Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nine cases of local infection due to non typhi Salmonella enterica, some of them of unusual localization, in 8 patients (mean age 64.9 +/- 12.4 years) attended in Zamora's Virgen de la Concha Hospital over a period of five years, are described. Focal salmonellosis represented 1.5% of non-typhi salmonellosis cases in that period (9 out of 606 detected cases). 6 of the 8 patients (75%) showed a predisposing disease. In two patients the previous existence of gastroenteritis due to Salmonella was assessed and only in one of them concomitant bacteremia was detected. Soft-tissue infections were the more frequent clinical feature: plantar abscess, two abdominal wall abscesses--one of them after cholecystectomy--post-pericardiotomy thoracic wall abscess and perianal abscess. Three soft-tissue infections were due to group B serotypes. 4 out of five soft-tissue infections evolved favorably with surgical treatment. The rest of the series is formed by two cases with acute cholecystitis in patients with previous cholelithiasis (one of whom relapsed originating an abdominal wall abscess), a recurrent pleural empyema and a purulent pericarditis. The pericarditis was produced by S. enteritidis. Patient showed signs of cardiac tamponade, his condition improving after pericardial drainage and parenteral and intrapericardial administration of ciprofloxacin. Epidemiologic and clinic characteristic of our series are compared with other series of focal salmonellosis.
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PMID:[Focal infections caused by non-typhi Salmonella: a review of our case series and comparison with other series]. 138 36

Thirty cases of nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteriuria were identified by review of cultures performed at the Mayo Clinic (Minn.) from 1985 to 1989 and at the Federal Public Health Laboratory Innsbruck (Austria) from 1979 to 1989. All patients had symptoms of an acute urinary tract infection (UTI). In 24 cases nontyphoidal Salmonella was the sole pathogen isolated. Only 1 patient presented with concomitant gastroenteritis and 2 had experienced episodes of diarrhea during the weeks before the UTI, but 15 patients had positive stool cultures in the absence of a gastrointestinal illness. Among all positive urine cultures at the Mayo Microbiology Laboratory, 0.015% were positive for nontyphoidal Salmonella; at the Federal Public Health Laboratory Innsbruck, 0.024% of organisms cultured from urine were nontyphoidal salmonellae. In the majority of our patients, Salmonella UTI did not differ clinically from UTI caused by other members of the Enterobacteriaceae; only in renal transplant recipients was the course of genitourinary salmonellosis more serious. While some urinary isolates of nontyphoidal Salmonella may be fecal contaminants, all 30 isolates recovered from urine during this study were considered to be the cause of symptomatic UTI.
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PMID:Urinary tract infection caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella: report of 30 cases. 141 1

Salmonella typhimurium S24 was isolated in September 1986 at Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, from a patient suffering from gastroenteritis during an outbreak of salmonellosis. Two conjugative R-plasmids have been isolated from Escherichia coli K-12 14R525, which was mated with S. typhimurium S24. The two R-plasmids found in S. typhimurium S24 belong to two different incompatibility (Inc) groups: the 130-kilobase IncFI plasmid pST1 and the 56-kb IncN plasmid pST2. These two R-plasmids of pST1 and pST2 together mediate resistance to multiple antibiotics in S. typhimurium S24. By DNA probes hybridization, plasmid pST1 was shown to carry an enteric type II chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene, a class C tetracycline resistance (TetR) gene and a type III dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene, all of which confer resistance to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and trimethoprim respectively. A Richmond's type III beta-lactamase gene was located on each plasmid of pST1 and pST2. beta-lactamases specified by both plasmids pST1 and pST2 conferred high level resistance to amoxicillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin, sulbenicillin, ticarcillin in addition to ampicillin. A novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase [AAC(6')] was demonstrated on plasmid pST2. This AAC(6') enzyme modified kanamycin, amikacin, dibekacin, tobramycin, gentamicin, netilmicin, sisomicin, butirosin and ribostamycin.
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PMID:Molecular characterization of R-plasmids pST1 and pST2 from Salmonella typhimurium S24. 143 39

To specify criteria for the diagnosis of acute intestinal infections induced by opportunistic bacteria, the clinico-laboratory findings were compared in 3 groups of children: with acute intestinal infections induced by opportunistic bacteria (194 children); with shigellosis, salmonellosis and escherichiosis (260 children); with rotavirus gastroenteritis (133 children). It has been demonstrated that in the diagnosis of acute intestinal infections induced by opportunistic bacteria, one should be very careful in excluding the etiological role of pathogenic bacteria and viruses not only clinically but also with the aid of laboratory virological, bacteriological and serological methods; in considering changes in the quantitative content of the intestinal microflora to be seen over time. It is also necessary that the age and the premorbid condition of the patients examined may be taken into account.
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PMID:[The principles of the diagnosis of acute intestinal infections caused by opportunistic bacteria in children]. 147 32

After having eaten rissoles containing eggs from a small laying flock two men fell ill with severe gastroenteritis by phage type 4 of S. enteritidis, one of them additionally with pancreatitis. In a sample of chicken feed and litter from the suspected hen-house we found the same phage type of S. enteritidis with the same virulence plasmid as in the faeces of the two patients. Because of the dramatic increase of human salmonellosis and the growing numbers of cases with serious symptoms, resulting from the enhanced invasiveness of the dominant species S. enteritidis, more effective defence reactions against the spread of enteritis-salmonellas are required. The most important measure would be the general decontamination of the mixed feed just before sending it to the farmer. Contaminated feed is the primary source of salmonella infection to livestock and - by means of food of animal origin also to man.
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PMID:[Chicken feed contaminated with Salmonella enteritidis in a small egg-producing farm as source of a chain of infection in man--problems in tracing the mode of transmission]. 157 23

Twenty-two biopsy specimens of colon mucosa were obtained from 16 patients with gastrointestinal campylobacteriosis histologically, histochemically and morphometrically. At the height of the disease colon mucosa of these patients showed a morphological picture of acute hemorrhagic and erosive--hemorrhagic colitis. When compared with such for other intestinal infections (shigellosis, salmonellosis, rotaviral gastroenteritis), the morphological features appeared to vary permitting a differential diagnosis with acute colitis due to above infections, but objective criteria to differentiate campylobacter-induced colitis from colitis in aggravation of nonspecific ulcerative one and Crohn's disease still remains to be found.
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PMID:[Morphological and morphometric characteristics of the large-intestinal mucosa in Campylobacter infections]. 172 8

Epidemiologic and clinical analysis concerned the cases of acute gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella rods. It has proved that the most frequent etiologic factor was Salmonella enteritidis. Also a clinical process of salmonellosis was analysed. It proved that septic forms of the disease made up 2.2% of cases. Examining antibiotic-sensitivity of Salmonella strains proved that the biggest group of them was sensitive to Biseptol.
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PMID:[Food poisoning caused by Salmonella rods]. 181 21

Many discriminative experimental animal models of infection have been utilized in the evaluation of newer fluoroquinolones. In vivo efficacy of many of the newer agents has been shown in experimental models of meningitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis, osteomyelitis, abscesses of various types, septic arthritis, gastroenteritis, salmonellosis, listeriosis, tuberculosis, syphilis, sinusitis, prostatitis and burn wound sepsis, among others. This review focuses on recent developments in a few selected areas. Although the limitations of animal model studies are well described, these results provide a rationale for the appropriate clinical usage of the newer fluoroquinolones in humans.
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PMID:Evaluation of quinolones in experimental animal models of infections. 186 88

After an outbreak of Yersinia enterocolitica infections among black children in Atlanta, a seven-hospital study was conducted to determine the importance of this pathogen in other communities with large black populations. Of 4841 stool specimens from patients with gastroenteritis examined between November 1989 and January 1990, Y. enterocolitica, Shigella, Campylobacter, and Salmonella were identified in 38, 49, 60, and 98 specimens, respectively; 34 (92%) of 37 Y. enterocolitica isolates were serotype O:3. Of the 38 patients with yersiniosis, 37 (97%) were children. Illnesses were clustered around the holidays, and 20 (62%) of 32 patients had been exposed to raw pork intestines in the 2 weeks before onset. Exposure was significantly associated with illness in a case-control study of eight patients identified at one hospital (P = .004). Infants less than or equal to 6 months old with yersiniosis were more likely to have immature-to-total neutrophil ratios greater than 0.50 than were infants of comparable age with salmonellosis (P = .02). Infrequently isolated in the past, Y. enterocolitica O:3 is emerging as an important enteric pathogen in this country, particularly among black children.
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PMID:Yersinia enterocolitica O:3: an emerging cause of pediatric gastroenteritis in the United States. The Yersinia enterocolitica Collaborative Study Group. 199 41

Information from the National Salmonella Shigella Center (NSSC), Thailand indicated that the most frequently isolated Salmonella serotype from humans during 1974-1975 was Salmonella typhi (33.1%), during 1976-1982 was S. krefeld (26.6%) and during 1983-1987 was S. derby (12.6%). Antimicrobial susceptibility study of various Salmonella serotypes indicated that S. krefeld was the serotype with multiple drug resistance persisting for the longest period of time. Human salmonellosis due to S. krefeld is very rare. During 1976-1978, a large outbreak of S. krefeld gastroenteritis occurred in Thailand, mainly in children. The outbreak spread countrywide and is currently endemic. Gastrointestinal symptoms are severe in young infants. Systemic invasion with bacteremia, meningitis and pneumonitis were reported. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates varied from sensitive to multiply drug resistant. The common antibiotic resistances were to ampicillin (75-92%), chloramphenicol (33-75%), kanamycin (67-90%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (15-52%). Resistance to gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim declined after the period of the epidemic. Antimicrobial resistance patterns of 150 S. krefeld strains isolated in Thailand during 1978-1987 showed multiple drug resistance with up to seven drugs. The most common patterns were ApCmKmSuTp and ApCmKmSmSuTc.
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PMID:Salmonella krefeld in Thailand: I. Epidemiology, infection and drug resistance. 207 77


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