Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examined variation in infant mortality rates (IMRs) in the Western Cape Regional Service Council (WCRSC) area of South Africa between Blacks and Whites, places of residence, and levels of urbanization. Data were obtained from the vital registration reports to the WCRSC for the 2 years ending in December 31, 1992 and 1993. Data were obtained from both registration and notification forms. Data on Asians were excluded. Areas included informal settlements of closely spaced shack housing, mixed areas of informal housing, urban formal areas, rural farming areas, and rural towns. IMR for Blacks in informal settlements was compared to recent survey data. Findings indicate that most Blacks lived in informal settlements. Most Whites and Coloreds lived in urban areas. Coloreds also lived on farms and in rural towns. IMR was highest among Coloreds living in informal settlements and rural areas and among Blacks living in informal settlements. The lowest IMR was among Whites and Coloreds in urban areas. Standardized mortality rates and standard mortality ratios showed different patterns. IMR estimates were similar in 1992 and 1993 for Blacks and Whites. IMR increased significantly between 1992 and 1993 for Coloreds. Over 20% of rural deaths were due to ill-defined causes. Among all residential areas, except rural farming areas, low birth weight was a major cause of IMR. In rural farming areas, the leading causes of death were gastroenteritis (12%) and pneumonia (14%). These causes were prominent in informal areas and were, respectively, 18% and 10%. In urban formal areas, pneumonia caused 12% of infant deaths. Congenital anomalies caused 7% of deaths, and 5% of deaths were due to perinatal infections. In mixed areas, the proportion of infant mortality was 13% for congenital anomalies, 9% for pneumonia, and 10% for gastroenteritis. Coloreds had significantly more low-birth-weight babies in most residential areas.
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PMID:Infant mortality rate inequalities in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. 892 82