Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A survey was carried out in order to ascertain the reliable conditions for the recovery of E. coli K12 after acquisition of extrachromosomial resistance from polyresistant strains of Salmonella bredeney, responsible for a hospital outbreak of gastroenteritis. In particular in this study the length of mating, the amounts of partners in the cross-cultures, the availability of different media for selection of recipient E. coli, were controlled. It was possible to conclude that the incubation of cross-cultures during 18 hours at 37 degrees C was suitable for a greater transfer, whereas the amount of donor and recipient cells in the starting cultures was of little importance. Attempts to use synthetic media for the selective recovery of E. coli which had been made drug-resistant were not successful; instead some of lactosate media which are classically employed for the diagnosis of enterobacteria (Endo agar, Mac Conkey agar, Desoxycholate Lactose agar, Brilliant Green Bile agar, Eosin Methylene Blue agar, Violet Red Bile agar, Wurtz agar) gave satisfactory results. Among these media the two last were the best because they provided good differentiation between the prevalent Salmonella colonies and the few lactose-fermenting colonies, even in the crowded growth areas of the plates.
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PMID:[Control of the technic for recovery of E coli K12 after acquisition of R factors. Tests with various culture substrates under different mating conditions]. 35 87

Lactose intolerance due to lactase deficiency often follows acute gastroenteritis. In such situations, a lactose-free formula may be indicated for preterm infants. Therefore, the effect of addition of lactase on the lactose content and osmolality of preterm and term infant formulas was studied. Lactose content of formulas at room temperature was decreased by approximately 50% 1 hour after addition of lactase. Concentration of lactose was reduced by 70% or more after 2 hours in all formulas. Because of the higher initial lactose concentration in term formulas, it took 24 hours to reach the same absolute lactose concentration (10 g/kg formula) found in preterm formulas after 2 hours. There was a moderate increase in osmolality in preterm formulas. The increase was greater in term formulas because of the greater initial concentration of lactose. The addition of lactase appears to be a suitable method for reduction of lactose content of preterm and term formulas, although the increase in osmolality of term formulas may preclude their clinical use.
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PMID:Effect of a lactase preparation on lactose content and osmolality of preterm and term infant formulas. 194 72

The incidence and degree of incomplete lactose absorption was investigated in breast fed infants and children up to two years of age during acute gastroenteritis (GE). Lactose absorption was assessed in 50 patients by means of the hydrogen breath test (HBT), approximately 5.5 days after the admission to hospital. HBT detected incomplete lactose absorption of marked (lactose malabsorption) and probably mild degree in 8 and 6 patients respectively. Incomplete lactose absorption appeared to be transient in all 5 patients retested after discharge. HBT failed to identify 8 cases of lactose intolerance which were detected by investigation of the stools. In 31 breast fed controls of a similar age range incomplete lactose absorption of only mild degree was probably present in 2 and lactose intolerance in 1, which too was only detected by investigation of stools. During acute GE the use of HBT is appropriate to detect milder forms of incomplete lactose absorption than lactose intolerance. For the detection of lactose intolerance the measurement of pH and reducing substances in the stools remains the method of choice. The findings are in favour of the continuation of breast feeding during acute GE.
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PMID:Incomplete lactose absorption from breast milk during acute gastroenteritis. 395 71

Gastroenteritis in children is still a common reason for consulting a general practitioner and for hospital admission. Rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children and accounts for half of all hospital admissions for severe acute infectious diarrhoea. Most children with gastroenteritis do not develop dehydration and can be treated at home. Children with mild to moderate dehydration should be treated with low osmolarity oral rehydration solutions, and those with severe dehydration or shock need to be admitted for administration of intravenous fluids. Lactose-free feeds should not be routinely used after acute gastroenteritis, but there is some evidence that a lactose-free diet may reduce the duration of diarrhoea. Antimotility drugs are rarely indicated in children with gastroenteritis, as the potential risks outweigh the benefits. The development of a rotavirus vaccine would provide huge public health benefits and cost savings. Other preventive strategies include educating people about personal and food hygiene and encouraging breastfeeding.
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PMID:2. Acute infectious diarrhoea and dehydration in children. 1554 Sep 71