Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Campylobacter-associated gastroenteritis remains an important cause of morbidity worldwide, and some evidence suggests that poultry is an important source of this foodborne infection in humans. This study was conducted to analyze the prevalence and genetic background of resistance of 149 Campylobacter jejuni and 54 Campylobacter coli strains isolated from broiler chicken carcasses and from stool samples of infected children in Poland from 2003 through 2005. Nearly all isolates were susceptible to macrolides and aminoglycosides. The highest resistance in both human and chicken strains was observed for ciprofloxacin (more than 40%), followed by ampicillin (13 to 21%), and tetracycline (8 to 29%). Resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline rose significantly between 2003 and 2005. Slight differences in resistance between human and chicken isolates indicate that although chicken meat is not the only source of Campylobacter infection in our population, it can be involved in the transmission of drug-resistant Campylobacter strains to humans.
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PMID:Comparison of antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from humans and chicken carcasses in Poland. 1838 7

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis commonly reported worldwide. The serodiagnosis of Campylobacter infections is not routinely done in Poland so the aim of this study was to evaluation of ELISA in the diagnosis ofcampylobacteriosis. Serum samples obtained from 145 patients with gastroenteritis were tested by ELISA with 7 different heat-stable antigens of C. jejuni and one of C. coli and by the commercial Virion/Serion ELISA with purified 45 kDa outer membrane protein of C. jejuni. Antibodies for heat-stable antigens of C. jejuni were detected statistically more often than antibodies for heat-stable antigens of C. coli and for purifled protein of C. jejuni. We found significant differences in the frequency of detection of antibodies to different heat-stable antigens, ranged from 18.6% to 68.9% of positive results, what indicate for serological heterogenicity of C. jejuni strains isolated in Poland. The results of our study showed usefulness of ELISA in serological diagnosis of campylobacteriosis. However it is necessary to serotype the C. jejuni strains isolated in Poland to find the appropriate C. jejuni serotype for using in ELISA.
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PMID:[Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the diagnosis of campylobacteriosis]. 1841 28

A family outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Campylobacter coli occurred in May 2006 in Bielsko-Biala, in the south of Poland. Four members of a family had non-bloody diarrhea and abdominal cramps. C. coli were isolated in three of the four patients. PFGE and PCR-RFLP-flaA patterns confirmed the link between cases, showing the usefulness of these methods in outbreak investigation. At the same time, the epidemiological and environmental investigations of this outbreak were very limited and did not provide enough evidence to identify the source of infection, and thus to support the hypothesis formulated by the local epidemiologist. It is necessary to improve surveillance of campylobacteriosis mainly by multidisciplinary training of epidemiologists, microbiologists and general practitioners.
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PMID:The first report on Campylobacter coli family outbreak detected in Poland in 2006. 1844 5

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in many developed countries. We compared pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the flagellin gene (PCR-flaA-RFLP) for distinguishing 128 C. jejuni isolates and 17 C. coli clinical isolates isolated between 2006 and 2007 in Poland. We also analysed seven isolates from three C. jejuni family outbreaks and three isolates from one C. coli family outbreak. These isolates were also analysed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PFGE and PCR-flaA-RFLP were performed as described by CAMPYNET. The methods were evaluated and compared on the basis of their abilities to identify outbreaks isolates and discriminate between unrelated isolates (with D index). PFGE was found to be the most discriminatory method (D = 0.999), followed by ERIC-PCR (D = 0.997) and PCR-flaA-RFLP (D = 0.912). PFGE and ERIC-PCR clearly divided C. jejuni and C. coli into two clusters. PFGE, ERIC-PCR and PCR-flaA-RFLP distinguished 117, 107 and 18 distinct profiles, respectively, among 128 C. jejuni isolates. Among 17 C. coli isolates, 15 PFGE and ERIC-PCR, and 7 PCR-flaA-RFLP profiles were found. All the methods identified the outbreaks strains. MLST analysis showed that C. jejuni isolates obtained from three outbreaks belonged to three new 3847, 3848 and 3849 STs. We found isolates with the indistinguishable patterns in each method which were obtained from humans from the same region and related in time that potentially represent common-source outbreaks. We also found isolates with the indistinguishable patterns in each method that were obtained from humans from different part of Poland. This is the first report of using MLST, ERIC-PCR and PCR-flaA-RFLP methods to distinguish C. jejuni and C. coli clinical isolates in Poland. Our results demonstrate that all typing methods evaluated in this study are highly discriminatory and useful to investigate Campylobacter outbreaks in Poland. Our results also show that the genetic diversity of polish C. jejuni and C. coli isolates is very high.
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PMID:[Evaluation of genotypic and phenotypic methods for the differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli clinical isolates from Poland. II. PFGE, ERIC-PCR, PCR-flaA-RFLP and MLST]. 1951 16

Campylobacter spp. is an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans throughout the world. However, sources of these infections are often difficult to identify. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the genetic relatedness of Campylobacter isolates from environmental and food samples as well as stool specimens of diarrheal patients obtained in a single geographic region in Poland. Only a few Campylobacter jejuni isolates (4/18, 22%) could be assigned to one cluster, whereas the majority were unrelated. In contrast, the majority of Campylobacter coli strains (25/35, 71%) belonged to three pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) clusters containing isolates of various origins (i.e., water samples, chicken carcasses, and humans). Isolates belonging to the clusters showed also similar antibiotic resistance patterns and similar genotypes with respect to the occurrence of the virB11 and iam genes. This suggests that Campylobacter strains may circulate between humans, poultry, and recreational water sources in the rural region in central Poland.
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PMID:Genetic similarity of Campylobacter isolates in humans, food, and water sources in central Poland. 2000 28

The results of the epidemiological analysis of campylobacteriosis reported by Regional Laboratory of Sanitary Epidemiological Station in Bielsko-Biala (PSSE Bielsko-Biala), Silesia voivodeship in Poland are presented. From August 2006 to July 2009, stool samples from diarrhea cases were examined for the presence of Campylobacter spp. as well as Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, enteropathogenic (EPEC) and verotoxigenic (VTEC) E. coli. The most frequently isolated species of Campylobacter spp. was C. jejuni. Most of the Campylobacter spp. were isolated from children under the age of 2. The seasonal peak of campylobacteriosis was observed between July and December. All isolates of Campylobacter sp. were sensitive to erythromycin and gentamicin. It was observed that 71.4% C. jejuni isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. The comparison of the results obtained during the period of 2006-2009 shows that percentage of campylobacteriosis has increased. In the first year of studies (from August 2006 to July 2007), Campylobacter spp. were reported in 45.4% of 183 bacterial etiologic agents of gastroenteritis, isolated from 819 persons; in the second year (August 2007-July 2008) there were 46.6% of 176 bacterial etiologic agents isolated from 844 persons; and in the last year of study (August 2008-July 2009), Campylobacter spp. were reported in 51.5% of 196 bacterial etiologic agents isolated from 859 persons. The percentage of salmonellosis cases decreased by about 20% from 45.4 to 23% during that frametime.
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PMID:[Campylobacter spp. as a leading cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis in selected region of Poland]. 2012 Sep 52

This observational, prospective study was undertaken to estimate the burden of rotavirus (RV) gastroenteritis (GE) leading to general practitioner (GP)/family paediatrician (FP) visits among children aged <5 years in Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and the UK. Children aged <5 years presenting with acute GE provided stool samples for rapid RV testing. RV+ samples were confirmed and typed by RT-PCR. Demographic and clinical data were collected for all RVGE episodes. Transmission patterns among other household children aged <5 years were also assessed. From November 2005 to May 2007, excluding data from the UK, 497/3,813 (13.0%) children aged <5 years presenting with acute GE to GP/FP and tested were RV+ by PCR. Most RVGE cases (69.1%) occurred in children aged <2 years, occurred between December and May (93.1%) and were moderate or severe by Vesikari score (92.9%). RV strain distribution varied between countries: G9P[8] was the most common type in Poland (54/76) and Spain (172/196), G1P[8] was predominant in the Czech Republic (56/64) and Italy (46/107), and G4P[8] and G1P[8] both prevailed in Germany (17/54 and 13/54, respectively). A total of 24/122 (19.7%) children aged <5 years resident in the same household as a PCR+ study participant also developed RVGE. Conclusion. This multinational epidemiological study in Europe shows that RV is easily transmitted among household children, with RVGE burden highest among children aged <2 years accessing primary healthcare for acute GE.
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PMID:Primary care-based surveillance to estimate the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis among children aged less than 5 years in six European countries. 2084 79

Campylobacter species are among the most frequently identified bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis. Because Campylobacter spp. harbored by cattle can be transmitted to humans, in this study we investigated antimicrobial resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter isolated from cows. Our study included 150 strains of Campylobacter (143 strains of C. jejuni and 7 strains of C. coli) isolated from cows in South-Western Poland. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin and tetracycline were determined using the agar dilution methodology. All strains of C. coli were susceptible to all four drugs studied. The most frequently detected resistance of C. jejuni was to ciprofloxacin (26 strains 18.2%). Resistance to tetracycline was observed in 5 strains (3.5%). All strains of C. jejuni were susceptible to erythromycin and gentamicin.
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PMID:Antimicrobial resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. isolated from cattle in Poland. 2107 50

According to the best of my knowledge this is the first report of acute intoxication with imidacloprid in Poland. The 48-years old women was admitted to the hospital because of the symptoms of gastroenteritis, which occurred after inhaled exposure to imidacloprid. Mild increase in leukocyte count was found in laboratory examination. The symptoms disappeared after 2 days of the treatment. For imidacloprid, regarded as safe for humans being, toxicity can occur through inhalation exposure.
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PMID:[Acute inhalation imidacloprid poisoning--a case report]. 2138 88

Enteroviruses are important etiologic agents of many human diseases such as diarrhea, self-limiting gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, conjunctivitis, hepatitis, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and paralysis. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the frequency of enteroviral infections in Poland in 2008-2009. Out of 178 clinical materials tested for the presence of enteroviruses, 24 samples (13,5%) were positive. In the case of 153 samples from patients suffering from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), positive results were obtained for 6 samples (4%). Moreover, 25 samples coming from patients with clinical symptoms caused by nonpoliomyelitic enteroviruses were analyzed, giving 18 positive results (72%). The most frequently isolated enterovirus serotypes were Coxsackie B (25%), ECHO30 (25%) i ECHO6 (21%).
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PMID:[Enteroviruses serotypes isolated in years 2008-2009 in NIPH-NIH]. 2147 66


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