Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An infant with a large-bowel obstruction due to Salmonella B enterocolitis is presented. The clinical and radiologic findings were suggestive of Hirschsprung's disease with total colonic aganglionosis. Due to further deterioration, an ileostomy was performed. Pathologic examination disclosed ganglia in the colon. At laparatomy, 1 month later the colon, which was almost completely obliterated, was resected and an ileorectal anastomosis carried out. The patient remained a carrier of a multiple antibiotic-resistant group B Salmonella strain, and 2 months later died as a result of severe gastroenteritis.
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PMID:Large bowel obstruction: an unusual presentation of salmonella enterocolitis in infancy. 1105 60

In evaluating the accuracy of diagnostic tests there are many situations where the true disease status can be one of multiple disorders. For example, when paediatric patients suffer acute abdominal pain, the underlying diagnosis could be appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, etc. In this paper we describe a format for collecting data for the case of multiple truth states. This new format allows one to make pairwise comparisons of the diagnostic accuracy between all of the different truth states. We propose a summary measure of accuracy which is a weighted average of the pairwise estimates of accuracy. Estimators are derived for the variance and covariance of the estimated summary accuracy. The small sample properties of the estimators are evaluated in a Monte Carlo simulation study. The new data collection format and summary measure were used in a paediatric acute abdominal pain study; data from this study are used to illustrate the methods.
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PMID:Assessing physicians' accuracy in diagnosing paediatric patients with acute abdominal pain: measuring accuracy for multiple diseases. 1174 17

Ectopic pregnancies can be very difficult to diagnose at initial admission. This paper reviewed the morbidity and mortality associated with misdiagnosis of ectopic gestation over a 15-year period (1985-99) at Ile-Ife, Nigeria. There were 380 confirmed ectopic pregnancies of 35 857 live births, giving an incidence of 10.5 per 1000 live births. Of the 380 cases, 38 (10%) were misdiagnosed initially at presentation. Mistaken diagnoses include pelvic inflammatory diseases, cholera, acute appendicitis, typhoid enteritis, incomplete septic abortion, uterine fibroid with menorrhagia, malaria, gastroenteritis, peptic ulcer and intestinal obstruction. There were five maternal deaths among the 38 misdiagnosed cases compared to two maternal deaths among the 342 initially correctly diagnosed cases. Significant morbidity included prolonged hospital stay, increased hospital costs and an enterocutaneous fistula. To improve the chances of correct diagnosis at initial admission, accurate menstrual and sexual history should be obtained. Facilities for improved diagnosis such as serum beta HCG and transvaginal ultrasonography should be provided. Colleagues from other specialities should be educated to increase their suspicion of ectopic pregnancy in any woman of childbearing age and perform the appropriate investigations.
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PMID:Mortality and morbidity associated with misdiagnosis of ectopic pregnancy in a defined Nigerian population. 1252 28

Eosinophilic enteritis is a rare condition of unknown aetiology, although it is generally believed to be due to intestinal allergy. It may mimic peptic ulcer, subacute (or chronic) intestinal obstruction, gastroenteritis, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. The diagnosis is often difficult to make and most cases are only diagnosed after laparotomy/ laparoscopy and biopsy. It can be successfully treated with corticosteroids. We report a case of Eosinophilic enteritis in a 27 year old woman the symptoms of which appeared within six weeks of childbirth. With repeated episodes of abdominal pain, vomiting, occasional loose stools with weight loss, she was investigated and treated for many weeks in three hospitals without success. All investigations were inconclusive. Finally laparotomy revealed inflamed segments of small bowel, a biopsy of which showed Eosinophilic enteritis. The patient was subsequently treated successfully with Prednisolone.
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PMID:Eosinophilic enteritis--a diagnostic dilemma. 1274 85

An 11-month-old female infant died at home after being diagnosed as having gastroenteritis. Autopsy examination revealed a distended distal ileum filled with a large amount of watery contents, and a 3 cm x 3 cm x 4 cm cyst at the ileocecal part of the cecum that was histologically consistent with a duplication cyst. The cause of death was determined to be acute dehydration due to intestinal obstruction caused by a duplication cyst. This case indicates that intestinal obstruction by a duplication cyst should be recognized as a cause of unexpected death in infants.
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PMID:Unexpected death due to intestinal obstruction by a duplication cyst in an infant. 1723 34

Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children aged <5 years worldwide. In February 2006, a new rotavirus vaccine, RotaTeq (Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania), was licensed in the United States, and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended it for routine vaccination of U.S. infants with 3 doses, administered orally at ages 2, 4, and 6 months. Because a previous rotavirus vaccine, Rotashield (Wyeth Laboratories, Marietta, Pennsylvania), was withdrawn from the U.S. market in 1999 after postmarketing surveillance identified an association with intussusception (a rare type of bowel obstruction), the safety of RotaTeq was evaluated in a prelicensure clinical trial involving 71,725 infants who received either vaccine or placebo. In this controlled trial, no statistically significant elevated risk for intussusception was observed within a 42-day period after RotaTeq vaccination. However, postmarketing monitoring for intussusception after RotaTeq vaccination is necessary because of possible differences in the characteristics of infants who received the vaccine in routine use compared with the infants in the clinical trials. Also, the large numbers of infants being vaccinated provides an opportunity to detect intussusception occurring at a low rate after vaccination. This report presents data from the first year of postmarketing monitoring for intussusception after RotaTeq vaccination in the United States, with particular focus on all intussusception reports received by the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) during February 1, 2006-February 15, 2007. As of February 15, 2007, postmarketing surveillance did not suggest association of RotaTeq vaccination with intussusception. CDC reaffirms vaccine policy recommendations to routinely vaccinate U.S. infants with RotaTeq at ages 2, 4, and 6 months.
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PMID:Postmarketing monitoring of intussusception after RotaTeq vaccination--United States, February 1, 2006-February 15, 2007. 1736 90

Representing a rare cause of bowel obstruction, the ileal intussusception is commonly met in the pediatric surgery. Even if in children's cases the symptoms can mimick a multitude of abdominal syndromes, usually in adult cases the symptoms fit the pattern of the intestinal obstruction. This paper presents 2 clinical cases of small bowel intussusception in adult, the particularity of cases being that the pathogenesis couldn't be established first hand; the pathology exam revealed only minor inflammatory responses,including modest reactive lymph nodes in the vicinity of lesions, without further alterations. The etiology of bowel intussusception was finally attributed to viral infection with gastroenteritis, based on clinical and pathological criteria.
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PMID:[Viral small bowel intussusception: a rare cause of intestinal obstruction]. 1741 Jul 35

State with progressive development of intestinal obstruction may leads to the misinterpretation of acute gastroenteritis in infant period. After passing of newborn period the differential diagnosis is not easy. Loss of time which leads to the correct diagnosis is ufavourable for patient because of worsening of the condition. The authors present a case review of 5 months old girl in whom cystoid intestinal duplication caused complete ileo-coecal occlusion. Associated diagnosis in our patient were anus perinealis ventralis and diverticulum Meckeli. The treatment of enteral duplication and Meckel's diverticulum was done in one stage surgery.
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PMID:[Occlusive ileus caused by intestinal duplication]. 1797 38

Worldwide, rotavirus is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children aged <5 years. In February 2006, a new human-bovine rotavirus vaccine, RotaTeq (Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, New Jersey), was recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for routine vaccination of U.S. infants. Three doses of RotaTeq are recommended at ages 2, 4, and 6 months. The first dose should be administered between ages 6 and 12 weeks, and vaccination should not be initiated for infants aged >12 weeks. Subsequent doses should be administered at 4-10 week intervals, with all doses administered by age 32 weeks. This schedule is consistent with the ages at which RotaTeq was administered during prelicensure trials, and ACIP has recommended that RotaTeq only be administered at the ages for which safety and efficacy data are available. In 1999, a previous rhesus-human rotavirus vaccine, RotaShield (Wyeth Laboratories, Inc., Marietta, Pennsylvania), was withdrawn voluntarily from the U.S. market by the manufacturer because it was associated with intussusception, a form of bowel obstruction. The greatest risk for intussusception was noted after the first dose of RotaShield. Data from a large-scale, prelicensure safety trial and postlicensure monitoring do not indicate an association between the current RotaTeq vaccine and intussusception. CDC assessed rotavirus vaccination coverage among U.S. infants during February 2006-May 2007 and examined adherence to the ACIP-recommended vaccination schedule. This report summarizes the results of that assessment, which indicated that, by May 15, 2007, nearly half of infants aged 3 months had received 1 dose of rotavirus vaccine, with the majority of doses administered according to ACIP recommendations. Health-care providers should remain vigilant in following the ACIP-recommended vaccination schedule for rotavirus vaccine.
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PMID:Rotavirus vaccination coverage and adherence to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)-recommended vaccination schedule--United States, February 2006-May 2007. 1841 45

Two girls, aged 8 months and 3 years respectively, presented with dehydration, vomiting and fever. The youngest girl was diagnosed first with gastroenteritis and was treated accordingly. Her condition deteriorated however, and she showed symptoms of a high bowel obstruction. Laparotomy revealed a perforated inflamed appendix. An intestinal invagination was suspected in the older girl, yet laparotomy revealed a perforated appendix. Appendicitis can be difficult to diagnose in very young children due to atypical presentation and age-related difficulties in communication. Most importantly, physicians must be aware that appendicitis may also occur in very young children. Although the Paediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS) is a helpful tool in diagnosing appendicitis in young children, a solid physical examination is most important. When in doubt, early surgical consultation is necessary to limit the delay in diagnosis and to prevent complications.
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PMID:[Acute appendicitis in very young children]. 2045 2


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