Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the period December 1984 to October 1988, adenoviruses (Ads) were isolated on 119 occasions (1.6%) from stool samples of patients with gastroenteritis. By DNA restriction analysis, 85 enteric adenoviruses (EAds) were identified. Sixty-seven patients with these infections were studied, of whom 18 had Ad40, 30 had Ad41 and 19 had untyped Ad infections. The incidence of Ad infection was high in children between 6 and 11 months of age. The illness was characterized by watery diarrhea (whitish in one third of patients), continuing for a mean of 4.5 days, and vomiting, which occurred more often in patients with EAds than in other types of infection. Diarrhea, fever and vomiting were seen significantly more frequently in patients with Ad40 than in Ad41 infection. Diarrhea and vomiting were also seen significantly more frequently in patients with EAds than in Ads infection. Diarrhea, fever and vomiting were observed more frequently in patients with rotavirus than EAds infection.
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PMID:Clinical features of enteric adenovirus infection in infants. 166 48

During a 16-month study period at a children's hospital, 32 children developed nosocomial gastroenteritis caused by astroviruses. Twenty-five of these occurred during 2 epidemic outbreaks in medical and surgical infants' wards. From the community, 13 confirmed cases were admitted during the study period. Both community-acquired and nosocomial cases occurred during autumn, winter and early spring. The attack rates during outbreaks ranged between 7 and 62% and were highest among children with underlying gastrointestinal diseases. Diarrhea and vomiting were the most common clinical manifestations. The median duration of symptoms was 4 days and that of virus excretion was 5 days. Hospital infection with astroviruses is common and usually affects children less than 2 years of age. The probable mode of transmission is spread via contaminated hands.
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PMID:Astroviruses as a cause of nosocomial outbreaks of infant diarrhea. 187 67

During a prospective 1-year study rotavirus isolates from 169 children with gastroenteritis were investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A total of 118 (70%) of the strains analyzed contained sufficient viral nucleic acid to give visible electrophoretic patterns; 36% were identified as strains belonging to subgroup 1 (short patterns), and 64% were identified as strains belonging to subgroup 2 (long patterns). The two subgroups cocirculated at equal frequencies during the first 7 months of the year, after which subgroup 1 rotavirus completely disappeared. Subgroup 2 rotavirus occurred throughout the year. No significant differences between the subgroups in relation to age or sex distribution were observed. Fever and temperatures exceeding 39 degrees C were significantly more frequent in children who shed rotavirus subgroup 1. Diarrhea and vomiting occurred at similar rates in both groups of patients, but were more pronounced in children who shed rotavirus subgroup 2. One of three dominant electropherotypic variants of subgroup 2 rotavirus was found to be associated with more intense symptoms, higher rates of hospitalization, and a significantly higher frequency of respiratory symptoms; the clinical picture may indicate that this rotavirus electropherotype has higher virulence.
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PMID:Clinical and epidemiological features of acute infantile gastroenteritis associated with human rotavirus subgroups 1 and 2. 300 67

The role of rotavirus in non-bacterial gastroenteritis in Kuwait was investigated. Employing electronmicroscopy (EM) and enzyme-linked-immuno-sorbent-assay (ELISA) techniques, the virus was detected in the stools of 42 of 274 (15.3%) infants with the disease. A statistically significant association (P less than 0.05) was found between virus excretion and age since 37 of 42 (88.1%) of rotavirus positive cases were aged 2-12 months. 57.1% of all rotaviruses detected were among specimens collected during the first 3 days since onset of clinical symptoms. In addition a highly significant relationship (P less than 0.01) was found between virus excretion and seasonal variation since highest virus excretion rates (76.1%) were detected in specimens collected during the autumn and early winter months, and coincided with the annual gastroenteritis season in Kuwait. Diarrhoea and vomiting were the most frequently encountered clinical symptoms being present in 92.9% and 76.2% of all rotavirus positive patients, respectively.
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PMID:Rotavirus and non-bacterial infantile gastroenteritis in Kuwait. 625 70

In order to determine the incidence, seasonal distribution and clinical characteristics of norovirus in children and analyse the genogroups of norovirus, immunochromatography was used to detect the virus in stool samples. Randomly selected subsets of samples were analysed for genogroups with a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. Seasonal distribution of norovirus, symptoms, physical and laboratory findings of patients and treatment models were evaluated retrospectively in 2009. In all, norovirus was examined in 520 stool samples. The infection rate was 9.6% (50/520) among patients of acute gastroenteritis in 2009. The virus was mostly detected in the first 24 months of life (50%). Gastroenteritis with norovirus was most frequently found in February, May, July and September. The main symptoms were diarrhoea (100%) and vomiting (95.5%). In some patients affected by norovirus infection higher urine density, ketonuria and high CRP levels were observed. Antiemetic drugs and intravenous fluid-electrolyte therapy were given to 37 (84%) and 26 (59%) of patients, respectively. Hospitalisation was required in 11 patients (25%). All the randomly selected 28 samples (100%) had norovirus genogroup II. In conclusion, norovirus (genogroup II) mostly affected children in the first two years of life and was more frequently observed in February, May, July and September of 2009. Diarrhoea and vomiting were the most frequent symptoms. Antiemetic drugs, intravenous fluid-electrolyte therapy and hospitalisation were usually required in these patients.
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PMID:Annual report on norovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis in 2009 and their genotypes in Turkey. 2433 56