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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1922 stool specimens of children aged less than 14 years were screened for enteropathogenic bacteria over the past two years. In 24 cases Yersinia enterocolitica serovar 03 and 09, respectively, was identified. 16 of them suffered from acute gastroenteritis, 8 showed symptoms of pseudoappendicitis. All patients exhibited high agglutinin titers against the respective reference strains which were maintained for up to 4 months. All isolated strains had identical sensitivity patterns against the chemotherapeutics tested. Other enteropathogenic bacteria isolated at the same time are mentioned.
Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 1979 Dec
PMID:[Enteritis due to yersinia enterocolitica in children (author's transl)]. 51 84

Stress ulcer has become an important clinical entity and its two major complications--bleeding and perforation--are among the most baffling problems, in terms of management, in clinical practice. Perforation, though the less common of the two, is perhaps the most formidable particularly when this occurs in a very sick infant. Four such infants (cyanotic heart disease, gastroenteritis and two severe pneumonias) all developed this severe complication of their illness and after surgery two survived. Two of these infants presented with bleeding prior to perforation of their stress ulcer. The perforation diagnosis was initially not apparent and was first made after radiological examination. Clinical signs of peritonitis were absent as these infants were too sick for such signs to be elicited. All four ulcers were situated in the posterior wall of the duodenum. Two of these infants developed cardiac complications on the operating table, the cause of which was not very clear. It may have been due to the debilitation of these babies with the additional effect of anesthesia perhaps leading to myocardial toxicity. It is therefore recommended that: all sick infants on steroid therapy be placed on prophylactic antacids; abdominal girth measurements be taken frequently in sick infants to appreciate any unexplained increase in girth; such increase in abdominal girth must be evaluated with an upright abdominal x-ray; operative closure of the perforation must be simple and expedient.
Ann Surg 1979 Dec
PMID:Perforated stress ulcer in infants: a silent threat. 51 70

Breast abscess is a relatively important disease in the tropics, and yet this condition has received little attention in the literature. Breast abscess encourages artificial feeding, which in many instances may be responsible for gastroenteritis in infants. This occurs when foods are not properly prepared by mothers of low socioeconomic class with inadequate sanitation.Breast abscess occurs primarily in the lactating breast and is most commonly located in the upper half of the breast.The organism most commonly present in the pus is Staphylococcus aureus. When the abscess is localized, it may present with all the clinical features of a breast carcinoma.
J Natl Med Assoc 1979 Dec
PMID:Breast abscess. 52 85

Morbidity figures from a one-year longitudinal child health study comprising 749 children in an urban area in Ethiopia are reported. Aggregated morbidity measures, based on frequency distributions according to morbidity level, demonstrate gastroenteritis among infants and young preschool children as a quantitatively important morbidity problem. Variation in the occurrence of gastroenteritis is studied among 390 children under 5 years by means of a multi-variate method, THAID-analysis, designed for a categorical or, as in this study, a categorized criterion variable. The results indicate that variables expressing nutrition, housing, hygiene and sanitation are dominating predictors of childhood diarrhoeal disease.
Int J Epidemiol 1979 Dec
PMID:Quantity and variation in morbidity: THAID-analysis of the occurrence of gastroenteritis among Ethiopan children. 54 Nov 55

Salt dependent gram-negative bacilli responsible for gastroenteritis and tissue infections are often not recovered because proper media for isolation are not used. A salt-starch XLD agar with 1.5% NaC1 and 0.5% starch medium has been found to permit the isolation of pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae, non-Enterobacteriaceae gram-negative bacilli, and salt-dependent gram-negative bacilli, among which is Vibrio parahemolyticus. As far as the Enterobacteriaceae are concerned, the selectivity and sensitivity of the medium are the same as with standard media with the added advantage of isolating salt-dependent organisms, thereby saving time and money. It can be used for routine blood cultures, investigation of sea water, seafood and tissue infections related to marine activities.
Med Microbiol Immunol 1977 Dec 27
PMID:Salt-starch xylose lysine deoxycholate agar. A single medium for the isolation of sodium and non-sodium dependent enteric gram-negative bacilli. 60 29

The hemolytic-uremic syndrome consists of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure, and thrombocytopenia following a prodromal illness of gastroenteritis or upper respiratory infection. The syndrome can present in dramatic fashion with severe abdominal pain and signs of peritonitis suggesting an acute surgical crisis. In a series of 25 patients, 40% had abdominal pain, 25% had abdominal tenderness, and 20% had peritoneal signs. Clues to diagnosis in the early stages of the acute illness were mild to moderate hypertension, abnormal peripheral blood smear, anemia despite dehydration, and proteinuria. Significant abdominal pain and x-ray evidence of colitis may occur before development of typical laboratory findings, and these were evident in at least one case. Three patients underwent laparotomy for suspected bowel perforation. Colitis without perforation was found in all cases. In the absence of documented perforation, toxic megacolon, or intussusception, the decision to perform laparotomy in patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome who have signs of peritonitis must be individualized. Failure to recognize the underlying renal problem can lead to serious errors in fluid and electrolyte management and delay of appropriate therapy.
J Pediatr Surg 1978 Dec
PMID:Hemolytic-uremic syndrome: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma for the surgeon. 73 58

Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from a stool specimen of a patient who developed gastroenteritis after ingestion of crab meat. Recognition and identification of this halophilic microorganism was facilitated by the microscopic observation of a darting, vibrant motility in condensate derived from Kligler iron agar and the bizarre morphological aberrations noted in the condensate obtained from Christensen urea agar. Sodium chloride supplementation (1.1%) of biochemical test media revealed the halophilic nature and fermentative capability of the isolate and abolished the aberrent morphology observed in unsupplemented Christensen medium.
J Clin Microbiol 1978 Dec
PMID:Vibrio parahaemolyticus: suspicion of presence based on aberrant biochemical and morphological features. 74 3

A 6 month-old mulatto boy was admitted on account of acute gastroenteritis, malnutrition and dehydration. In the hospital, the child developed septicemia, and temperature reached up to 38.6 degrees C. Despite intensive antibiotic treatment the patient died 12 days after admission. Necropsy disclosed bilateral bronchopneumonia, bilateral fronto-parietal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and extensive necrosis of the inferior half of both cerebellar hemispheres. On histopathological examination of the necrotic cerebellar cortex, numerous sickled erythrocytes were observed in petechial hemorrhages, and, in lesser quantities, inside capillaries. Lesions of the central nervous system in sickle cell anemia most often involve the cerebral cortex, and a single extensive cerebellar infarction as present in this case seems extremely rare. The pathogenetic mechanism of the necrosis is unclear, since thrombosis was not observed either in large blood vessels or in capillaries. Possible contributory factors were the infectious condition (septicemia), fever, and anoxia caused by the extensive bronchopneumonia.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1978 Dec
PMID:[Extensive cerebellar necrosis in sickle cell anemia. Report of a case]. 75 14

Previous descriptions of paratyphoid fever (PTF) are of limited value to the clinician who has had no experience with Salmonella enteric fevers. Sixty-two cases of PTF occurred in a healthy, homogeneous population. Findings supported by the literature included a seasonal incidence, initially seen symptoms of gastroenteritis and spiking fevers, and a high percentage of positive blood cultures. Unusual findings included the rarity of rose spots, patients with fever as their only symptom, two patients with transient papilledema, and two others with peripheral blood smears suggestive of acute leukemia. The findings of this study are compared with previous reports. Likely causes for divergent and contradictory information are inclusion of data from non-PTF states and study of populations with altered states of health.
Arch Intern Med 1976 Dec
PMID:Paratyphoid fever: a report of 62 cases with several unusual findings and a review of the literature. 82 29

A study was carried out to determine whether the preexisting decline in mortality rates from infectious diseases accelerated after the introduction of antibiotic and chemotherapeutic drugs. Linear regression curves showed that in Sweden mortality rates declined faster in septicemia, syphilis, and non-memingococcal meningitis after the introduction of these drugs. By contrast, for the ten other infectious diseases studied, (scarlet fever, erysipelas, acute rheumatic fever, puerperal sepsis, meningococcal infection, bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, and acute gastroenteritis) no such accelerated decline in mortality could be detected. The findings suggest that antibiotic and chemotherapeutic drugs have not had the dramatic effect of the mortality of infectious diseases popularly attributed to them.
Am J Public Health 1976 Dec
PMID:The effect of antibiotics on mortality from infectious diseases in Sweden and Finland. 100 14


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