Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three third trimester fetuses were exposed to a subgroup 2, type 7 adenovirus (adeno 7) by intraamnionic infection. The virus caused preterm delivery of two clinically ill calves and one stillbirth. The two premature calves died 12 and 72 hours after birth. An elevated serum neutralizing antibody titer (1:256) to adenovirus 7 was found in one principal calf at birth. Adenovirus 7 was recovered from several tissues of the live calves and the spleen of the stillborn calf. Fetuses exposed by intraamniotnic injection with virus carrier only, were born healthy after normal gestational periods and no viruses were isolated from the tissues. Clinically ill calves were weak, severely depressed and unable to stand and nurse. Gross postmortem lesions were nonspecific and consisted of petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages and edema of the gastrointestinal tract. Histopathological lesions included vasculitis, necrosis of the mucosa of the forestomach, mild gastroenteritis and acute, nonsuppurative focal necrosis of the liver, kidney and adrenal gland. Intranuclear inclusion bodies were seen in pericytes, macrophages, hepatocytes, epithelial cells of adrenal cortical sinusoids of the zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata and renal tubular epithelium.
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PMID:Experimental intraamnionic exposure of bovine fetuses with subgroup 2, type 7 Adenovirus. 21 8

We present two cases of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who, in the course of their disease, suffered multiple intestinal perforations that were directly related to cytomegalovirus infection. Biopsy and surgical specimens and autopsy findings in both cases revealed extensive lesions of gastroenteritis; the gastroenteritis was characterized by randomly distributed deep ulcers, resulting in multiple perforations. The main characteristic histopathologic finding was the association of intestinal lesions with a severe form of cytomegalovirus-related occlusive vasculitis. This report provides evidence that supports the contention that cytomegalovirus is the primary causal agent of gastrointestinal lesions affecting immunocompromised patients.
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PMID:Multiple cytomegalovirus-related intestinal perforations in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Report of two cases and review of the literature. 131 13

We report the case of a healthy young Hispanic man with Salmonella typhimurium bacteremia and leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis has not been previously reported as a complication of salmonella gastroenteritis and bacteremia. Salmonella gastroenteritis is rarely associated with bacteremia in healthy young adults.
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PMID:Case report: salmonellosis complicated by leukocytoclastic vasculitis. 175 Apr 49

Twenty patients with peripheral arteritis due to an infectious disease were studied with the purpose to detect the etiological agent in the vessels belonging to ischemic areas; to establish the relationship between the onset and evolution of the ischemic lesions and the infectious disease; and to verify the appropriateness of the treatment with anticoagulants. Ten patients had meningococal disease with positive blood culture for Neisseria meningitidis. The meningococci were found in vessel walls of ischemic areas. The cutaneous lesions had sudden onset and a rapid evolution. Five patients had pneumonia or gastroenteritis. No microorganisms were detected in the vessel walls of the ischemic areas. The cutaneous necrotic lesions appeared from two to six days after the infectious disease was diagnosed. Therefore, heparinization was considered appropriate to block the extension of the disseminated intravascular coagulation secondary to the vasculitis. Three patients had, probably, post-streptococcal sensibilization arteritis and two post-measles arteritis. No etiological agent was identified in the vessel walls. The necrotic lesions of the extremities appeared from five to 21 days after the clinical course of the infection. The lesions had the complete evolution in a period from one to four days. It was considered appropriate to start the heparinization in the evolutive period of the peripheral lesions in an attempt to reduce the ischemia by the interruption of the intravascular coagulation related to the vasculitis. In heparinized patients in whom the necrotic lesions did not extend completely in the extremities, the evolution to irreversible gangrene and limb loss did not occur.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Arteritis dependent on infective process: the convenience of heparin use]. 184 98

Bacillus cereus, which used to be considered non-pathogenic, was isolated from the blood of a patient with acute leukemia who was receiving intensive chemotherapy. Fatal bacteremia developed with a clinical syndrome of acute gastroenteritis, followed by both meningoencephalitis with subarachnoid hemorrhage and multiple liver abscesses probably caused by infective vasculitis. Surveillance stool cultures revealed colonization with the organism prior to the onset of diarrhea, and repetitive blood cultures were found to be positive. Thus, this case suggested some new important clinicopathologic features of true B. cereus bacteremia complicating acute leukemia.
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PMID:Bacillus cereus bacteremia in an adult with acute leukemia. 312 17

Gastrointestinal zygomycosis was diagnosed in 3 suckling pigs (10, 14, and 28 days old) with diarrhea that was unresponsive to treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The 3 pigs were from separate farms, and littermates of the 3 pigs with similar clinical signs had died. At necropsy, 2 of the 3 pigs had catarrhal to fibrinonecrotic gastroenteritis, and the third pig had hemorrhagic gastritis without intestinal lesions. Microscopically, transmural necrosis of the stomach and intestines was associated with marked inflammatory cell infiltration and thrombosis and vasculitis of vessels of the lamina propria and submucosa. Numerous broad, irregularly branching, nonseptate, mucoraceous fungi were seen in the lumens of blood vessels and in the necrotic mucosa and submucosa.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal zygomycosis in suckling pigs. 366 11

Serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) were measured in children with dysentery during an epidemic caused by Shigella dysenteriae 1. IL-6 and TNF were also measured in fresh stool filtrates from children with acute gastroenteritis. The median serum IL-6 concentration was raised significantly in the children with complications (haemolytic uraemic syndrome, leukemoid reaction, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, and severe colitis lasting more than one week) during the first week (n = 18, 9-7728 pg/ml; median 107) and in the second week (n = 13, 5-312 pg/ml; median 77), compared with convalescent sera (n = 10, < 3-85 pg/ml; median 39; p < 0.02 and < 0.05 respectively). The median IL-6 concentration during the first week was significantly higher in the group with complicated disease than in those with no complications (n = 8, < 3-37 pg/ml; median 5; p < 0.001). Although serum TNF concentrations were significantly raised in the complicated group during the first and second weeks of the illness and in the uncomplicated group compared with convalescence, there was no significant difference in the TNF concentrations between the complicated and uncomplicated groups. IL-6 was detectable in stool filtrates from eight of 13 children with S dysenteriae 1 infection and four of eight children with S flexneri infection. It was not detectable in Cryptosporidia, rotavirus, or adenovirus infections, those with pathogen-negative acute diarrhoea or controls. Seven of 13 children with S dysenteriae 1 and three of nine children with S flexneri infections had TNF detectable in stools. None of the children with Salmonella, Cryptosporidia, rotavirus of children with pathogen-negative diarrhoea and controls had detectable TNF in stool filtrates. It is postulated that the local and generalised vasculitis observed in shigellosis may be related to a direct effect of Shiga toxin on endothelial cells or caused by cytokine production stimulated by endotoxin, or both.
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PMID:Concentrations of interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor in serum and stools of children with Shigella dysenteriae 1 infection. 830 92

The histology from rectal biopsy specimens taken 1980-1990 on 131 occasions from 116 horses, age 1-18 years, with clinical signs of intestinal disease was evaluated and classified retrospectively. In 40 horses, autopsy results were studied for comparison. Biopsy specimens (21 horses) and post mortem rectal tissue (9 horses) from 30 healthy horses, age 4-22 years, were used as controls. In 105 clinical cases, a biopsy was performed on only one occasion, while repeat biopsy was performed in 11 cases. Specimens showed pathological changes in 60 horses. The findings were classified into acute, chronic or chronic active simple proctitis, granulomatous enteritis, eosinophilic granulomatosis/gastroenteritis, eosinophilic proctitis, erosive/ulcerative proctitis, pseudomembranous proctitis, proctitis with vasculitis and malignant lymphoma. Mild scattered neutrophil infiltration in the lamina propria was found in controls, but neutrophils in crypt or surface epithelia were abnormal findings. Depletion or hyperplasia of goblet cells sometimes accompanied inflammation. Simple proctitis occurred in association with malignant lymphoma and various inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract apparent at autopsy. Eosinophilic granulomatosis/gastroenteritis and granulomatous enteritis were diagnosed from biopsy specimens in 6 of 12 and 4 of 9 cases, respectively, of these diseases confirmed at autopsy. Reduction of acid mucins in goblet cells was a prominent feature of eosinophilic granulomatosis. Rectal biopsy was found to be a useful adjunct for evaluation of intestinal disease in the horse.
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PMID:Rectal biopsy diagnosis in horses with clinical signs of intestinal disorders: a retrospective study of 116 cases. 881 89

Acute hemorrhagic edema of childhood is an unusual form of leukocytoclastic vasculitis previously reported in children age 4 months to 3 years. The etiology remains unknown, however, many authors describe the process as an immune-mediated vasculitis in response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. We report a case of congenital acute hemorrhagic edema of childhood associated with maternal gastroenteritis six weeks before delivery.
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PMID:Neonatal acute hemorrhagic edema of childhood: case report and review of the English-language literature. 891 24

Autoantibodies specific to the cytoplasmic components of neutrophils and monocytes are associated with vasculitis and other idiopathic inflammatory disorders. In this study, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence assays, sera from patients with acute and chronic infection were examined for the presence of anti-neutrophil and anti-monocyte antibodies: cystic fibrosis (n = 23), acute appendicitis (n = 22), tuberculosis (n = 26), acute gastroenteritis (n = 38), bronchiectasis (n = 9) and chronic granulomatous disease (n = 6). Sera from patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (n = 14), rheumatoid factor positive (n = 15) and healthy volunteers (n = 20) were used as positive and negative controls. In patients with chronic infection, using an ELISA assay, antibodies reactive with neutrophil or monocyte components (% reacting with monocyte components in parenthesis) were found in: 70% (39%) of patients with cystic fibrosis, 4% (38%) of patients with tuberculosis, 0% (33%) of patients with bronchiectasis and 0% (17%) of patients with chronic granulomatous disease. When these sera were examined using an immunofluorescence assay, all of the positive samples were found to react with the cytoplasmic component of neutrophils or monocytes. In patients with acute infection no antibodies (either IgG or IgM) were detected against neutrophils or monocytes. These findings imply that antibodies directed against neutrophil cytoplasmic components are predominantly associated with chronic pyogenic infection and antibodies specific to monocyte cytoplasmic components are predominantly associated with chronic granulomatous infection. This mirrors the findings in idiopathic inflammatory disease where anti-monocyte antibodies are associated with granulomatous disorders such as sarcoidosis, and anti-neutrophil antibodies are associated with neutrophilic disorders such as ulcerative colitis. These results suggest that chronic stimulation of phagocytes by infectious agents may result in the generation of a humoral response against phagocyte cytoplasmic components. This furthers our understanding of humoral immune responses against phagocytic cell components during infection.
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PMID:Anti-phagocyte antibodies and infection. 975 9


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