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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors conducted a double blind trial to determine how accurately the mothers made up the feeds provided them during the winter of 1976-77 as oral treatment for acute gastroenteritis. Parents of 73 children under 18 months of age who were suffering from acute gastroenteritis were given either sucrose (39) or glucose (34) to add to a carbohydrate electrolyte mixture. Of 36 mothers selected at random and asked how they made up the solutions, only 2 mothers appeared to sterilize or make up the feeds inadequately. The ranges of osmolality and electrolyte composition were wide: 145 to 360 mosmol/kg for the sucrose solution, and 192 to 600 for the glucose solutions. Correct osmolalities were 216 and 315 respectively. There was no correlation observed between variability and need for admission. Variance of osmolality was significantly greater in those who were admitted in the glucose-treated group (32%; p or = 0.01, F test), but not in the sucrose-treated group, suggesting that the risk of producing hyperosmolar feeds is greater when glucose solutions are incorrectly made up. Both groups had the same recovery time (2-6 days, mean 3.6) where outpatient treatment was successful. The data confirm the previous observation that sucrose was at least as effective as glucose. The authors now provide diluted electrolyte mixture to which parents only add sucrose. Sucrose mixture is effective, of low osmotic load, and is also relatively cheap. Its use in outpatient treatment of infantile acute gastroenteritis is recommended.
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PMID:Sucrose instead of glucose in electrolyte solutions. 7 79

Complement-fixing immunoglobulin M antibody to infantile gastroenteritis virus (a rotavirus) was detected with highest sensitivity when the antibody-antigen-complement mixture was incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 h prior to the addition of sensitized sheep erythrocytes. Sucrose gradient centrifugation of sera collected sequentially from four patients after infection detected 19S complement-fixing antibody up to 5 weeks, with highest titers at 1 week, after the onset of illness. Treatment of the whole sera with 2-mercaptoethanol decreased complement-fixing titers only up to 2 weeks after onset of illness.
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PMID:Complement-fixing immunoglobulin M antibody response in patients with infantile gastroenteritis. 21 23

Seventy-three children under the age of 18 months presenting with acute gastroenteritis were given an electrolyte mixture with added sucrose or glucose in a randomized double-blind trial. The time taken to recovery in those sucessfully treated as out-patients was identical. However, of the 34 who received glucose, 11 (32%) required admission compared with 7 (18%) of the 39 who received sucrose. There was a wide range of osmolality of the made-up feeds, indicating inaccuracy in diluting the solutions as prescribed, but this did not in general correlate with need for admission. Sucrose-electrolyte solution is at least as effective as a glucose-electrolyte solution for the out-patient management of acute gastroenteritis in infancy. The cheapness and easy availability of sucrose commends its use in developed and developing countries.
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PMID:Comparison of oral sucrose and glucose electrolyte solutions in the out-patient management of acute gastroenteritis in infancy. 36 31

Sugar intolerance is a common problem in paediatric practice. The usual type is lactose intolerance following gastroenteritis, but it may also occur in a wide variety of disorders of the small bowel. Diagnosis depends upon identification of reducing substances in the stools. An approach to dietary management of lactose intolerance is given and use of a carbohydrate-free formula in secondary monosaccharide intolerance is described. In each situation, threshold for digestion or absorbtion of carbohydrate is approached gradually from below, and overflow detected by Clinitest stool testing.
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PMID:Management of sugar intolerance in children. 106 91

Diarrheal diseases constitute a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in Zimbabwe. Since 1982, it has been the policy in Zimbabwe to use home-based Salt Sugar Solution (SSS) as standard Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) therapy for both prevention and management of dehydration. The recommended formula is incomplete, lacking both potassium and bicarbonate. It may not, therefore, be as efficacious as complete ORS for the prevention or correction of hypokalemia and acidosis during diarrhea. For this reason, a study was carried out at Harare Central Hospital to assess the type and prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities in dehydrated children who had previously been managed with oral salt sugar solution for acute gastroenteritis. 121 such referred patients had their serum urea and electrolytes estimated on admission prior to further management in the Unit; .38 (27.5%) cases of hypokalemia, 12 (8.9%) of hypernatremia, 52 (5.5%) of hypoatremia and 65 (45.7%) of severe acidosis (bicarbonate level 10 mmol/1) were documented. It is concluded that simple salt sugar solution is ideal for the prevention of dehydration but in cases of established dehydration the WHO complete formula is more appropriate for combating hypokalemia and severe metabolic acidosis.
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PMID:Serum electrolytes in children admitted with diarrhoeal dehydration managed with simple salt sugar solution. 345 1

Sugar intolerance occurred in 31 of 200 children admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis. In 28 this was transient and settled rapidly, but in the remaining three it indicated a more serious and persistent problem. The most important predisposing factor was viral infection, in particular with rotavirus. The current regimen for the management of sugar intolerance complicating acute gastroenteritis at this hospital is outlined.
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PMID:Sugar intolerance complicating acute gastroenteritis. 406 53