Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For a minimum of one month (mean, 54 days), 287 infants and children less than 8 years of age were fed an isolated soy-protein formula. Prior to entry into the study, a cow's milk formula was being fed to 71%, a soy formula to 9%, and cow's milk or other formulas to 20%. Intolerance to cow's milk was reported in 35% of the patients, symptoms indicative of cow's milk intolerance in 23%, diarrhea or gastroenteritis in 18%, a family history of allergy in 13%, and insufficient weight gain, intolerance to other formulas, or constipation in 11%. The patients showed normal increases in weight and length during the study. A significant decrease in the following symptoms were reported in the patients from before to after treatment: abdominal cramps, bloating or gas, colic, diarrhea, fussiness, rashes or eczema, spitting up, waking up crying at night, wheezing, and vomiting. It is concluded that, while receiving soy formula, infants and children continued to thrive normally and that the formula was well tolerated. After receiving soy formula, the frequency of undesirable feeding-related symptoms was reduced in the majority of infants and children.
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PMID:Tolerance of a soy formula by infants and children. 161 46

The diagnosis of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy was considered in 303 infants aged less than 1 year, who presented with one or more of the following symptoms: acute reaction related to cow's milk proteins (CMP) ingestion, severe colics, persisting vomiting, protracted diarrhea with or without blood and mucus, failure to thrive, eczema, respiratory symptoms, such as chronic rhinitis and wheezing. A diagnosis of CMPA was confirmed in 148 cases (60%): 125 relapsed on milk challenge, 23 were not challenged because of acute reactions at onset, presence of specific IgE (RAST and prick), and improvement on milk free diet. Familial atopy, familial history of CMPA and previous acute gastroenteritis were significantly more frequent in cases than in 191 age matched controls. Breast feeding was not more common or of longer duration in controls, compared to cases. Mean IgE serum levels were higher (46.3 U/ml) in cases than in controls (17 U/ml), while specific Cow's Milk Protein IgE were found in 71/148 cases (48%). 15 infants entered the study while on breast milk, because of the confirmed relation between their symptoms and CMP on the maternal diet. These infants had a higher prevalence of IgE mediated problems. All cases improved on a milk free diet but in 26 (17.8%) a further modification of the diet was required after the first prescription. Milk challenge was monitored by simple laboratory tests: all cases who had symptoms on challenge showed at least one test modification. Six infants, with no history of acute reaction, showed severe self-limited clinical symptoms at challenge. Key words: cow's milk allergy, milk, allergy, prick test, eczema, diarrhea.
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PMID:Cow's milk allergy in the first year of life. An Italian Collaborative Study. 307 Oct 78

Enteric types of adenovirus have recently been identified as a causative agent of infantile gastroenteritis. We utilized enzyme immunoassay and tissue culture techniques to evaluate prospectively the role of ET Ad in diarrhea occurring in hospitalized infants. We found that ET Ad was associated with 14 of 27 cases of diarrhea occurring during a 12-week study period in the late autumn and early winter months; ET Ad was found in the stool of only one of 72 children without diarrhea (P less than 0.001). Although adenoviruses other than ET Ad were found in the stools of two of the 27 children with diarrhea, such viruses were also found in the stools of five of 72 children without diarrhea and thus could not be statistically correlated with acute gastroenteritis. Children infected with ET Ad had diarrhea for a mean of 8.0 days, compared to a mean duration of 4.2 days for the children with gastroenteritis not associated with ET Ad. Thirteen of the 14 children with ET Ad gastroenteritis had respiratory symptoms such as cough, rhinorrhea, or wheezing, six had roentgenographic evidence of pneumonia, and three children had bilateral conjunctivitis. This study documents that ET Ad can be an important cause of acute gastrointestinal disease in hospitalized infants and young children and that gastrointestinal infections with ET Ad can be associated with a high rate of respiratory disease.
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PMID:Gastroenteritis associated with enteric type adenovirus in hospitalized infants. 628 53

During the study's first stage, 284 homeless people from crisis and long-term accommodation sites were surveyed using stratified, systematic sampling. The second stage involved a survey of a convenience sample of 100 homeless people from squats and the streets. Participants completed a questionnaire, Mantoux testing was performed and blood taken for gamma-interferon assay, liver and renal function tests. The group's health status was poor, with 72% experiencing medical conditions in the preceding two years and 77% symptoms in the month prior to interview. Bronchitis, asthma and gastroenteritis were the most commonly reported conditions; productive and persistent coughing, shortness of breath and wheezing the commonest symptoms. Twenty-one per cent had Mantoux reactions 15 mm or greater, 28% a raised GGT and 19% a raised ALT. Seventy-seven per cent smoked, 74% were current drinkers, 28% had injected drugs at some time in their lives and 14% were regularly injecting drugs. Forty-four per cent had experienced mental illness, 49% of whom reported depression and 15% schizophrenia. Homeless people in Melbourne have poor health status and engage in behaviours that place their health at risk. The high number of respiratory and gastro-intestinal complaints, the high level of cigarette smoking and injecting drug use (IDU) and the proportion likely to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) are all issues with important health consequences. Participants recruited from the street had significantly poorer health and engaged in more risk behaviours than those from accommodation sites; those from the accommodated sample were more likely to be infected with Mtb.
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PMID:Health indicators and risks among people experiencing homelessness in Melbourne, 1995-1996. 965 74

Rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections represent up to 30% of the totality of nosocomial infections in paediatric wards. We studied the importance of these infections in the paediatric wards of the University Hospital Center of Poitiers, France, from October 1996 to September 1998. We defined as nosocomial an infection acquired after 3 days of hospitalization for rotavirus and after 7 days for RSV. The 274 cases of children presenting rotavirus gastroenteritis or RSV infection within this period were studied. Rotavirus was detected in stools by using an agglutination test and RSV was diagnosed in nasopharyngeal aspirations by direct examination with an immunofluorescence assay (IFA), cell culture and serotyping with IFA. We noted 50 rotavirus and 224 RSV infections, with a first epidemic of RSV subgroup B (49.5%) and a second epidemic of subgroup A (44.9%). 19 (38%) were rotavirus nosocomial infections and 5 (2.2%) were RSV nosocomial infections. The majority of the nosocomial infections occurred before the age of one year and particularly before the age of 6 months (42.2% for rotavirus, 60% for RSV). In comparison to community-acquired infections, children with rotavirus nosocomial infections were younger (9 months versus 12.5 months) which was the opposite for RSV nosocomial infections (10.8 months versus 6.5 months). The sex-ratio of children with community-acquired infections was 2.1 that was not reported in nosocomial infections. The length of stay in hospital was always longer in nosocomial infections (11.7 days versus 3.6 days for rotavirus; 38.8 days versus 4.8 days for RSV). Diarrhea (p = 0.007) and vomiting (p = 0.013) for enteric infections and wheezing (p = 0.02) for respiratory infections were more often observed in community-acquired infections. This study emphasizes the frequency and the consequences of rotavirus and RSV nosocomial infections in paediatric wards and the importance of the hygienic rules to prevent these infections.
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PMID:[Nosocomial infections due to rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric wards: a 2-year study]. 1102 3

Adenovirus infections mimic bacterial infections on initial presentation in healthy children, leading to higher likelihood of hospital admission. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with hospital admission in previously healthy children with adenovirus infection. This is a retrospective study of 125 previously healthy children, who tested positive with direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) for adenoviral infection at our center between January 2001 and October 2007. The primary outcome of the study was the need for hospital admission. The relationship between clinical variables at initial emergency room (ER) presentation and need for hospital admission were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. The model's predictive value was investigated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test. On stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis, the presence of respiratory distress (odds ratio [OR]: 5.6; p = 0.014), acute gastroenteritis (OR: 3.8; p = 0.019) and wheezes at initial presentation (OR: 6.5; p = 0.003) at the time of initial presentation in the ER were associated with need for hospital admission. For this model, the area under the ROC curve was 0.79, and there was no evidence of lack of fit on Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (p = 0.56). Our study identifies three risk factors, namely, respiratory distress, wheezing and acute gastroenteritis, associated with hospital admission for healthy children with adenoviral infections.
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PMID:Risk factors associated with hospital admission among healthy children with adenovirus infection. 2238 81