Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastroenteritis and food poisoning caused by several Salmonella serotypes are frequently observed in many countries. In particular, S. typhimurium has been found ranking first that put forward the question whether S. typhimurium can be characterized by distinct biological properties. In this paper attempts to characterized 378 Salmonella strains according to their enterotoxigenicity by means of the vascular permeability factor (PF) have been summarized. PF-positive strains are common among all Enteritis-Salmonellae, in particular among S. typhimurium. This serotype is also found with quantitative strongest PF activity. PF-positive strains are found to be active producers of exo-enterotoxins, which have been characterized as LT-enterotoxins by other assays, too. Since the capacity of Enteritis-Salmonellae to produce enterotoxins is in accordance with their clinical and epidemiological importance, the determination of the PF-factor as a rapid screening assay for enterotoxigenicity is proposed in this paper in order to survey epidemiological and clinical significant Salmonellae.
 ...
PMID:Enterotoxigenicity among salmonellae--a prospective analysis for a surveillance programme. 34 70

The hemolytic-uremic syndrome consists of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure, and thrombocytopenia following a prodromal illness of gastroenteritis or upper respiratory infection. The syndrome can present in dramatic fashion with severe abdominal pain and signs of peritonitis suggesting an acute surgical crisis. In a series of 25 patients, 40% had abdominal pain, 25% had abdominal tenderness, and 20% had peritoneal signs. Clues to diagnosis in the early stages of the acute illness were mild to moderate hypertension, abnormal peripheral blood smear, anemia despite dehydration, and proteinuria. Significant abdominal pain and x-ray evidence of colitis may occur before development of typical laboratory findings, and these were evident in at least one case. Three patients underwent laparotomy for suspected bowel perforation. Colitis without perforation was found in all cases. In the absence of documented perforation, toxic megacolon, or intussusception, the decision to perform laparotomy in patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome who have signs of peritonitis must be individualized. Failure to recognize the underlying renal problem can lead to serious errors in fluid and electrolyte management and delay of appropriate therapy.
 ...
PMID:Hemolytic-uremic syndrome: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma for the surgeon. 73 58

A patient in whom Salmonella typhimurium infection caused a localised colitis is described. Colitis has been demonstrated in experimental animals infected with S. typhimurium and noted at post mortem in patients dying from S. typhimurium infection. However colitis is an infrequently recognised feature of this infection in man, the usual diagnosis being one of gastroenteritis. There have been four other cases reported with radiological evidence of colonic involvement due to salmonella infection. Colitis probably occurs more frequently than is usually recognised in this condition and must be distinguished from ulcerative colitis.
 ...
PMID:Salmonella typhimurium colitis. 79 82

Intragastric bacterial colonization is well known in pernicious anaemia (PA), but its consequences have rarely been investigated. We have studied the clinical history, blood samples, and endoscopic biopsies from the stomach and duodenum of 80 patients with PA. In a random subgroup of 22 patients gastric juice was collected for aerobic culture and for estimation of nitrate, nitrate-reducing bacteria, nitrite, and N-nitrosamines; duodenal juice was studied in parallel in eight of these subjects. Gastric and duodenal juice had high bacterial counts; faecal organisms were found in 14 patients. The mean count of nitrate-reducing bacteria was significantly higher than in a control group of patients with peptic ulcer disease (p less than 0.001), as was the nitrite concentration (p less than 0.001). Thirty-three of the 80 patients had gastric dysplasias; 1 early gastric carcinoma was also found. Duodenitis was present in 39 out of 80 cases, in 6 associated with partial villous atrophy. A history of malabsorption and/or chronic intermittent diarrhoea was obtained significantly more often from patients with duodenitis. Four patients developed acute gastroenteritis shortly before or during the time of the study, two having a salmonella infection. Bacterial overgrowth in PA may be facilitated by altered immunological conditions, since low serum levels of IgA and IgG were found in this patient group.
 ...
PMID:Pernicious anaemia, intragastric bacterial overgrowth, and possible consequences. 674 Feb 11