Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017168 (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
 11,783 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Review of hospital records of 122 infants, aged between 1 and 25 months, admitted to a teaching hospital with the diagnosis of failure to thrive but without an underlying disease apparent at admission, showed that about one-third of them had no diagnosis after evaluation. Thirty-two per cent were thought to have a social or environmental explantation for poor growth, and 31% were given a specific organic or physiological diagnosis. Of the last group, 2 out 3 were diagnosed as having either gastro-oesophageal reflux or non-specific chronic diarrhoea. Vomiting was often associated with organic or structural disease. On average about 40 laboratory tests and x-ray films were performed per infant, but only 0.8% of all tests showed an abnormality which contributed to the diagnosis of the cause of failure to thrive. Our results stress the importance of social and environmental factors as basic causes of failure to thrive, and suggest that admission to hospital and laboratory testing is unlikely to lead to a specific organic diagnose in a child whose failure to thrive is unexplained after careful history taking and a physical examination.
 ...
PMID:Failure to thrive: diagnostic yield of hospitalisation. 680 15

Recurrent vomiting in adults is characterized by episodes of forceful vomiting which last several hours and recur at inconstant intervals; patients are free from symptoms between episodes. The series comprised 17 male and 14 female patients whose ages ranged from 14 to 69 years. In 10 patients, the vomiting attacks were accompanied by diarrhoea, and in 10 by abdominal pain. Eight patients suffered from bilious vomiting in childhood, and 11 patients had migraine. Five patients gave a family history of recurrent vomiting. Management necessitated a sympathetic approach and balanced investigation. Prochlorperazine administered by injection was helpful in the alleviation of an acute attack, but the possible value of more specific antimigraine therapy remains to be established. Evidence supports a link with migraine, which has an association with other gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel and oesophageal reflux. In cases in which pain is prominent, cholelithiasis should be carefully excluded, but cholecystectomy did not always cure vomiting attacks.
 ...
PMID:Recurrent vomiting in adults. A syndrome? 683 34

Alcohol leads to acute and chronic defects at the alimentary tract. Immediate and indirect effects are often not to be deliminated easily in the individual case. In the oesophagus above all disturbances of motility, reduction of the tonus, gastroesophageal reflux, oesophagotitides, Barrett's syndrome and carcinoma of the oesophagus develop. The Mallory-Weiss- and the Boerhaavesyndrome are to be regarded more as indirect associated sequelae. As to the stomach haemorrhagic gastrotitides and haemorrhages from erosions of the mucous membrane, as to the intestine changes of the motility, diarrhoea and malabsorptions.
 ...
PMID:[Alcohol and the digestive tract]. 702 51

The hypothesis that reflux of upper intestinal content, particularly of bile acids (BA), is responsible for a unique postgastrectomy syndrome, alkaline reflux gastritis, was tested on 28 occasions in 21 postoperative patients (14 symptomatic patients, 7 controls). Parameters evaluated: recumbent (rec.), upright, p.c. intragastric pH, {BA}, net BA reflux per hour, specific BA fractions, fasting and p.c. gastrin, maximal acid output (MAO), gastric emptying of solids by delta-scintigraphy), and the severity of nonstomal histologic gastritis, the "gastritis score," graded 0-15 by an independent senior pathologist. For the entire group, gastritis severity correlated positively with intragastric {BA} and net BA reflux per hour, both in recumbency and p.c. Five symptomatic patients demonstrated rec. and p.c. {BA} and net BA reflux per hour greater than two standard deviations from comparable mean values in control patients. They differed significantly from the remaining symptomatic patients as follows: increased intragastric {BA} and net BA reflux per hour, increased intragastric pH and decreased MAO. They also demonstrated a more severe grade of gastritis. Lithocholic acid was present in their reflux content significantly more often. Bilious vomiting was also more frequent. No other differences could be identified, either objectively or clinically, between the symptomatic groups. Four patients with excessive reflux underwent Roux-en-Y revision and restudy 6-22 months later. BA reflux was completely abolished, histologic gastritis improved, hematocrit rose, MAO increased, and gastric emptying slowed. Burning pain, bilious vomiting, and symptoms of esophageal reflux were eliminated. Vomiting and nausea were improved. Diarrhea was unchanged. The objective criteria outlined can identify symptomatic postgastrectomy patients with a greater than normal reflux and gastritis. Clinical criteria alone cannot. Revisional surgery in these patients eliminates reflux, improves gastritis, and produces symptomatic improvement. The hypothesis under consideration is strengthened but not proven.
 ...
PMID:Alkaline reflux gastritis. An objective assessment of its diagnosis and treatment. 741 26

Patients are often referred for evaluation of a wide range of GI complaints including dysphagia, abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, constipation or diarrhoea. Many are diagnosed with 'functional' disease when endoscopy or conventional radiological studies fail to identify an anatomic cause for the patient's symptoms. In such cases nuclear medicine offers non-invasive methods for objectively demonstrating disease involving different areas of the gastrointestinal tract. Increasingly scintigraphy is playing a primary role in the evaluation of patients with suspected acute cholecystitis, active gastrointestinal bleeding, gastroparesis, and small and large bowel motility disorders. In addition, it supplements other studies when results are inconclusive in diagnosing oesophageal dysmotility, gastro-oesophageal reflux, acalculous cholecystitis, and postoperative complications of gastrointestinal surgery.
 ...
PMID:Current applicability of scintigraphic methods in gastroenterology. 777 16

Gastrointestinal and liver disorders are often observed in high performance athletes, especially those training for the increasingly popular endurance sports including the marathon and the triathlon. The disorders often start with stress before competition or training, followed by dehydration during the event. Insufficient training is an aggravating factor as are certain environmental factors including hot climate, irregular terrain and high altitude. Athletes may also consume non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, for example after a minor bone lesion or joint sprain, in an attempt to maintain their highest level of performance. Gastric signs include epigastric pain known to be caused by ischaemic gastritis resulting from decreased splanchnic flow and increased vasoconstriction in the gastric mucosa. Gastrooesophageal reflux results from modifications in sphincter tone and gastric emptying. Drinking hyperosmolar liquids also plays a role. Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, melena and uncommonly ischaemic colitis are the main signs of colic disorders. Mesenteric ischaemia may occur due to lowered splanchnic blood supply (by as much as 80% in some cases). Mechanical trauma is another mechanism; in marathon runners the "caecal slap syndrome" is a repeated microtrauma of the caecum against a hypertrophied muscular wall. Waterborne infectious agents may also lead to colic lesions. Exertion heat stroke is an emergency situation which can cause multiple organ damage and usually occurs after long intense exercise, often, but not always in a hot environment. Uncompensated thermogenesis and excessive loss of water by perspiration leads to central hyperthermia and ischaemic hepatic necrosis. Fatal liver failure has been observed. More or less severe symptoms of gastrointestinal or hepatic disorders are observed in 30% of high performance athletes and the incidence may reach 40% in those who have trained insufficiently. Such disorders lead to reduced performance in 10% of these athletes.
 ...
PMID:[Hepato-digestive disorders in athletic practice]. 802 25

Long-term follow-up studies have confirmed the efficacy and durability of properly performed operations for gastroesophageal reflux; however, a significant number of patients develop trouble-some postoperative symptoms. Recurrent acid reflux and heartburn, dysphagia, gas bloat, diarrhea, and sliding and/or paraesophageal hernias may require medical or surgical intervention. Whereas some of these problems are transient, most require complete re-evaluations, and many require reoperations, ideally performed by surgeons with experience of these complex cases.
 ...
PMID:Management of the problem patient after antireflux surgery. 807 Sep 17

During an eight month period, 22 children less than 15 years of age (mean age of three years and seven months) who underwent operative treatment of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) were selected for study. All were symptomatic and unresponsive to medical therapy. Preoperative evaluation included esophageal pH probe monitoring in 18 patients, gastric isotope emptying study in 18 patients and contrast studies of the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract in ten patients. Four children with severe neurologic disorders who required placement of a feeding gastrostomy tube underwent fundoplication without preoperative evaluation. All 22 patients had GER and 14 had documented delayed gastric emptying (greater than 60 percent residual at 90 minutes) on radionuclide scan with appropriate meal for age. Each child underwent Nissen fundoplication and tube gastrostomy. Sixteen patients also had a modified pyloroplasty with a 2.5 to 4.0 centimeter vertical seromuscular incision on the antrum. When the patients achieved a full feeding schedule (postoperative day range three to 21 days, mean of 6.2 days), they were put on a fast for six hours and an aspirate was obtained from the gastrostomy tube. Analysis of pH and bile acid content served as indicators of alkaline reflux. The six children without pyloroplasty served as the control group. Intragastric pH ranged from 1.91 to 7.00 (mean of 3.71) and bile acid content ranged from 4 to 150 micrometers per liter (mean of 62 micrometers per liter). No significant differences were seen between patients with fundoplication alone and those with fundoplication and pyloroplasty (p = 0.97 for pH; p = 0.66 for bile acid content). Two patients with pyloroplasty showed slight elevation of intragastric bile acid content at the upper limits of normal. At follow-up evaluation from nine to 23 months (mean of 18 months), all patients were asymptomatic, with only two showing rare gagging. Additionally, nine patients have had complete resolution of their pulmonary symptoms. No patients demonstrated diarrhea, gas bloat or dumping. Nissen fundoplication combined with a modified pyloroplasty or "antroplasty" for delayed gastric emptying provides excellent clinical results with minimal demonstrable bile acid reflux and no change in intragastric pH at the one and one-half year follow-up evaluation.
 ...
PMID:Assessment of alkaline reflux in children after Nissen fundoplication and pyloroplasty. 815 9

We usually use the stomach to hung up into the chest and to the neck for esophago-gastrostomy in the patients of esophageal cancer. We had studied the intrathoracic stomach function in patients after esophagectomy with isotope 99m Tc labelled 717-resin semisolid meal for scintigram. We measured the gastric emptying time (GET) and fund the GET1/2 was no difference between the preoperative group and contrast group (P > 0.05). The study indicated that GET1/2 was faster obviously in postoperative patients with pyloroplasty than without pyloroplasty (P < 0.01). It was proved that to perform pyloroplasty with esophagostomy should be used routinely for preventing the pylorospasm, dilatation of the intrathoracic stomach and gastroesophageal reflux. At the same time, we found fasting serum gastrin (FSG) was increased (P < 0.01) in patients after esophagectomy than before, but basal acid output (BAO) decreased. It indicated that vagotomy caused the BAO decreasing and PH increasing. There were some relations between high level of FSG and postoperative diarrhea.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical studies of intra-thoracic stomach function in patients after esophagectomy and reconstruction by whole stomach]. 822 3

Recent antigliadin antibody (AGA) determination has become an important diagnostic tool in coeliac disease (CD). Although this test has high sensibility for the disease, it is less specific, especially for IgG class, because of its having been found in some acute and chronic common intestinal childhood diseases. We studied the behaviour of AGA, IgA and IgG, in 234 children affected by various gastrointestinal diseases, comparing the results with those obtained in 125 coeliac children and 788 normal children. The intestinal diseases were as follows: irritable bowel syndrome, cow's milk protein intolerance, acute infectious diarrhoea, parasitosis, lactase deficiency, recurrent abdominal pain, cystic fibrosis, chronic constipation, gastroesophageal reflux, intestinal lymphangiectasia, chronic intractable diarrhoea and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. Our results showed that while AGA-IgA were absent in all children studied, with the exception of 3 cases of acute diarrhoea, a moderate percentage of AGA-IgG was observed in subjects with cow's milk protein intolerance, acute diarrhoea, irritable bowel syndrome, lactase deficiency, chronic intractable diarrhoea and in a low percentage of children with parasitosis, intestinal lymphangiectasia and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. There was no antibody movement in subjects with cystic fibrosis, gastroesophageal reflux, recurrent abdominal pains and chronic constipation. The different behaviour of the two antibody classes could be explained by the fact that AGA-IgG were detected in diseases where scattered areas of mucosal damage could allow the permeability of the macromolecules inducing passage of gliadin through the mucosal barrier and immune system-induced antibody stimulation.
 ...
PMID:[The predictive value of antigliadin antibodies (AGA) in the diagnosis of non-celiac gastrointestinal disease in children]. 834 Dec 33


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>