes, pigs, and field rats revealed no important zoonotic diseases except leptospirosis in a few rats. Some fish were found to harbour metacercariae of Opisthorchis viverrini, while some snails were positive for cercariae of O. viverrini, Schistosoma spindale, and Echinostoma malayanum. The overall findings indicated that the water resource development by establishing better irrigation, resulted in an improved socio-economic and nutritional status among the villagers, but health conditions and associated parasitic diseases and some nutritional deficiency still existed in the children. However, the findings from this study provide only preliminary data concerning the socio-economic status, health, and nutritional status of the villagers in the irrigation area...
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PMID:Socio-economic, health and nutritional status of the villagers in the Nong Wai irrigation area, Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand. 103 Aug 56

In Gabon, 15 children aged 13 to 36 months admitted for malnutrition with chronic diarrhea underwent a small bowel biopsy for detection of parasites in the duodenal contents and histologic evaluation of the intestinal mucosa. In every case, intraepithelial lymphocyte counts (IELC) were under the lower limit of normal for children and adults, regardless of whether or not parasites were found. Partial villous atrophy was a consistent finding. Proportion of lymphocytes among intraepithelial cells was 7.4% in the 6 children with no parasitic infection, 7.9% in the children with giardiasis, and 8.1% in the children with strongyloidiasis. Appropriate treatment of the parasitic infections was quickly followed by resolution of the diarrhea in the nine patients with demonstrable intestinal parasites. These data should be compared with the well documented lymphocyte function anomalies associated with protein-calory malnutrition. The fall in IELC and lack of response to local anigenic stimulations are features of malnutrition.
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PMID:[Decreased intraepithelial lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa in children with malnutrition and parasitic infections]. 158 May 34

This article reviews current recommendations of therapy with antidiarrheal compounds and antimicrobial agents for acute infectious diarrhea in children. In most infants and children with acute infectious diarrhea, treatment with antidiarrheal compounds is not indicated. Many of these compounds interfere with identification of enteropathogens in stool specimens, and the antimotility class has an overdose potential. Antimicrobial therapy is given to reduce symptoms and to prevent the spread of infection by decreasing fecal shedding of organisms. Although effective therapy is not available for patients with enteric viruses, Cryptosporidium, and Microsporidium, therapy is useful for children with amebiasis, antimicrobial-associated colitis, cholera, giardiasis, various forms of Escherichia coli diarrhea and Salmonella disease, isosporiasis, shigellosis, and strongyloidiasis. For several other conditions, antimicrobial therapy is of questionable benefit (infection with Campylobacter jejuni or Yersinia enterocolitica, intestinal salmonellosis and enterohemorrhagic E. coli infection). Compounds such as the fluoroquinolones, which are effective in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea in adults, are not approved for use in children because of potential side effects. Many bacterial, viral, and parasitic organisms cause acute infectious diarrhea; appropriate antimicrobial therapy requires the accurate, rapid identification of the offending enteropathogen. In children with an underlying illness such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, manifestations may be prolonged, severe, and recurrent despite appropriate therapy.
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PMID:Therapy for acute infectious diarrhea in children. 200 52

To assess the prevalence and species of intestinal parasitoses and to evaluate the effects of parasitic infections on the nutritional health of northeastern Thai children a survey was carried out among 343 urban and rural 3-8-year-olds in Sakon Nakhon province. Approximately 57% suffered from single or multiple helminthiasis (ancylostomiasis (AD), ascariasis (AL), opisthorchiasis (OV) and/or strongyloidiasis (SS)) and/or giardiasis (GL). In rural areas the prevalence of AD and SS was higher than in urban areas (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05 respectively). OV was found more frequently among 6-8-year olds (18%) than among 3-5-year olds (5%); among 3-5-year olds the prevalence of GL was higher than among 6-8-year olds (17 vs 8%). Multiple infections were observed in 13% of the children. Infected children showed lower daily intakes of protein, iron and riboflavin as well as lower menas for haemoglobin, haematocrit, serum ferritin, and Z-score height for age than non-infected children. The prevalence of stunted children was lower among non-infected children (32%) than among infected children (53%), and children with AL (49%), SS (55%), and GL (45%). Anaemia was found more frequently among the infected children (59%) and GL-children (61%) than among non-infected children (42%). Inadequate daily intake of energy and nutrients of most of the children, in combination with parasitic infections, still common in rural northeast Thailand, was shown to result in a serious public health problem.
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PMID:Association between intestinal parasitoses and nutritional status in 3-8-year-old children in northeast Thailand. 210 72

To extend information on the current distribution and frequency of parasitic infections in Egypt, one stool and one urine specimen from 2945 children, aged 6 to 12 years old were examined. The children were from 10 schools, one in Cairo, 2 in Giza Governorate, and 7 in the Nile delata. Frequency rates for S. mansoni by school were 0.3% in Cairo, 8-15% in Giza, and 3-79% in the delta; for S. haematobium, rates were 3% in Cairo, 25-71% in Giza, and 0-33% in the delta. Rates for strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, and trichostrongliasis were low in each location never exceeding 1%. Frequency rates for ascariasis were 3-31%, ancylostomiasis 3-8%, enterobiasis 2-22%, hymenolepiasis 4-20%, amebiasis 13-52%, and giardiasis 5-25%. F. hepatica infections (0.01%) were found in Sobtas, and an 8% H. heterophyes infection rate was found in Mataryia.
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PMID:Intestinal helminthic and protozoal infections and urinary schistosomiasis in Egyptian children. 211 Feb 31

Socio-economic factors relating to prevalence of intestinal helminthic infections were studied in 189 Thai adults residing in and around Bangkok. Questionaires were used to interview each individual about occupation, income, family occupation, family income and educational level. All participants were subjected to three microscopic stool examinations and to stool cultures for Stronglyoides stercoralis. Of 189, 34 were students (20%), 60 were unemployed (35%), and the remainder were employed in private or public sectors. The overall average personal incomes were low (less than US$ 1,000/year), while 56 per cent of them came from middle class families (US$ 2,000-4,000/year). Regarding the educational level, only 151 persons answered this question. Fourteen (9.3%) did not complete primary school; 20 (13.2%) completed primary school; 97 (64.2%) completed secondary or vocational school and 20 (13.2%) were university graduates. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 25 per cent (47/189) and 23.4 per cent (11/47) of infected individuals had multiple infections. The distribution among them was as follows: strongyloidiasis 30.5 per cent, hookworm 25.5 per cent, giardiasis 23.4 per cent, opistorchiasis 17 per cent, amoebiasis 12.8 per cent, trichuriasis 4.3 per cent, taeniasis 2 per cent and ascariasis 2 per cent. There were no statistical differences in incomes, occupations, family incomes and educational levels between infected and uninfected individuals.
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PMID:Socio-economic status and prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in Thai adults residing in and around Bangkok metropolis. 226 57


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