Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017168 (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
 11,783 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paradoxical vocal cord motion (PVCM) is characterized by the inappropriate adduction of the true vocal cords during inspiration. Multiple causes have been proposed for this group of disorders, which share the common finding of mobile vocal cords that adduct inappropriately during inspiration and cause stridor by approximation. Management of this group of disorders has been complicated by the lack of a classification scheme to include all types of PVCM. We propose that PVCM be classified according to its underlying etiology and recognize the following causes of the disorder: 1. brainstem compression; 2. cortical or upper motor neuron injury; 3. nuclear or lower motor neuron injury; 4. movement disorder; 5. gastroesophageal reflux; 6. factitious or malingering disorder; 7. somatization/conversion disorder. Case reports are presented to illustrate the characteristic features and diagnostic evaluation used in assessing patients with PVCM. Management varies depending on the cause of PVCM and entails speech therapy, pharmacologic therapy, behavioral modification, and/or surgical intervention. Recognition of the multiple causes of PVCM allows otolaryngologists to formulate well-directed diagnostic evaluation and treatment.
 ...
PMID:A classification scheme for paradoxical vocal cord motion. 936 85

Wheezing and dyspnoea are typical symptoms of asthma but can also be found in diseases of the extrathoracic airways. Functional upper airway obstruction may imitate, as well as complicate asthma. Functional upper airway obstruction was first described as a conversion disorder in young females with inspiratory stridor. Subsequently, it was found that functional upper airway obstruction was more often a secondary phenomenon in chronic asthma also involving the expiratory laryngeal airflow. During a period of 15 months, we diagnosed six cases of functional upper airway obstruction. Five patients were female and one male, and four were also asthmatics. Three cases showed chronic sinusitis with postnasal drip (PND) and/or gastro-oesophageal reflux. Both disorders may irritate the larynx. Treatment of sinusitis and gastro-oesophageal reflux led to a significant improvement of dyspnoea in all three of these patients. In asthma refractory to treatment and in the case of an asthmatic exacerbation without obvious cause, functional upper airway obstruction should be excluded to avoid unnecessary treatment with systemic steroids. Some of the possible causative factors of functional upper airway obstruction, such as postnasal drip and gastro-oesophageal reflux, are easily treatable.
 ...
PMID:Functional upper airway obstruction and chronic irritation of the larynx. 955 60

Around adolescence and thereafter, many cases with severe cerebral palsy have worsening of respiration and swallowing due to worsening of deformity and other factors. Appropriate management including prone positioning, naso-pharyngeal air-way, and positive pressure breathing with mask and bag or in-ex sufflator is effective for chronic respiratory disorder. Modification of posture or food texture according to the result of video-fluorographic examination may be effective for dysphagia along with intermittent oral catheterization feeding. Gastro-esophageal reflux and stasis in duodenum get worse around this age. Gastro-jejunal feeding with hand-made catheter set is useful. Cervical myelopathy and radiculopathy may be critical in athetoid type of cerebral palsy. Pseudoseizure as expression of conversion disorder should be considered especially around this age.
 ...
PMID:[Care continuity for patients with cerebral palsy during transition from childhood to adulthood]. 2007 86