Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017168 (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
 11,783 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present review is concerned with the main pathophysiological, clinical and therapeutic progresses in the following fields: gastro-esophageal reflux, gastric antisecretory drugs, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, cancer of colon and esophagus, pancreatic diseases (chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic carcinoma), acute bacterial diseases of the digestive tract, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome of the adult, diffuse nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the adult small bowel.
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PMID:[The digestive system and pancreas in 1982]. 676 37

The authors report on their clinical experiences concerning 100 cases of chronic lingual tonsillitis. The surgical treatment employed was endoscopic vaporization of affected tissues with the CO2 laser. Prior to surgical intervention, predisposing conditions such as allergy, rhinosinusitis, and gastroesophageal reflux were identified and treated. The surgical technique consisted of progressive vaporization of the lymphoid tissue at the base of the tongue until the lingual fascia was reached. A slightly defocused (700 mm) continuous 10-15 W laser beam was used at a working distance of 400 mm. Following surgery, no dyspnea was observed secondary to epiglottic edema and only one patient required postoperative hemostasis. Symptoms related to tonsil or tongue inflammation were eliminated or alleviated in 87 patients, remained unchanged in 12 patients and were worse in 1 patient.
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PMID:Treatment of lingual tonsillitis by transoral CO2 laser endoscopy. 798 96

Recent antigliadin antibody (AGA) determination has become an important diagnostic tool in coeliac disease (CD). Although this test has high sensibility for the disease, it is less specific, especially for IgG class, because of its having been found in some acute and chronic common intestinal childhood diseases. We studied the behaviour of AGA, IgA and IgG, in 234 children affected by various gastrointestinal diseases, comparing the results with those obtained in 125 coeliac children and 788 normal children. The intestinal diseases were as follows: irritable bowel syndrome, cow's milk protein intolerance, acute infectious diarrhoea, parasitosis, lactase deficiency, recurrent abdominal pain, cystic fibrosis, chronic constipation, gastroesophageal reflux, intestinal lymphangiectasia, chronic intractable diarrhoea and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. Our results showed that while AGA-IgA were absent in all children studied, with the exception of 3 cases of acute diarrhoea, a moderate percentage of AGA-IgG was observed in subjects with cow's milk protein intolerance, acute diarrhoea, irritable bowel syndrome, lactase deficiency, chronic intractable diarrhoea and in a low percentage of children with parasitosis, intestinal lymphangiectasia and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. There was no antibody movement in subjects with cystic fibrosis, gastroesophageal reflux, recurrent abdominal pains and chronic constipation. The different behaviour of the two antibody classes could be explained by the fact that AGA-IgG were detected in diseases where scattered areas of mucosal damage could allow the permeability of the macromolecules inducing passage of gliadin through the mucosal barrier and immune system-induced antibody stimulation.
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PMID:[The predictive value of antigliadin antibodies (AGA) in the diagnosis of non-celiac gastrointestinal disease in children]. 834 Dec 33

Severe reactive airways disease (RAD) in children is frequently associated with gastroesophageal reflux or food allergy. However a relationship between these two confounding factors has yet to be investigated. We postulate that, in certain patients with micro-aspiration of gastric contents into the airways, food allergens sensitize T cells in the peribronchial lymphoid tissue and induce the production of food-specific IgE antibodies that sensitize airway cells. Subsequent exposure to these food allergens might then induce IgE dependent mediator release from mast cells as well as T cell and eosinophil activation, thus contributing to airway inflammation and RAD. In the current report, we describe the case of a patient with severe asthma who had food allergy and gastroesophageal reflux whose clinical findings support this hypothesis. We also provide additional evidence for a high rate of food sensitization in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), RAD and GER. We conclude that additional studies are warranted to examine the possibility that patients who have RAD and GER require an evaluation for food allergy.
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PMID:The potential role of gastroesophageal reflux in the pathogenesis of food-induced wheezing. 915 36

There are a variety of diagnostically challenging lesions in the head and neck region. Contact ulcer usually occurs within specific clinical parameters (vocal abuse, post-intubation and gastro-esophageal reflux), which should be documented in correlation with the granulation tissue-like response affecting the posterior vocal cords. Spindle squamous cell carcinoma (carcinosarcoma) presents a variably cellular spindle cell proliferation, often with surface epithelial ulceration. The clinical presentation of a firm, polypoid mass in the larynx, combined with the histomorphologic features of a spindle cell tumor, can be confirmed to be of epithelial origin when a portion of the overlying epithelium is seen to blend with the spindle cell component, or when ancillary studies authenticate the epithelial origin of the tumor. The diagnosis of a verrucous squamous cell carcinoma can only be made accurately with an accurate clinical history. The very well differentiated histologic appearance, a broad pushing border of infiltration, a bland epithelial proliferation with scant mitotic activity and "church-spire"-type keratosis coupled with the clinical presentation of a large, locally destructive lesion, can confirm the diagnosis of verrucous carcinoma. A wide variety of disorders can result in midline destructive disease clinically, but a specific etiology must be sought to provide appropriate clinical management. Angiocentric T/NK-cell lymphoma of the sinonasal tract is one such disease. The atypical lymphoid cells are usually angiocentric and angiodestructive in their growth pattern. Identification of the atypical cells in the early stages of disease may be difficult, often requiring multiple biopsies over time with the application of immunohistochemical stains or molecular studies to accurately identify the nature of the infiltrate. Cystic squamous cell carcinoma in the neck is almost always a manifestation of metastatic tumor and not a brachiogenic carcinoma. When specific histomorphologic features are noted (a large, unfilled cyst lined by a ribbon-like or endophytic growth of a "transitional"-appearing squamous epithelium with a limited degree of anaplasia), most of these tumors demonstrate primaries in Waldeyer's ring, often of a very small size. Adequate clinical work-up (pan-endoscopy, extensive radiographic imaging and random biopsies or prophylactic tonsillectomy) is mandatory in order to limit the radiation-therapy ports and to document the location of the primary, yielding an excellent long-term prognosis.
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PMID:Diagnostically challenging lesions in head and neck pathology. 933 90

Helicobacter pylori gastritis (i.e. H. pylori infection and complications) is a focus of tremendous research activity today. Besides peptic ulcer disease, a large number of reports suggest that other diseases are associated with H. pylori. The International Agency for Research on Cancer sponsored by the World Health organization classified the bacterium as a group I carcinogen in 1994. Population-based studies of H. pylori and gastric cancer in 1991 showed an increased odds ratio, of 3-6, in infected patients, and a calculation of odds ratios in different age groups showed a markedly increased odds ratio, to about 20, in younger ages. Studies of non-ulcer dyspepsia and the effect of cure of H. pylori show either none, small, or significant symptom relief, suggesting a positive effect in a subgroup of non-ulcer dyspepsia patients. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-lymphoma caused by H. pylori could be eradicated, at least in its mild forms. Barrett's ulcer is a possible H. pylori-associated disease as well as gastroesophageal reflux disease. Normal feedback in the acid regulation system is changed in infected patients, which may facilitate an increased gastroesophageal acidic reflux. Gastropathy and/or peptic ulcer due to use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs is probably aggravated by the infection. The infectious disease H. pylori gastritis is associated with a large number of complications, some of which are serious. There are no data showing any advantages of the infection. Giving anti-H. pylori therapy to infected patients should be regarded as essential.
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PMID:Are there more clinically important complications of Helicobacter pylori infection than peptic ulcer disease? A review of current literature. 984 18

The objective of this study was to determine a possible association between pharyngolaryngeal signs of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and hypertrophy of the lymphoid follicles at the base of the tongue (HBT). For this purpose, 306 patients submitted to videolaryngoscopy were studied retrospectively and classified according to the presence and size of follicles on the base of the tongue. HBT was considered to be present when the follicles prevented the view of the vallecula. The patients were grouped according to the presence of videolaryngoscopic signs of GER and further subdivided according to the presence of esophageal, pharyngolaryngeal, and esophagopharyngolaryngeal symptoms, with an attempt made to relate these symptoms to the presence of HBT. HBT was detected in 62.4% (63/101) of the patients with signs of GER and in 29.3% (60/205) of patients with no signs of GER. When HBT incidence was studied according to the symptoms reported by the patient, the condition was found to be present in 57.2% (8/14) of patients with exclusively esophageal symptoms, in 63.6% (21/33) with esophagopharyngolaryngeal symptoms, and in 75% (15/20) with exclusively pharyngolaryngeal symptoms. We conclude therefore that HBT is associated with GER.
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PMID:Effect of gastroesophageal reflux on hypertrophy of the base of the tongue. 1074 Jan 90

Helicobacter pylori infection is usually acquired during childhood, and evidence-based guidelines regarding diagnosis and treatment of infected children have been recently published. Diseases associated with H. pylori infection are gastritis, duodenal ulcers, mucosal-associated lymphoid-type (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. The association of specific symptoms with H. pylori infection in children and adults (ie, recurrent abdominal pain and nonulcer dyspepsia) remains controversial. Additionally, the role of H. pylori in gastroesophageal reflux disease or in extra-gastrointestinal diseases (ie, coronary artery disease) lacks sufficient evidence to demonstrate causality. The diagnosis of H. pylori-associated diseases in children can reliably be made through gastroduodenal endoscopy with biopsies. Clinical trials are underway for the validation of noninvasive diagnostic tests for the H. pylori-infected child, and current guidelines recommend eradication therapy for infected children with duodenal and gastric ulcer, gastric lymphoma, and atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia. The natural history of childhood H. pylori infection is poorly described. Moreover, rational approaches to the prevention and control of childhood H. pylori infection are critically needed, requiring characterization of the determinants for acquisition and persistence and the disease outcomes following eradication.
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PMID:New approaches to Helicobacter pylori infection in children. 1135 61

The management of Helicobacter pylori infection is still surrounded by controversy and uncertainties. Indications and correct application of current regimens for Helicobacter pylori infection are still considered a matter of debate. Regarding indications, only peptic ulcer and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma are considered clear indications for treatment. In other conditions, such as atrophic gastritis, post gastric cancer resection, first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients, dyspeptic patients, patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug users, the value of Helicobacter pylori eradication is still controversial. The regimens for first-line and second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection have been recommended by the Maastricht 2 Consensus Report. Although all the treatments are considered to be effective, physicians still do not agree on what first-line regimen should be used. Furthermore, a consensus on the duration of the antibiotic treatment is still lacking, although Maastricht guidelines for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection recommend a one-week therapy. Also regimens, as a third-line treatment, and methods to improve compliance and clinical outcome are still a matter of debate. All these points will be considered in the present review
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PMID:Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Indications and regimens: an update. 1192 76

This study was conducted in order to analyze the clinical manifestations, the endoscopic findings, the histology of the gastrointestinal mucosa, the treatments and the clinical course in infants who had hematemesis induced by cow milk allergy. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively. The criteria for the diagnosis of CMA included elimination of cow milk formula resulting in improvement of symptoms, specific endoscopic and histologic findings as well as the exclusion of other causes. Twenty-three infants with a diagnosis of hematemesis were analyzed, which included 20 infants with CMA and 3 infants with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In the CMA group were 12 girls and 8 boys whose ages were 4.3 +/- 1.4 months. The onset of vomiting after starting cow milk formulas was 70.6 +/- 48.9 days. Gastroduodenoscopy was performed on 15 patients showing erythema, erosion and friability of the gastric mucosa in all patients and lymphoid hyperplasia in the duodenal bulb in 7 patients. Eight patients had mild to moderate eosinophilic infiltration and 5 patients had eosinophilia. Cow milk formulas were changed to other formulas: two children were initially given extensively hydrolyzed casein formulas and later followed by a soy formula, 14 were given a soy formula and 4 were given partially whey hydrolyzed formulas. All patients showed clinical signs of improvement a few days later. Patients that were able to tolerate cow milk were 1.5 +/- 0.9 years old. During the follow-up period (2.6 +/- 1.8 years after treatment) 4 patients were diagnosed with asthma, 4 patients with chronic respiratory symptoms, 4 patients with constipation and 2 others with food allergies. CMA induced gastritis in infancy may not be classified as eosinophilic gastritis because of the low level of eosinophilic infiltration. The elimination of cow milk and subsequent substitution with a soy formula is the proper management.
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PMID:Hematemesis in infants induced by cow milk allergy. 1519 38


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