Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This article covers various aspects characteristic of acute paediatric medicine, such as special symptomatology and physical parameters that differ with age. The aim is to increase the confidence of newly trained colleagues in their examination of small children, and to make them alert to the development of alarming symptoms. Some simple routines for initial treatment in hospital are also suggested. Various topics like fever convulsion, status epilepticus, gastroenteritis and infections of the lower respiratory tract are dealt with individually.
 ...
PMID:[When children become acutely ill]. 832 1

To better define the characteristic clinical features of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis, recently recognized as a new entity in Japan, we reviewed all the 10 patients we have seen from 1992 to 1994. The clinical features have been previously reported in the literature to be afebrile generalized tonic-clonic seizures occurring between the first and the fifth sick day of mild gastroenteritis. In our series, four of 10 patients had convulsions before the onset of gastroenteritis. Overall, seizures were mostly brief and often repetitive occurring in cluster (19 seizures/10 episodes). Among these, a prolonged or partial seizure was frequently observed. In six of the 10 patients, the seizure type changed during an episode: from generalized to partial seizures (n = 2), from partial to generalized seizures (n = 2), or from partial to another type of partial seizures (n = 2). None in our series experienced a recurrence episode of afebrile convulsion during follow-up. These findings suggest that benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis exhibit some variations in their clinical manifestation.
 ...
PMID:Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis: a report of 10 recent cases detailing clinical varieties. 857 20

During November 1992-November 1994 at Assiut University Hospital in Egypt, 120 of 240 fully lactating women requesting contraception during the second postpartum month chose the nomegestrol acetate contraceptive subdermal implant Uniplant, while the other 120 chose the copper-releasing IUD CuT 380A. This prospective, non-randomized study evaluated the use of Uniplant during lactation. The mothers and their infants were followed-up once a month for 3 months and then every 2 months up to the infants' first birthday. Neither group experienced a pregnancy. Women in the Uniplant group were less likely to have resumed menstruation at 12 months postpartum than those in the IUD group (38% vs. 63%; p 0.001). The 12-month net continuation rates were statistically similar (88.3% for Uniplant users and 92.4% for IUD users). Reasons for IUD discontinuation were infant death (6), lost to follow up (5), irregular bleeding (2), and depression (1). Reasons for Uniplant discontinuation were lost to follow up (4), irregular bleeding (2), moving to a distant residence (2), and infant death (1). The 2 groups were similar in terms of breast feeding episodes, time of weaning, and the cumulative rates of full and partial breast feeding. Health problems (diarrhea, fever, and cough) affected the infants of both groups at similar incidence rates. The infants in both groups had similar weight, weight gain per day, and linear growth. Six of the 7 infant deaths occurred in the Uniplant group. The difference in the infant death rate was not significantly different, however. Gastroenteritis was responsible for 5 infant deaths. Bronchopneumonia and unexplained convulsion claimed the life of 1 infant each. These findings suggest that Uniplant is an acceptable and effective contraceptive method during lactation and has no adverse effect on infant growth and health.
 ...
PMID:The use of nomegestrol acetate subdermal contraceptive implant, uniplant, during lactation. 893 61

We reported identical twin cases having convulsion associated with mild gastroenteritis almost simultaneously. The patients were 14-month-old boys. They suffered from vomiting from one day before the onset of convulsion. Convulsions occurred firstly in the first twin, and then in the second one immediately after the convulsion of the first one. The twins experienced 6 and 4 convulsions respectively, although they were treated with diazepam and phenobarbital. An ictal EEG of the second twin revealed a focal paroxysmal discharge in the right occipital area spreading rapidly to all areas. During the follow-up period, no recurrence of seizures was observed and psychomotor development was normal in both of them.
 ...
PMID:[Convulsion associated with mild gastroenteritis: occurrence in identical twins on the same day]. 1002 37

The comparative effects of diazinon and malathion on Najdi sheep were described in sheep allotted as untreated controls, diazinon-treated at 25 mg/kg/d or 50 mg/kg/d, and malathion-treated at 25 mg/kg/d or 50 mg/kg/d. Although serum cholinesterase (ChE) activity was reduced, neither significant clinical signs nor severe pathological changes were produced in sheep dosed orally with 25 or 50 mg diazinon/kg/d for 21 d. Both oral dose levels of malathion were lethal to sheep between 1 and 6 d and caused, prior to death, hyperexcitability, tremors, clonic convulsions, salivation, nasal discharge, incoordination of movement, paresis of the limbs and recumbency. Lesions were widespread congestion and hemorrhage, patchy pulmonary cyanosis, gastroenteritis and hepatonephropathy. These changes were accompanied by increases in the activities of serum SDH and AST, in the concentrations of urea, triglyceride and cholesterol, and decreases in ChE activity and in RBC, PCV and Hb values.
 ...
PMID:Comparative effects of diazinon and malathion in Najdi sheep. 1050 28

The development of sensitive new molecular genetic techniques has led to the detection of rotavirus in cerebrospinal fluid, stools and throat swabs from patients with gastroenteritis with accompanying clinical symptoms similar to infantile benign convulsions. Small round structured virus (SRSV) has also been found in stools of patients with similar clinical symptoms by a new procedure. However, the mechanism by which these viral infections induce benign convulsions remains to be elucidated. The present paper reviews recent virological and clinical studies of seizures probably caused by gastroenteritis viruses including rotavirus, SRSV and other viruses.
 ...
PMID:Infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis. 1089 37

Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute watery diarrhea in young Korean children. Rotavirus vaccine will soon be available, and information is urgently required about the serotype distribution of recent epidemics and clinical characteristics of rotavirus infection in Korean children before the implementation of a vaccination program against rotavirus. We reviewed published studies of the past 20 years, carried out on Korean children with rotavirus gastroenteritis. Rotavirus was estimated to be responsible for 46% of 4668 hospitalized Korean children with acute gastroenteritis. Rotavirus gastroenteritis was most prevalent among children aged 6-24 months, which accounted for 84% of all cases. Asymptomatic rotavirus infection was common. Rotavirus was one of the most commonly identified enteric pathogens in nosocomial diarrhea. Vomiting, respiratory symptoms and fever were prominent symptoms in rotavirus gastroenteritis. Transient elevation of liver enzymes, pulmonic infiltration and rarely afebrile convulsion were also observed. The epidemic peak, which occurred in November of the last 15 years, has been moving toward late winter and early spring in recent years. No apparent cause has been found to explain this alteration of peak seasonality. All serotyping studies in Korea for the past 10 years until 1997 revealed that G1 was most prevalent (45-81%). Interestingly, the predominant G serotype of the recent outbreaks in 1998 and 1999 was not G1 but G4. Approximately 95% of rotavirus isolates in recent outbreaks belonged to serotype G1, 2, 3 or 4.
 ...
PMID:Overview of rotavirus infections in Korea. 1098 78

In infancy, partial epilepsies have been considered with suspicion for their probable association with brain lesions. Japanese authors first described partial epilepsies in infancy with a favorable outcome and called them benign partial epilepsy in infancy with complex partial seizures. Similar, but familial, cases with onset during the first year of life were described some years later and called benign infantile familial convulsions. Similar familial cases with subsequent choreoathetosis were described in 1997 and called infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis. Benign infantile convulsions have also been described in association with mild gastroenteritis. Interictal electroencephalography (EEG) was always normal in all of these forms. More recently, a new epileptic syndrome characterized by partial seizures with onset between ages 13 and 30 months, a benign outcome, and characteristic EEG abnormalities in the vertex regions during sleep has been described. There is also an early-onset benign childhood occipital seizure susceptibility syndrome that can start in infancy.
 ...
PMID:Benign idiopathic partial epilepsies in infancy. 1178 99

We studied the incidence of convulsions in 1936 children with acute gastroenteritis. Sixty-eight children had convulsions (3.5%), which were categorized into three groups: (1) bacterial (n = 13; 19%), (2) Rotavirus (n = 30, 44%), and (3) no organism (n = 25; 37%). Only group 2 versus group 3 had a significant association with encephalopathy (P < .002). The relative risk was estimated to determine the risk of encephalopathy: Rotavirus versus no organism isolated (relative risk = 2.308), Rotavirus versus bacterial (relative risk = 1.846), and bacterial versus no organism (relative risk = 1.25). None developed epilepsy. Thus, acute gastroenteritis-related encephalopathy is a benign condition with single or recurrent seizures during an episode of acute gastroenteritis and an excellent prognosis. The underlying mechanism for provoking seizure is unknown. One should be reassured of a good outcome in the majority of children with recurrent episodes of afebrile/febrile seizures during an episode of acute gastroenteritis.
 ...
PMID:Acute gastroenteritis-related encephalopathy. 1178 5

The aim of this study is to reveal the detailed clinical features of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG). We studied 114 consecutive episodes in 105 patients with CwG between January 1995 and March 2000. CwG was defined as when a patient met the following two conditions: (a) seizures accompanied the symptoms of gastroenteritis without clinical signs of dehydration or electrolyte derangement and (b) the body temperature remained less than 38.0 degrees C before and after the seizures. Patients with meningitis, encephalitis/encephalopathy or apparent history of epilepsy were excluded. The age of onset ranged from 8 to 52 months (mean, 21.1 +/- 8.4 months). Six patients (6%) had a family history of afebrile convulsions and seven (7%) had one of febrile convulsions. The average interval between the onset of gastroenteritis and that of seizures was 2.3 +/- 1.1 days (range, 1-6 days). The average number of seizures during a single episode was 2.6 +/- 1.5 (range, 1-7). Two or more seizures occurred in 86 (75%) of the 114 episodes. Seizures induced by pain and/or crying were seen in 35 (43%) of 82 episodes. Antiepileptic drugs were administered for 96 episodes. Seizures did not cease after the administration of one kind of antiepileptic drug in 56 episodes (58%). Epilepsy developed in none of the patients. All patients exhibited normal psychomotor development. CwG is characterized by a cluster of seizures that are sometimes induced by pain and/or crying. The seizures are rather refractory to antiepileptic treatment, although the seizure and development outcomes are good.
 ...
PMID:Clinical features of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis. 1562 48


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>