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 11,783 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

"This paper examines the effect of gross nominal earnings, gross real earnings, and net real earnings on net migration in a simultaneous-equation model of net migration and employment growth. Using US SMSA data for 1970-75, the study shows that nominal earnings are not a good proxy for real earnings. In addition, gross real earnings performed better than net real earnings, suggesting a possibility of 'tax illusion' on the part of the migrants. Besides, employment growth had a significant positive effect on net migration, whereas net migration affected employment growth positively but less significantly." (summary in FRE, GER)
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PMID:Recent evidence on the effect of real earnings on net migration. 1226 61

"Aggregate interstate migration data [for the United States] indicate that the majority of observed flows are from higher to lower wage states, quite contrary to the predictions of human capital theory. It is argued that a search theoretic framework may be used to complement and strengthen human capital theory. Such a framework may then include consideration of the flows of job information and aspects of job competition. A model is proposed for application to longitudinal micro-level data which overcomes a variety of theoretical and inferential problems and which remains within the bounds of empirical application." (summary in FRE, GER)
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PMID:Wage distributions and spatial preferences in competitive job search and migration. 1226 62

A review of the geographic distribution of the 5 million foreigners resident primarily in the urban areas of the Federal Republic of Germany is presented. "Economic trend surface and mixed space-time interaction models were chosen to analyse the changing distribution from 1964 to 1981." The results suggest that the settlement of foreigners in the 1960s was primarily influenced by job opportunities, whereas immigrants in the 1970s were more spatially diffused down the urban hierarchy. In 1981, "first-order spatial and temporal interaction or contagion effects are significant in determining the settlement pattern. The general south to north latitudinal settlement trend is weakening over time as migration responds less to distance (intervening opportunity) and more to local economic factors, immigration legislation, family reunification, and local contagion effects." (summary in FRE, GER)
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PMID:The geographic distribution of foreigners in West Germany. 1226 7

"This paper systematically relates local survey data to national census data in an investigation of one peripheral form of counter-urbanization now regarded as widely present in developed countries. The recent growth and spatial distribution of long-distance English migration to the Highlands and Islands of Scotland is described, and then 'explained' through multivariate analysis of cross-sectional data and through the stated motivations and characteristics of surveyed migrants to some of the remoter, rural parts of the region. The study reveals the importance of environmental and quality of life considerations." (summary in FRE, GER)
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PMID:Peripheral counter-urbanization: findings from an integration of census and survey data in Northern Scotland. 1226 90

A review of urban change in Hungary in the twentieth century is presented. Both the traditional approach to studying urban change, involving changes in the percentage of those residing in urban areas, and the newly developed approach, focusing on regional aspects of urbanization, are used in the analysis. "In sharp contrast to most European countries Hungary is shown to evidence continued centralization of urban development, but the recent experience of Budapest and other indicators are said to portend future decentralization." (summary in FRE, GER)
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PMID:Structural change in a system of urban places: the 20th-century evolution of Hungary's urban settlement network. 1226 91

"This paper compares the distribution of growth of several economic sectors in an attempt to trace and analyse their spatiotemporal sequence of decentralization. The paper applies a polynomial regression model capable of dealing with detailed spatiotemporal series. The application of the model to the urban field of Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] shows population to be the farthest spread followed by manufacturing industries. Despite, or probably because of, their extensive spread, both sectors display low levels of growth." In addition to population and manufacturing, the patterns of growth in retail and wholesale trade, services, and the provision of financial, insurance, and real estate services are examined for the period 1960-1980. (summary in FRE, GER)
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PMID:Multi-sectoral urban growth in space and time: an empirical approach. 1226 70

"The major objective of this paper is to demonstrate that interregional income differential is exogenous to interregional net migration, but not conversely. Utilizing Japanese prefectural-based data for 1954-82, we conduct the following three kinds of analyses to confirm this statement. Firstly, a simple comparison of the crests of interregional time-series plots was made to see which occurred first. Secondly, Sims', 1972, test of causality was done to investigate causation between urban/rural income differential and net migration. Finally, per capita income and population share were examined by two-dimensional phase diagram for nine regions." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND GER)
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PMID:Interregional income differentials and migration: their interrelationships. 1226 48

Using data for 699 white girls from Newcastle upon Tyne, England, who were born in 1962, the authors examine the relationship between age at menarche and selected social and anthropometric variables. Factors considered include family size, birth order, father's occupation, birth weight, and height and weight at five years of age and at menarche (SUMMARY IN FRE, GER)
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PMID:Menarche in Newcastle upon Tyne girls. 1227 35

"The population of the Himalayan region has tripled between 1901 and 1981 (from 11 to 33 million) and the rate of increase accelerated after about 1951 (from 1.26 to 2.7 percent per annum). These generalized figures, however, conceal significant sub-regional differences. It is argued that aid and development programmes have so far paid insufficient attention to local socio-cultural institutions and environmental conditions, and especially to the status of women." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND GER)
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PMID:Population characteristics of the Himalayan region. 1228 77

The origins of regional variations observed in the household formation systems of rural Europe in the preindustrial era are explored. The author notes that recently exploited census-type data sources concerning Byzantine Greece, early Renaissance Italy, and late medieval England have made it possible to argue that the broad regional variations established at the eve of industrialization are in fact discernible from a much earlier era. The available data on household size and type are also reviewed, with a focus on English data. (SUMMARY IN FRE AND GER)
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PMID:The pre-history of demographic regions in traditional Europe. 1228 24


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