Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study concerns a nosocomial rotaviral infection of a geriatric patient with clinical symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. The virological diagnosis was based on the detection of rotaviral antigens using a Rota kit, viral genome RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method, and viral particles by electron microscopy in the stool samples. Prolonged rotaviral shedding was suggested to be due to impaired natural killer cell activity, possibly together with deficiency of specific local immune response of the patient.
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PMID:Prolonged shedding of rotavirus in a geriatric inpatient. 1211 13

Ruminants are a major reservoir of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), which cause acute gastroenteritis in humans with potentially life-threatening sequelae. The mechanisms underlying EHEC persistence in ruminant hosts are poorly understood. EHEC produce several cytotoxins that inhibit the proliferation of bovine lymphocytes in vitro and influence EHEC persistence in calves, suggesting that bacterial suppression of mucosal inflammation may be important in vivo. In order to address this hypothesis, intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) obtained from ligated intestinal loops of five 9-14 day old calves were characterized 12 h after inoculation with E. coli strains. Loops were inoculated with an EHEC O103 : H2 strain, an isogenic Deltastx1 mutant incapable of producing Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) and a porcine non-pathogenic E. coli strain. The IEL mainly comprised activated CD2(+) CD3(+) CD6(+) CD8alpha(+) T cells and resembled IEL obtained from the intestinal mucosa of orally challenged calves. Forty per cent of all IEL were potentially sensitive to Stx1 in that they expressed the receptor for Stx1. Nevertheless, analysis of IEL from inoculated loops failed to detect a significant effect of the different E. coli strains on proliferative capacity, natural killer cell activity or the cytokine mRNA profile. However, the EHEC wild-type strain reduced the percentage of CD8alpha(+) T cells in the ileal mucosa compared with loops inoculated with the Deltastx1 mutant. This shift in IEL composition was not associated with inhibition of IEL proliferation in situ, since the majority of the IEL from all loops were in the G(0)/G(1) phase of the cell cycle. These studies indicate that the ligated ileal loop model will be a useful tool to dissect the mechanisms underlying suppression of mucosal inflammation by EHEC in the reservoir host.
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PMID:Phenotypic and functional characterization of intraepithelial lymphocytes in a bovine ligated intestinal loop model of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection. 1515 Mar 40