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Query: UMLS:C0017536 (giardiasis)
 1,714 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of eosinophilic pleural effusion with coincidental intestinal infestation by Giardia lamblia is reported. After reviewing the possible causes of this type of pleuritis no clinical or laboratory data were obtained which could explain this condition, excepting the giardiasis, in the course of which there is no bibliographic reference in this sense. After the parasitosis had been treated with metronidazole the parasitologic negativization coincided with the disappearance of the pleural effusion. A review of the etiologies described in relation to eosinophilic pleural effusion and of the factors involved in the movilization of eosinophils, especially those which have a relationship with parasitosis, was carried out. Parasitosis may be capable of determining immune reactions with release of eosinophilotactic substances. The fact that the lung of experimental animals has been shown to be a suitable tissue for the release of factors with eosinophilotactic activity, could indicate that this organ has a special reactive capacity and probably, together with it, a closely related structure such as the pleura could have it too.
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PMID:[Eosinophilic pleural effusion during the course of a giardiasis. Report of a case (author's transl)]. 43 Nov 63

In 1987 and 1988, 340 consecutive patients attended the endoscopy centre of Cochin hospital, Paris, and underwent oesophago-gastroduodenal endoscopy in a search for Giardia lamblia parasitology and histology. Two-hundred and eight of these patients presented with non-ulcer dyspepsia and entered a prospective study aimed at determining the advisability of a systematic search for Giardia lamblia in this population. Six biopsies were positive for giardiasis, including 3 in patients with acquired immunodeficiency, 1 in a case of chronic diarrhoea with atrophic villi and 2 in dyspeptic patients. Giardiasis, therefore, cannot be regarded as a cause of non-ulcer dyspepsia, and a systematic search for the parasite is of little interest in such cases. However, giardiasis remains a cosmopolitan parasitic disease with a non-negligible prevalence in France among subjects at risk, such as communities, children, travellers, homosexuals and immunodeficient patients.
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PMID:[Role of giardiasis in non-ulcer dyspepsia]. 182 98

Parasitic infestations are endemic in tropical and subtropical areas, but rarely occur in temperate zones, and are imported by tourists, immigrants and expatriates. Gastrointestinal and biliary tree parasites are the commonest helminthics in humans. Previously these were diagnosed only by stool examinations, but recently other diagnostic techniques have been used. These include fibreoptic endoscopies for upper or lower gastrointestinal tract and biliary tree. Endoscopy plays an important role in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up as in gastric anisakiasis, chronic giardiasis, strongyloides, hepatosplenic and chronic intestinal schistosomiasis. ERCP is diagnostic in biliary tree obstruction due to parasites or associated stones or cholangiocarcinoma; worm extraction will lead to biliary decompression. Endoscopic instillation of drugs such as mepa-crine in chronic giardiasis, piperazine in biliary ascariasis and hypertonic saline in a ruptured hydatid liver cyst. Imaging techniques, such as barium studies, ultra-sound, CT and MRI, play an essential part in investigations and follow-up in parasitic disease. Therapeutic techniques under ultrasound or CT guidance for amoebic liver abscess or recent percutaneous drainage of hydatid cyst of the liver have been done successfully.
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PMID:Modern techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal and biliary tree parasites. 185 76

Parasitosis opportunist are becoming clearer thanks to a better knowledge of immunological mechanisms, especially in AIDS. Child immunological immaturity and corticotherapy are the two other main immunodeficiencies among opportunist parasitosis. For the protozoosis, coccidiosis (especially toxoplasmosis), cryptosporidiosis, but isosporosis too and microsporidiosis represent a privileged group among opportunistic infections. Among adult, leishmaniasis caused by L. infantum is an opportunist parasistosis, favoured by corticotherapy or AIDS, but among children, it is the child's immunological immaturity which is involved in the immunodeficiency. Babesia occurs among splenectomized people. Giardiasis is more frequent and more severe among IgA immunodeficiencies especially secretories IgA. Among helminthiasis, generalised strongyloidiasis is very severe among patients under corticotherapy, but AIDS is not involved.
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PMID:[Opportunistic aspects of parasitosis]. 268 97

The author discusses transmission and case distribution of the parasitic disease giardiasis and why it should be made reportable.
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PMID:Giardiasis in Iowa. 272 62

The authors present an account on 60 patients where, based on the clinical picture, parasitological examination and laboratory parameters, the diagnosis of giardiasis was established. Among these patients a rise of one or several indicators of liver metabolism was found in 31%. The authors discuss whether the above conditions can be considered hepatitis within the framework of the basic parasitic disease. They eliminated non-parasitic causes (obstruction, HBsAg positive hepatitis, drug hepatitis, toxic hepatopathies) of elevated transaminase and bilirubin levels. For collection of duodenal juice or faeces for parasitological examination they used a gastrofibroscope or rectoscope. After treatment normalization of transaminase and bilirubin serum levels was recorded as well as regression of clinical symptoms and of eosinophilia.
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PMID:[Elevated indicators of liver metabolism in patients with giardiasis]. 276 82

Stool examination from primary schoolchildren in Chiang Mai Province, north Thailand, was performed to determine the present state of parasitic infections in this area. Out of a total of 491 children, 239 proved positive (48.7%). The most common type of parasite was found to be soil-transmitted helminths such as hookworm (26.3%) or Strongyloides stercoralis (11.2%), while Ascaris lumbricoides was not so prevalent (1.2% being positive in one school out of three). These results are in contrast to earlier reports showing higher prevalence rates, leading the authors to hypothesize that improvements in sanitary conditions and eradication projects have been effective. Opisthorchiasis is another parasitic disease with a relatively high prevalence rate of 7.5%. This disease rate increases with age and it was found in two out of three schools (8.3-15.8%) and was the most common type of helminth infection. Ascariasis was not seen in these two schools, but strongyloidiasis was found to be the second most prevalent helminthiasis, having a higher infection rate than hookworm. Therefore, eradication efforts now need to be directed toward eliminating opisthorchiasis and strongyloidiasis in addition to continuing to eradicate ascariasis and hookworm infections. The most common protozoal infection with a high pathogenicity in this region was found to be giardiasis (7.7%).
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PMID:Intestinal parasitic infections among schoolchildren in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand: an analysis of the present situation. 281 Apr 55

For the purpose of assigning priorities for research, each of the following parasitic disease is examined in regard to its affect on the nutritional status of the host: schistosomiasis, malaria, amebiasis, giardiasis, ascariasis, and hookworm. The epidemiology, diagnosis, immune response to, and available therapies for these diseases are discussed. It is suggested that highest priority be given to three diseases: hookworm, ascariasis, and schistosomiasis, because they can be treated successfully, diagnosed easily, and have a high prevalence.
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PMID:Needed research on the interactions of certain parasitic diseases and nutrition in humans. 695 53

Giardiasis is the most prevalent intestinal parasitic disease in the United States. Most cases can be diagnosed by a single stool examination. However, in periodic cyst excretors, cysts may not be detected unless repeated stool examinations are performed. In clinically highly suspected cases, duodenal fluid should be studies after three negative stool examinations. Scanning electron microscopy is probably superior to light microscopy in screening duodenal fluid if the parasite is scanty or degenerated. A small intestinal biopsy is a last resort for the diagnosis; a mucosal impression smear should be routinely performed on such specimens. The latter is the most sensitive and reliable technique in making the diagnosis.
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PMID:The diagnosis of giardiasis. 739 67

Giardiasis is a cosmopolitan parasitic disease. About 10% of adults and 20% of children in Poland is infected with Giardia lamblia but only a few per cent of cases is symptomatic. Incidence and symptomatology depend upon a number of factors including individual susceptibility. The disease is usually chronic and recurrent and acute form is found in rare cases only. Giardiasis should be suspected in patients with chronic atypical symptoms related to the alimentary tract. Nitroimidasolic compounds are used in the treatment of giardiasis.
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PMID:[Giardiasis]. 897 96


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