Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Precipitating antibodies against transmissible gastroenteritis viral antigens were detected by the immunodiffusion test in two transmissible gastroenteritis viral hyperimmune antisera and in antiserum prepared against haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus but not in sera from several species of normal animals, in antisera prepared against a variety of othet viruses and bacteria or sera from swine with bacterial enteritis. When the immunodiffusion test was compared with the virus neutralization test for the detection of transmissible gastroeneritis viral antibodies in 20 swine sera certain samples which contained high titres of virus neutralizing antibodies failed to produce precipitation while other sera were positive in the immunodiffusion test although their virus neutralizing antibody titres were relatively low. Precipitating antibodies were also detected by immunodiffusion in several samples of milk whey from a sow which had been vaccinated with inactivated transmissible gastroenteritis virus.
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PMID:The detection of transmissible gastroenteritis viral antibodies by immunodiffusion. 18 95

Infantile enteritis constitutes a major health problem in developing countries. Several investigations into the etiology of this condition among various South African populations have been undertaken during the past few years. Recent studies of black urban infants have revealed that salmonellae, shigellae, enterotoxigenic Enterobacteriaceae, and rotaviruses play a relatively minor role in infantile enteritis. On the other hand, all studies, including a number performed several years ago, have demonstrated that Escherichia coli strains belonging to traditional enteropathogenic serotypes are more frequently recovered from patients with diarrhea than from matched control subjects. These bacteria are particularly prominent during the summer months at the height of the annual gastroenteritis epidemic. Recent studies have indicated the importance of Campylobacter fetus in infantile enteritis, especially in children younger than nine months. The data point to a complex multiple etiology of infantile enteritis in South Africa, which will require clarification before specific preventive measures can be instituted.
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PMID:Etiology of infantile enteritis in South Africa. 22 38

About 20% of infantile enteritis are caused by bacterial infections. The most cases of non bacterial infantile enteritis are supposed to be viral infections. Arguments for the existence of enterotropic viruses arised the first time in 1943. Since the middle of the fifties, various kinds of enteroviruses are known to be causative agents of infantile gastroenteritis. The same is true occasionally for some types of adenovirus. In 1973 the Norwalk-agent was discovered provocing enteritis mainly in adults. The most important progress was achieved by the discovery of Rotavirus. The viruses of this group nowadays are ment to be the most wide spread causes of enteritis in human beings and many mammalians. Rotavirus can be found in about 40--60% of acute infantile gastroenteritis in many parts of the world. Furthermore, in the last years of Coronavirus and Astrovirus were detected as causative agents of gastroenteritis in some domestic animals and probably in human beings too.
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PMID:[Virusenteritis in childhood (author's transl)]. 22 39

A 14-month-old baby boy suffered a second attack of rotavirus gastroenteritis within one month of the initial one. The second attack followed a diarrhoeal episode associated with adenovirus. Gastrointestinal symptoms in the second attack were more severe than those of the first. The adenovirus-associated enteritis was mild compared with the illness in both episodes of rotavirus infection.
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PMID:Recurrent attack of rotavirus gastroenteritis after adenovirus-induced diarrhoea. 22 25

Gastroenteritis and food poisoning caused by several Salmonella serotypes are frequently observed in many countries. In particular, S. typhimurium has been found ranking first that put forward the question whether S. typhimurium can be characterized by distinct biological properties. In this paper attempts to characterized 378 Salmonella strains according to their enterotoxigenicity by means of the vascular permeability factor (PF) have been summarized. PF-positive strains are common among all Enteritis-Salmonellae, in particular among S. typhimurium. This serotype is also found with quantitative strongest PF activity. PF-positive strains are found to be active producers of exo-enterotoxins, which have been characterized as LT-enterotoxins by other assays, too. Since the capacity of Enteritis-Salmonellae to produce enterotoxins is in accordance with their clinical and epidemiological importance, the determination of the PF-factor as a rapid screening assay for enterotoxigenicity is proposed in this paper in order to survey epidemiological and clinical significant Salmonellae.
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PMID:Enterotoxigenicity among salmonellae--a prospective analysis for a surveillance programme. 34 70

In an eight-year-old boy who had acute gastroenteritis, examination of the faeces with specific isolation technique revealed Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni as the responsible pathogen. This is the first observation in the Federal Republic of Germany of an enteritis caused by Campylobacter.
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PMID:[Bacteria of the campylobacter species as cause of enteritis (author's transl)]. 47 69

Infections due to biochemically typical Yersinia enterocolitica usually present as gastroenteritis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, terminal ileitis, and septicemia often with visceral abscesses. In these instances, the isolates have been biochemically typical and of well-established serotypes, namely 0:3 or 0:9 and, in the United States, 0:5 or 0:8. The recovery, recognition, and significance of biochemically and serologically atypical Y. enterocolitica in human infections has proceeded more slowly. From an analysis of the clinical histories of 20 patients infected with 21 such aberrant Y. enterocolitica, it appears that these strains are of restricted pathogenic potential, producing various clinical entities such as localized skin abscesses, conjunctivitis, self-limiting enteritis, and wound and urinary tract infections in hosts with predisposing factors. Epidemiologically, whereas episodic acquisition of atypical strains by hospitalized patients is indicative of nosocomial transmission, in the present series sporadic isolations over a 4-year period, mainly from ambulatory patients, suggest an occult reservoir in the community serviced by The Mount Sinai Hospital. In contrast to typical Y. enterocolitica, which has become well adapted in animal and human hosts, it appears that environmental strains may be in the evolutionary process of becoming adapted to humans.
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PMID:Atypical Yersinia enterocolitica: clinical and epidemiological parameters. 67 Mar 80

To understand mechanisms of viral diarrhea further, we studied ileal ion transport in vitro in relation to mucosal changes and epithelial differentiation in transmissible gastroenteritis in piglets, an invasive viral enteritis thought to involve mainly proximal intestine. In infected pigs, at the height of diarrhea, short-circuited ileal epithelium failed actively to transport Na+ and Cl-, and there was a defect of glucose-mediated Na+ transport. The Cl- secretory response to theophylline remained intact. Conductance measurements indicate that paracellular permeability may be reduced and transcellular transport may be altered. A mucosal lesion was observed at the time of the transport changes, characterized by villus blunting, crypt hyperplasia, and immature crypt-type enterocytes on the villus epithelium, deficient in disaccharidase and (Na+, K+)ATPase activity but rich in thymidine kinase. Consideration of the major determinants of diarrhea in this invasive enteritis must take into account not only altered mucosal function and differentiation but also the extent of intestinal involvement, including the ileum, a major site of fluid absorption in the intestine.
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PMID:Determinants of diarrhea in viral enteritis. The role of ion transport and epithelial changes in the ileum in transmissible gastroenteritis in piglets. 75 40

The Authors report the results of the bacteriological researches carried out during an outbreak of gastroenteritis from E. coli O111:B4 having concerned, in 6 months, 40 infants of the pediatric ward at Legnano's Hospital. The researches clearly demonstrate the need for a strict control, particularly in the pediatric and neonatal wards, so as to make possible a swift identification of the gastroenteric syndromes due to E. coli strains which cause enteritis. The gravity of the symptomatology, the likelihood of the infections's spreading within the hospital and the considerable resistance to antibiotics of the strains in question are all factors which make this type of infection one particularly to be feared in hospitals.
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PMID:[Epidemiological and bacteriological study on the outbreak of gastroenteritis due to Escherichia coli 0111:B4 which occured in hospital environment]. 77 70

On the basis of bacteriological and serological studies carried out during two outbreaks of food poisoning it was found that the disease was caused by NAG-vibrios of the I Heiberg group, serotypes 5 and 34 after Sakazaki. The disease was accompanied by isolation of NAG-vibrios from feces and the washings from the stomach, it was characterized by symptoms of acute gastroenteritis and enteritis of mild and moderate severity. The incubation period lasted from 3 to 30 hours. There was an increase in the agglutinin titres to homologous strains of NAG-vibrios. Of the 6 strains tested 4 proved to be enteropathogenic in intraintestinal infection of rabbits in doses of 10(5) microbial cells.
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PMID:[Clinical cases of food poisoning caused by NAG-vibrios]. 100 37


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