Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017168 (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
 11,783 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Asthma is now considered primarily an inflammatory disease in which bronchospasm occurs secondary to airway inflammation. Management strategies include the use of inhaled anti-inflammatory agents, notably inhaled corticosteroids and cromolyn. Mild intermittent asthma may be treated with inhaled bronchodilators. Moderate asthma should be treated with an inhaled anti-inflammatory agent in addition to an inhaled beta agonist. If symptoms persist, an oral bronchodilator (either a beta-adrenergic agonist or theophylline) should be added. Therapy for severe asthma includes combinations of the foregoing medications, with the possible addition of oral corticosteroids. Other aspects of management include the use of a spacer device with inhaler therapy, control of concomitant allergies and triggering factors such as chronic sinusitis, tobacco smoke and gastroesophageal reflux, and home use of a portable peak flow meter to monitor the disease.
 ...
PMID:National guidelines for the management of asthma in adults. 135 47

Gastroesophageal reflux is an important cause of chronic respiratory diseases. Asthma in particular has an interesting and frequent association with GER. Asthma appears to promote GER, and GER can provoke asthma. It behooves the clinician to be aware of this association when treating patients with one of or both of these disorders. Any patient whose respiratory status is worsening without another recognized cause needs to have GER causation considered. Asthmatics whose disease requires systemic steroids or who cannot be controlled are suspect for GER provoked problems. Recognition and treatment of GER will often cause worthwhile improvement of the respiratory illness. This response can often be dramatic.
 ...
PMID:Gastroesophageal reflux and respiratory disorders. 157 50

Asthma is a multifactorial syndrome with different etiologies, both allergic and non-allergic. Response to an allergen may be moderate and may often be shown only by provocation tests, not by skin tests or RAST. Food allergy is a significant cause of asthma. There are many non-allergic causes, from gastro-oesophageal reflux to aspirin-intolerant asthma, to sulphites...the list is far from exhaustive. Often there is an association of allergic and non-allergic causes.
 ...
PMID:Intrinsic asthma: myth or reality? 174 28

Asthma may have several etiologies. It is well-known that there are allergic subjects with low IgE bound to mast cells, with negative specific RAST and with weakly positive skin tests, but with a positive provocation test with pneumo-allergens. Food allergy, isolated or associated is also not a negligible cause. Non-allergic subjects often respond to triggering factors: Gastro-oesophageal reflux Neuro-endocrine origin Infectious origin Physical origin (exercise). In our study, we place the emphasis on two types of extremely severe asthma, linked to intolerance of aspirin and metabisulphites and often associated.
 ...
PMID:[The etiologies of asthma]. 219 89

An attempt was made to evaluate the frequency of the different diseases in a given population and health area so as to establish health policy programs. A method of comparison of results was used for two pediatric clinics in two health centers, and the frequency of the different chronic diseases in the overall children population attending both centers (asthma, urinary tract infections, gastroesophageal reflux, febrile seizures, psychomotor retardation and heart diseases) was evaluated. The results of the study were similar for both clinics and also to those by other authors of comparable assessments, except for gastroesophageal reflux. Asthma and urinary tract infection had frequencies ranging from 4.3 to 5% and from 4.15 to 5%, respectively. It should also be remarked that 29% of children with esophageal reflux in our sample had episodes of urinary tract infection.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic pathology in 2 pediatric clinics]. 249 69

Gastroesophageal reflux is an important cause of chronic respiratory disorders. In at least two common pulmonary conditions, chronic bronchitis and asthma, there may be a ying-yang association between the pulmonary disease and gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroesophageal-provoked disease needs to be evaluated in patients with chronic respiratory disease whose condition is progressing in spite of adequate medical therapy; whose history strongly supports this concept; and whose laboratory tests suggest a causal relationship. Recognition and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux, either medical or surgical, can benefit respiratory problems of many patients.
J Asthma 1989
PMID:Gastroesophageal reflux and diseases of the respiratory tract: a review. 270 34

A wide variety of types of pulmonary diseases and respiratory symptoms have been associated with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Asthma, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and pulmonary fibrosis have all been linked to GER, but causal mechanisms have been difficult to establish. To characterize pulmonary function abnormalities in older children and young adults (age 7-23 years) with GER, lung function was evaluated in 22 patients being treated for reflux. The patients were divided into two groups: nine subjects (Group 1) had no history of pulmonary symptoms. Thirteen subjects (Group 2) had known pulmonary disease; all had diagnosed asthma, and five had a history of recurrent pneumonia. Lung volumes and spirometry were measured. Airway reactivity was assessed by measuring change in flows following isocapneic hyperventilation of subfreezing air. The presence of "small airway" disease was assessed by air-helium flow volume curves and the single breath oxygen test. Lung size, as indicated by measurement of total lung capacity, was normal in all patients. Flow rates, density dependence of maximal expiratory flow, single breath oxygen test, and tests of airway reactivity were abnormal only in Group 2 patients and were normal in the Group 1 patients. That not all children with GER have abnormal pulmonary function suggests that, if there is a causal relationship between GER and lung disease, it is multi-factorial in nature. Children with GER who do have lung disease have evidence of airway obstruction, maldistribution of ventilation, and increased airway reactivity, but do not have restricted lung volumes.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary function in older children and young adults with gastroesophageal reflux. 376 70

Five patients who had nocturnal asthma attacks associated with clinical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux were studied to determine if antiasthma therapy could also benefit the reflux symptoms. The patients were treated in a randomized double blind fashion with either ephedrine or identical appearing placebo. During the treatment periods, the subjects maintained a daily record of asthma and reflux symptoms. Both asthma and reflux symptoms improved with active therapy. These results suggest that treatment of asthma may lessen the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux.
J Asthma 1983
PMID:Asthma as a cause for, rather than a result of, gastroesophageal reflux. 635 63

Despite the introduction of new and potent antiasthmatic drugs, a minority of asthma patients, remains without response to therapy. Some of the patients with asthma refractory to therapy actually do not have asthma at all, but suffer from another syndrome mimicking asthma. Asthma may also exist in combination with a syndrome mimicking asthma (e.g. vocal cord dysfunction). Patients may then get treated with high doses of corticosteroids unnecessarily, because the symptoms due to vocal cord dysfunction are misinterpreted as being asthmatic. Sometimes asthma is complicated by an independent factor (e.g. gastroesophageal reflux), which does not respond to antiasthmatic drugs. In all cases of asthma being unresponsive to therapy, the diagnosis of asthma must be questioned, and other complicating factors need to be excluded. The patient's compliance should be encouraged, and correct handling of modern inhalation devices has to be monitored. Patients with refractory asthma should also undergo flexible bronchoscopy to exclude morphologic changes of the bronchial system and to obtain mucosal biopsies.
 ...
PMID:[Therapy-resistant asthma: causes and therapy]. 748 19

Chronic cough is a common symptom in many different disease processes. Because the most effective way to eliminate a chronic cough is to identify and treat the underlying disease, the physician must approach the paediatric patient based on his or her knowledge of the differential diagnosis. The most common causes of cough in children are upper respiratory tract infections, asthma, rhinitis, sinusitis, and gastroesophageal reflux. By using a systematic approach, the cause of a chronic cough can almost always be found, and the cough successfully treated. Asthma is the cause of most undiagnosed chronic coughs but sinusitis, rhinitis, and gastroesophageal reflux must also be considered in difficult patients.
 ...
PMID:Treatment options in the child with a chronic cough. 768 7


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>