Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bacterial and viral causes of acute diarrhoea were studied prospectively for one year in 343 hospitalised young children in Kuwait. In 288 (84%) patients, one or more pathogens were identified compared with 12 of 86 (13.9%) children admitted with diseases other than diarrhoea (p less than 0.01). Forty-four (12.9%) of the patients were infected with two or more pathogens. Viral agents detected in the stools were rotaviruses (40.2%), enteric adenoviruses (1.7%), and enteroviruses (1.5%). Enterobacteria were isolated from the stools of 44% of the patients as follows: Salmonella (18.0%), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) (17.5%), enterotoxigenic E. coli (6.7%), Shigella (5.0%), Campylobacter jejuni (2.3%), Vibrio cholerae non-01 (2.3%), Yersinia enterocolitica (1.5%), and Aeromonas hydrophila (0.9%). The incidence of diarrhoea in children showed two seasonal peaks: during March-May and October-November. The present study indicates that Salmonella and EPEC are the major causes of bacterial gastroenteritis, while rotaviruses are the main cause of viral gastroenteritis in young children in Kuwait.
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PMID:Bacterial and viral causes of acute diarrhoea in children in Kuwait. 263 40

It is stated that social and scientific progress in the course of evolution gives rise to marked changes in infectious pathology. The changes are obvious from reduced incidence of epidemic diseases, distinct clinical appearance of infection, different cyclic pattern of a number of nosological entities. Such newly recognized diseases as hemorrhagic fever, adenovirus and herpes virus infections, yersiniosis, rotavirus gastroenteritis, legionellosis, AIDS have advanced to the forefront. Previously unknown affections are likely to emerge in various areas of the world and become prevalent in extreme conditions. In addition to virological and immunological examinations, differential diagnosis of the above infections should include a comprehensive analysis of medical histories and clinicoepidemiological evidence in order to provide early detection, hospitalization, high therapeutic response.
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PMID:[Experience in the differential diagnosis of infectious diseases]. 281 Dec 5

Virulent strains of Yersinia enterocolitica cause disease syndromes ranging from mild gastroenteritis to lymphadenitis and septicemia. The ability of these bacteria to invade intestinal epithelial cells to gain access to the reticuloendothelial system is thought to be an important aspect of their virulence. We report here on the cloning of two Y. enterocolitica chromosomal loci, inv and ail, each of which confers an invasive phenotype on Escherichia coli HB101. The inv locus allows a uniformly high level of invasion in several tissue culture lines and is homologous to the inv gene of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The second locus, ail, shows more host specificity than inv in that it allows invasion to a variable degree of some cell lines (e.g., HEp-2, HEC1B, and CHO cells) but allows no invasion of others (e.g., Madin-Darby canine kidney cells).
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PMID:Evidence for two genetic loci in Yersinia enterocolitica that can promote invasion of epithelial cells. 283 44

To determine the risk factors for Yersinia enterocolitica (YE) infection in Belgium, which is the country with the highest incidence of this infection, 40 persons with YE infections due to serotype O:3 (n = 36) or O:9 (n = 4) were compared with matched controls. Most patients had acute gastroenteritis; 1 had a liver abscess. 20% were admitted to hospital; the mean duration of hospital stay was 9 days. YE infection was strongly associated with eating raw pork in the 2 weeks before onset (odds ratio = 12, p = 0.00002), a factor that accounted for 58% of the YE infections studied. 14 (18%) of 79 families surveyed at a well-baby clinic fed their children raw pork from a median age of 18 months. Specific control measures to reduce contamination and consumption of raw pork may reduce the incidence of YE infections.
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PMID:Yersinia enterocolitica infections and pork: the missing link. 288 53

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) associated with Yersinia enterocolitica gastroenteritis is reported in a 6-year-old girl. Y. enterocolitica of biotype 03 was isolated from the patient's initial stool sample and was subsequently identified as serotype 03 based on the rising agglutinin titres. This paper shows that yersiniosis should be suspected as a possible cause of HUS, and investigations should include the measurement of serum agglutinin titres against antigen preparations of the genus Yersinia.
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PMID:Haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with Yersinia enterocolitica infection. 315 31

Between April 1980 to December 1984 we undertook a study on the epidemiology of pathogenic Yersinia. Stool specimens from 5.199 patients with acute gastroenteritis were studied and Y. enterocolitica biotype 4 serotype 3 was isolated in 42 cases (0.8%). The serological response was studied in 21 of these patients. Faecal specimens from 784 non-laboratory animals were also studied. The only pathogenic isolates from these animals were seven strains of Y. enterocolitica biotype 4 serotype 3 from six pigs and one dog and one strain of Y. pseudotuberculosis from a pig. The search of pathogenic Yersinia in 424 samples form row foods allowed the isolation of eight strains of Y. enterocolitica serotype 3 and one strain of Y. pseudotuberculosis from pig's tongue.
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PMID:Epidemiology of Yersiniae in Barcelona, Spain. 326 96

By auramine and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, cryptosporidial oocysts were found in the stools of 31 (1.36%) out of 2,367 patients with diarrhoea. All specimens were also tested for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and Rotavirus. Among these patients, 432 were children and 24 (5.5%) of them were positive for cryptosporidia. All children infected with cryptosporidia were immunocompetent. Watery diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain were the most frequent symptoms. The survey showed that in patients with gastroenteritis, cryptosporidial oocysts were found more commonly in the stools of children than in those of adults, and the prevalence of infection was the highest in August and September (16 cases). The epidemiological aspects and clinical significance are discussed.
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PMID:Cryptosporidial diarrhoea in children. 343 76

One-hundred and fifty-seven consecutive children below seven years of age (primary care n = 48, hospitalized patients n = 109) with acute gastroenteritis of assumed infectious origin were studied. Rotavirus was demonstrated by electron microscopy of faeces in 44% of all patients. The occurrence of rotavirus among patients in primary care, 15%, was significantly lower than among hospitalized patients, 57% (p less than 0.01). Adenovirus was isolated in six per cent and enterovirus in two per cent of the patients with no differences between the two groups. Yersinia enterocolitica and Campylobacter jejuni were demonstrated in each three per cent. Salmonella and Shigella spp. or Giardia lamblia were not found in any cases. Thus the cause of gastroenteritis was established in 58% of the patients. This figure was lower among patients in primary care (27%) than among hospitalized patients (72%), a difference mainly due to the high occurrence of rotavirus in the latter group. Clostridium difficile was recovered in 20 cases (12%), eight of which harboured one more enteropathogenic agent. Cultures from the nose and throat revealed Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Branhamella catarrhalis or group A, C and G streptococci in 58% of the patients with no differences regarding the occurrence of rotavirus in faeces. Neither Clostridium difficile nor respiratory tract pathogens were found to play a role in causation of gastroenteritis in the children investigated.
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PMID:Pediatric gastroenteritis in primary care and in hospitalized patients. 358 34

In a prospective 1-year study, 144 children attending or admitted to hospital and 272 children outside hospital with acute gastro-enteritis and 200 controls were investigated by a broad panel of diagnostic methods for enteropathogenic agents in the faeces and for related antibody responses. Enteropathogens were identified in 77% of the inpatients, 63% of the outpatients and 8% of the controls. Rotavirus and Yersinia enterocolitica were detected significantly more often among inpatients. Altogether, viral, bacterial and parasitic agents were found in 58%, 14% and 1% of diarrhoeal patients, respectively. The isolation of more than one pathogenic agent was uncommon (6.5%). Rotavirus (45%) and enteric adenoviruses 40 and 41 (7.9%) predominated among the viruses, while Campylobacter jejuni (4.8%) was most common among the bacteria. Clostridium difficile and/or its cytotoxin, which were found in 14% of the children with gastroenteritis and in 15% of the controls, were significantly associated with antibiotic therapy but not with gastro-intestinal illness. Diarrhoeal infections of unknown aetiology exhibited a seasonal peak in the autumn. The duration of excretion of enteropathogens was investigated. Rotavirus particles were detectable by solid-phase immune electron microscopy for 14-25 days after the diarrhoea had ceased. Transmission of rotavirus and bacterial pathogens within families was studied also.
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PMID:Aetiology and epidemiology of acute gastro-enteritis in Swedish children. 373 69

A total of 1,203 unselected routine faecal samples from 1,006 patients were cultured for Yersinia species by a cold enrichment technique. Seventy-five specimens (6.1%) from 63 patients were culture-positive for Yersinia spp. Fifty-two were Yersinia enterocolitica, 22 Yersinia frederiksenii and 1 Yersinia intermedia. The predominant Y. enterocolitica isolates belonged to biotype 1 - serotype 0:6, 30 or serotype 0:5, 27. Y. frederiksenii strains were non-typable. Forty isolates were recovered from 33 patients with gastroenteritis. During the study period 83 Salmonella spp. from 33 patients, 17 Shigella sonnei from 13 patients and 13 Campylobacter jejuni from 12 patients were cultured. Yersinia spp. was isolated in association with salmonella on three occasions, twice with rotavirus and once each with Shigella sonnei, Campylobacter jejuni and Trichuris trichiura.
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PMID:Faecal carriage rate of Yersinia species. 378 82


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