Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017168 (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
 11,783 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Airborne pollutants can rise to extreme levels when large buildings fall down. The terrorist attack on New York's World Trade Center (WTC) towers caused the release of an enormous quantity of pulverized building materials and combustion products into the local environment. Particulate matter (PM) from crushed WTC building materials is primarily non-respirable (>96% larger than 10 microm mass median aerodynamic diameter [MMAD]) and composed of fibrous and nonfibrous components such as gypsum, calcite, silica, glass fibers, cellulose, and asbestos. Respirable fine WTC PM (PM(2.5)) may include finely crushed building materials as well as combustion products such as dioxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Rescue workers at the WTC site had exposure-related increases in the incidences of nasal congestion, bronchial hyperreactivity to aerosolized methacholine, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and persistent cough. Toxicological studies in mice indicate that WTC PM(2.5) causes airflow obstruction above a critical dose. The review of physical characteristics and health effects of major pollutants derived from the collapse of the WTC towers has assisted in risk assessment efforts related to the collapse of large buildings.
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PMID:Physical characteristics and health effects of aerosols from collapsed buildings. 1655 Dec 19

Rhinosinusitis is an extremely common disease that is often underreported, especially in children. Its clinical spectrum includes acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) which may present in the forms of ARS with persistent symptoms and ARS with severe symptoms and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), characterized by a duration longer than 12 weeks and prevalence of symptoms such as nasal congestion and cough. Moreover, rhinosinusitis may present with associated disorders, that are nasal polyposis and aspirin sensitivity, asthma, otitis media with effusion, and gastroesophageal reflux. A particular form is fungal rhinosinusitis, presenting in an invasive and noninvasive form, the latter including allergic fungal sinusitis, which is the most common form of fungal rhinosinusitis and should be suspected in children with nasal polyposis and atopy.
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PMID:The clinical spectrum of rhinosinusitis in children. 2015 75

We present a 50-year-old woman with progressive dyspnea, cough, and nasal congestion. Evaluation revealed positive skin tests (IgE) to trees and dust mites, early glottic closure on spirometry, and sinus opacities on CT. Diagnostic considerations included allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, asthma, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, vocal cord dysfunction, chronic sinusitis secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease, and systemic inflammatory and immunologic diseases, including vasculitis. Progresson of her symptoms prompted further investigation, and a biopsy yielded an unexpected diagnosis.
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PMID:A 50-year old woman with nasal congestion, cough, and dyspnea. 2348 97

Upper airway abnormalities increase the risk of pediatric morbidity in infants. A multidisciplinary approach to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) poses challenges to clinical practice. The incidence and causes of OSA are poorly studied in children under 2 years of age. To fill this gap, we performed this retrospective observational study to determine the causes of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children admitted to our hospital between January 2016 and February 2018, after a brief unexplained event (BRUE) or for OSA. We reviewed the medical charts of 82 patients (39 males; BRUE n = 48; OSAS n = 34) and divided them into two age groups: < 1 year old (1-12 months; n = 59) and >1 year old (>12-24 months; n = 23). Assessment included nap polysomnography, multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH, and nasopharyngoscopy. Sleep disordered breathing was comparable between the two groups. Omega-shaped epiglottis, laryngomalacia, and nasal septum deviation were more frequent in the younger group, and nasal congestion in older group. Tonsillar and adenoidal hypertrophy was more frequent in the older group, while laryngomalacia and gastroesophageal reflux was more frequent in the younger group. Tonsil and adenoid size were associated with grade of apnea-hypopnea index severity in the older group, and laryngomalacia and gastroesophageal reflux in the younger group. The main causes of respiratory sleep disorders differ in children before or after age 1 year. Our findings have potential clinical utility for assessing the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep disordered breathing in patients less than 2 years old.
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PMID:Age and Upper Airway Obstruction: A Challenge to the Clinical Approach in Pediatric Patients. 3244 26