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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Stress ulcer has become an important clinical entity and its two major complications--bleeding and perforation--are among the most baffling problems, in terms of management, in clinical practice. Perforation, though the less common of the two, is perhaps the most formidable particularly when this occurs in a very sick infant. Four such infants (cyanotic heart disease, gastroenteritis and two severe pneumonias) all developed this severe complication of their illness and after surgery two survived. Two of these infants presented with bleeding prior to perforation of their stress ulcer. The perforation diagnosis was initially not apparent and was first made after radiological examination. Clinical signs of peritonitis were absent as these infants were too sick for such signs to be elicited. All four ulcers were situated in the posterior wall of the duodenum. Two of these infants developed cardiac complications on the operating table, the cause of which was not very clear. It may have been due to the debilitation of these babies with the additional effect of anesthesia perhaps leading to myocardial toxicity. It is therefore recommended that: all sick infants on steroid therapy be placed on prophylactic antacids; abdominal girth measurements be taken frequently in sick infants to appreciate any unexplained increase in girth; such increase in abdominal girth must be evaluated with an upright abdominal x-ray; operative closure of the perforation must be simple and expedient.
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PMID:Perforated stress ulcer in infants: a silent threat. 51 70

The authors report the results of a prospective survey concerning the children examined in the pediatric emergency ward of the Lenval's hospital in Nice. The study was conducted over a period of 124 days, one month of each season, and included 3,611 children. There was a majority of boys (60.8%) and children older than 7 years (56.8%). The representation of foreign children was 11.2%. Most of the consultations were decided by the parents (86%); 6.2% were sent by a general practitioner and 1.1% by a pediatrician; 6.5% were conveyed through a professional public health service transport. Traumatology was the main surgical etiology and supplied the large majority of benign cases and 23% of the emergencies. Upper respiratory and bronchopulmonary tract infections and gastroenteritis represented 70% of medical etiologies. A complementary investigation, essentially a radiological examination, was carried out in 53.6% of cases. A wound suture was performed in 13% and a plaster immobilization in 9.2% of cases. The hospitalisation's rate was 22%. Emergencies represented 1.8% of cases. A surgical intervention with general anesthesia was performed in 4.4% of cases within 12 hours following the admission. A recent law (ministerial circular: 14.05, 1991) defines the organisation and working principles of the public emergency departments in France as requiring an uninterrupted activity, a continuous medical presence and an area for very short hospitalization. This should improve the quality of the pediatric emergency wards, providing that the financial means will be available.
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PMID:[Activity of pediatric emergency departments in 1991]. 133 47

The role of a critical care unit in life-threatening situations is well established. The management of 52 children with acute gastroenteritis and 22 children with acute paralytic poliomyelitis as part of recent epidemics is described. The solutions to the problems in the critical care management of these 74 victims (out of a total of 6197 patients admitted during the epidemics) are discussed.
Anaesthesia 1991 Jan
PMID:The role of a critical care unit in an epidemic. 199 59

Beriberi is a disease caused by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. Peripheral and central nerve involvement causes psychosis and memory loss as well as cardiocirculatory effects. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman 8 weeks pregnant who came to the emergency department after bouts of nausea and vomiting over a period of 6 days, with intolerance of both solids and liquids. The initial diagnosis of gastroenteritis was later changed to hyperemesis gravidarum. Episodes of vomiting and nausea continued 48 hours after admission, accompanied by vertical nystagmus, ataxia, and diminished osteotendinous reflexes. Evaluation of the clinical picture confirmed vitamin B1 deficiency, leading to a diagnosis of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Symptoms improved with thiamine therapy but did not entirely disappear. The patient was admitted for elective cesarean section at 37 weeks' gestation. Examination revealed neurological involvement (horizontal and vertical nystagmus) and general anesthesia was therefore chosen to assure adequate hemodynamic control given the possibility of cardiocirculatory alteration.
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PMID:[Anesthetic management for elective cesarean section for a woman with beriberi]. 1739 Jun 94

A 14-year-old autistic boy presented with acute gastroenteritis and hypotension. The electrocardiogram showed a ventricular fibrillation rhythm - he went into cardiorespiratory arrest and was immediately resuscitated. On investigation, the electrocardiogram showed a partial right bundle branch block with a "coved" pattern of ST elevation in leads v(1)-v(3). A provisional diagnosis of Brugada syndrome was made, for which an automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) implantation was advised. Although the automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation is usually performed under sedation, because this was an autistic child, he needed general anaesthesia. We performed the procedure uneventfully under general anaesthesia and he was discharged after a short hospital stay.
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PMID:General anaesthesia for insertion of an automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator in a child with Brugada and autism. 2122 76