Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of eosinophilic gastroenterocolitis in a 2-year-old child with extensive fibrosis, atrophy of the muscularis propria and involvement of stomach, small bowel and colon. Following an attack of acute gastroenteritis at the age of 15 months the symptoms of ileus persisted. A biopsy of small bowel at the age of 18 months showed numerous eosinophilic granulocytes in the mucosa. At the age of 28 months the child died with paralytic ileus. This is the first case known to us of an eosinophilic gastroenteritis in early childhood with a fatal outcome.
 ...
PMID:Fatal eosinophilic gastroenterocolitis in a two-year-old child. 16 Jun 65

The most frequently observed of the symptomatic hypereosinophilias are those caused by allergic, cutaneous, parasitic, infectious, pulmonary and gastroenteric conditions. Among the allergic conditions, particular attention is paid to the hypereosinophilias caused by allergic asthma, gastroenteritis and reactions to drugs. The most common skin conditions linked to hypereosinophilias such as bullous dermatites and angio-oedema are considered. Turning to the parasitic conditions, the various types of parasite that may produce hypereosinophilias by infesting the organs are examined. The aetiology of tropical eosinophilias and the pathogenetic mechanism that may trigger hypereosinophilias are discussed. It has been thought advisable to group the lung pathologies associated with hypereosinophilias under a separate heading, despite the indubitable importance of the allergic element in these events. Among gastroenteric conditions, the one considered is eosinophilic gastroenteritis whose clinical, anatomopathological and aetiopathogenic features are still not quite clear. Examples of certain forms of secondary hypereosinophilias are given in the form of four unusual personal cases of bronchial asthma, filariasis, an exceptional infestation by Hypoderma bovis and eosinophilic gastroenteritis.
 ...
PMID:[Blood hypereosinophilias. III. Symptomatic hypereosinophilias: allergic, cutaneous, parasitic, infective, pulmonary and gastro- intestinal diseases]. 401 Oct 9

A young woman experienced twice in eight years acute, self-limited episodes of gastroenteritis with marked eosinophilia, each one associated with or triggered by a normal delivery. This patient had a normal gastric mucosal biopsy, thus lacking one of the major criteria required by previous authors for the definition of eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Nevertheless, it is our belief that this case does represent a milder and more benign form of the very same syndrome, associated in a dubious way with labour.
 ...
PMID:Recurrent post-partum gastroenteritis with eosinophilia. 721 46

With worldwide use of oral rehydration solutions, the treatment of acute diarrhea does not pose much of a problem. However, chronic diarrhea is still harmful, especially for the growth and development status of the children. Between January 1993 to December 1996, patients who suffered from chronic diarrhea for more than one month duration and admitted to Dr. Sami Ulus Children's Hospital were evaluated for epidemiological and etiologic factors. Seventy consecutive patients were evaluated. The mean age was 40.8 months and 52% were males. Malnutrition was detected in 80% of cases. Etiologic factors included celiac disease 30%, cow milk allergy 17%, bacterial and parasitic factors 26%, cystic fibrosis 10% and postinfectious gastroenteritis 10%. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, chronic nonspecific diarrhea, pseudo-obstruction, neurofibromatosis and inflammatory bowel disease were rarely detected. Celiac disease and cow milk allergy were implicated as the most common causes of chronic diarrhea. The vicious cycle of faulty nutrition, malnutrition and infection and postinfectious enteropathy were also significant factors in the etiology of chronic diarrhea. It may be considered that cow milk protein prick test, sweat test, immunologic tests and mucosal biopsies should be performed for the definite diagnosis of chronic diarrhea.
 ...
PMID:Etiology of chronic diarrhea. 1079 25

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is an uncommon disease with an unknown natural history, and its relation to digestive allergies has not been confirmed. This study reports the case of a 27 year old patient who developed eosinophilic gastroenteritis with gastric, intestinal, rectal and peritoneal localisations. In the Congo, massive blood hypereosinophilia suggests digestive parasitosis and gastroenteritis with malnutrition and cutaneous symptoms suggest AIDS/HIV, making the present agnosis uncommon.
 ...
PMID:[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a tropical area: report of a Congolese case]. 1629 64

Eosinophils are important effector cells of the innate immune system. Eosinophilic infiltrative disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, though recognised for decades, have recently witnessed a resurgence of interest, particularly for oesophageal disease. A more comprehensive basis for eosinophilic infiltration and activation has identified interleukin 5 (IL5) as a key cytokine for the differentiation and proliferation of eosinophils, while eotaxins promote the recruitment of mature eosinophils to the gut. When activated, eosinophils release multiple cytotoxic agents and immunomodulatory cytokines, resulting in local inflammation and tissue damage. Although eosinophils normally convey a defence against unwanted interlopers such as parasites, in the absence of such inciting agents, their accumulation and activation can elicit the primary infiltrative disorders of the gut: eosinophilic oesophagitis, gastroenteritis and colitis. Diagnosis of these disorders is dependent on the clinical presentation, endoscopic findings (particularly for eosinophilic oesophagitis), and most importantly, histological confirmation. Dietary modifications and topical corticosteroids are first-line treatments for eosinophilic oesophagitis. Systemic corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for eosinophilic gastroenteritis; surgery may be required depending on the layer of mucosa involved. Eosinophilic colitis most often occurs in infants; removal of the causative allergen usually results in a complete response. Steroids may be required for older children/adolescents or adults. This review summarises current knowledge on the trafficking of eosinophils to the gastrointestinal tract and the clinical management of the primary disorders of eosinophilic oesophagitis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis and eosinophilic colitis.
 ...
PMID:Primary eosinophilic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. 2020 51

We encountered a very rare case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis accompanied with fasciitis of the extremities. The patient was a 28-year-old woman with epigastralgia, eosinophilia plus leukocytosis, massive pleural effusion and ascites, and thickening of the walls of the intestine. Increase of the eosinophilic fraction in her ascites led to a diagnosis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis. She soon developed resting pain in all limbs and MRI revealed fasciitis. Prednisolone was effective in treating both gastroenteritis and fasciitis.
 ...
PMID:[A case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis accompanied with fasciitis of the extremities]. 2138 66

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the digestive organs, most commonly of the stomach and the duodenum. Symptoms of EGE are nonspecific and include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, malabsorption, ascites and weight loss. The various symptoms of EGE depend on its location and the depth of gastrointestinal eosinophil infiltration. We report a case presenting with acute pancreatitis caused by a milk allergy. The patient's symptoms rapidly improved after treatment with corticosteroids, and he remained symptom-free for more than 20 months by the elimination of cow's milk from his diet. Serum titers of pancreatic enzymes and total bilirubin simultaneously recovered and blood eosinophil counts normalized. The causative allergens of EGE are too various to detect; however, allergologic exams revealed that a cow's milk allergy had provoked EGE in our case. Adult-onset cow's milk allergies are rare; when seen, however, they may present severe complications such as anaphylaxis, gastroenteritis and pancreatitis. When unaccountable gastrointestinal symptoms are observed, EGE caused by food allergies should be included in the differential diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Eosinophilic gastroenteritis due to cow's milk allergy presenting with acute pancreatitis. 2262 71

The intestinal mucosa is constantly facing a high load of antigens including bacterial antigens derived from the microbiota and food. Despite this, the immune cells present in the gastrointestinal tract do not initiate a pro-inflammatory immune response. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors expressed by various cells in the gastrointestinal tract, including intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and resident immune cells in the lamina propria. Many diseases, including chronic intestinal inflammation (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), allergic gastroenteritis (e.g., eosinophilic gastroenteritis and allergic IBS), and infections are nowadays associated with a deregulated microbiota. The microbiota may directly interact with TLR. In addition, differences in intestinal TLR expression in health and disease may suggest that TLRs play an essential role in disease pathogenesis and may be novel targets for therapy. TLR signaling in the gut is involved in either maintaining intestinal homeostasis or the induction of an inflammatory response. This mini review provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding the contribution of intestinal epithelial TLR signaling in both tolerance induction or promoting intestinal inflammation, with a focus on food allergy. We will also highlight a potential role of the microbiota in regulating gut immune responses, especially through TLR activation.
...
PMID:Regulation of Intestinal Immune Responses through TLR Activation: Implications for Pro- and Prebiotics. 2460 Apr 50

Eosinophils play a crucial role in the inflammatory response in conjunction with both innate and adaptive immunity. Eosinophils have long been recognized as inflammatory leukocytes that are particularly important in patients with parasitic infestations. However, recent studies in veterinary medicine demonstrate a number of canine eosinophilic gastrointestinal (GI) disorders unrelated to a parasitic infestation. Although the underlying pathophysiology behind eosinophilic infiltration of the canine GI tract remains uncertain, medical intervention aiming to decrease the activation of eosinophils seems effective in reducing symptoms and preventing organ damage. This review focuses on the biology of eosinophils and their products. It describes, the composition of eosinophil granules, mechanisms of eosinophil activation, and eosinophil-related disease processes leading to organ damage. Even though the main clinical signs of canine eosinophilic gastroenteritis, vomiting and diarrhea, are similar to those of other types of gastroenteritis, the clinical response and prognosis are worse for this condition. The clinical signs and diagnostic approach for eosinophilic GI disorders are described and compared between canine and human patients for each region of GI tract, from the esophagus to the colon. Moreover, the current treatments for this syndrome in canine and human patients are summarized and paralleled. The comparative study of canine and human patients with eosinophilic gastroenteritis will advance the understanding of this syndrome in both species and may lead to the development of novel treatment strategies.
...
PMID:Canine eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders. 2481 42


1 2 Next >>