Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017536 (giardiasis)
 1,714 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An individual who has cystic fibrosis (CF) may suffer from gastrointestinal problems related to inadequately controlled intestinal absorption secondary to the pancreatic insufficiency. These include neonatal meconium ileus, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), constipation and acquired megacolon, rectal prolapse and rarely pancreatitis. If the intestinal malabsorption is well controlled with an effective pancreatic enzyme preparation, DIOS, constipation and rectal prolapse are infrequent. Persisting gastrointestinal symptoms should be investigated thoroughly to exclude other disorders not directly related to the cystic fibrosis; these include cows' milk intolerance, coeliac disease, giardiasis, Crohn's disease and intra-abdominal malignancy. Both appendicitis and intussusception may cause difficult diagnostic problems particularly in patients who may also have distal ileal obstruction syndrome.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis: gastrointestinal complications. 145 4

A 20-year-old male patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) is described, who acutely developed hypoalbuminemia concurrently with giardiasis. Hypoalbuminemia could not be explained by the usual causes seen in patients with CF, but resolved with quinacrine therapy. Subsequently, asymptomatic giardiasis was sought but not found by either the string test or stool exam in any of 15 patients with pancreatic insufficiency who were examined in a prospective manner. Although pancreatic insufficiency is felt to be able to act synergistically with giardiasis to accentuate malabsorption, patients with pancreatic insufficiency per se are not necessarily at greater risk for colonization with Giardia.
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PMID:Severe giardiasis in a patient with cystic fibrosis. 398 30

PABA test has proved to be an easy and reliable test for determination of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid or 4-(N-acetyl-L-tyrosyl) aminobenzoic acid are split by action of chymotrypsin in the small intestine. N.O-diacetyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid is converted easy in vivo in 4(N-acetyl-L-tyrosyl) aminobenzoic acid. The amount of 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in urine collected for 6-10 hours is used as an index of chymotrypsin production. The concentration of PABA (and aromatic amines) is estimated in urine by the Bratton and Marshall method. p-dimethylamino cinnamaldehyde is less useful for the determination of urinary PABA. 60 min are necessary as time for acid hydrolysis of conjugated PABA metabolites. False abnormal test results are found for instance in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, small bowel resection, impaired liver function, anorexia nervosa, lambliasis or renal insufficiency. The PABA test appears in consideration of these restrictions to be an useful simple method in the assessment of exocrine pancreatic function.
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PMID:[The PABA test]. 633 4

An increasing number of laboratory tests are available for diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract diseases in dogs and cats. Use of these tests can lead to more accurate and rapid diagnoses. This review discusses laboratory tests, both new and old, and the role they currently play in the evaluation of animals presented with gastrointestinal problems. A minimum database helps assess the severity of the disorder, detect extra-gastrointestinal causes of problems and assists in formulating diagnostic and therapeutic plans. Faecal examination remains one of the most important diagnostic procedures in the investigation of gastrointestinal problems. Zinc sulphate faecal flotation is an excellent routine screening technique for helminth and protozoal infections, including giardiasis. Rectal cytology can assist in the diagnosis of large bowel disorders. Interpretation of faecal immunodiagnostic tests is hampered by insufficient knowledge of test sensitivities and specificities. Routine faecal cultures are not warranted and faecal occult blood tests are rarely indicated. Serum tests for gastric inflammation are now under development. The serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity test remains the gold standard technique for the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Breath hydrogen tests can be helpful in assessing the functional relevance of mild abnormalities in small-bowel biopsy specimens. Subnormal concentrations of serum cobalamin appear to be more specific indicators of gastrointestinal disease in cats than in dogs. Tests for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth remain controversial and assessment of gastrointestinal permeability has yet to prove its value in the diagnostic assessment of companion animals with gastrointestinal problems. Faecal alpha1-protease inhibitor shows promise for the diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy.
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PMID:Laboratory procedures for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract diseases of dogs and cats. 1603 43

Phrynoderma is a type of follicular hyperkeratosis located primarily on the extensor surfaces of the extremities. It is most commonly seen in Africa and Southeast Asia, where it is correlated with malnutrition; however, it is rare in developed countries, where it is often the result of malabsorption secondary to pancreatic insufficiency, colectomy, chronic giardiasis, and bariatric surgery. Here, we report a case of a 51-year-old white male patient, who presented to our Institute with a 1-year history of diffuse, reddish-brown asymptomatic papules associated with follicular nodules. In association with cutaneous symptomatology, the patient complained of also having night blindness. The patient, 4 years before, underwent a bariatric surgical treatment, which included a biliopancreatic diversion. Histologic examination of skin biopsy revealed hyperkeratosis and irregular acanthosis of the epidermis in association with dilated follicular infundibulum filled with keratinous material, whereas the laboratory investigations showed hypovitaminosis A. Based on the patient's history and cutaneous biopsy, a final diagnosis of phrynoderma was made. The steady increase of obesity in developed countries results in a relative increase in bariatric surgery. This must involve a multidisciplinary team to manage nutrition deficiencies and prevent possibly important complications, as mentioned in this report.
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PMID:Biliopancreatic diversion: when a cure becomes a disease. 2371 82