Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical aspects of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in 103 children under 12 years admitted to hospital over an eight-year period were reviewed retrospectively. Respiratory illnesses occurred in 87 (85%) cases. The prevalence of lower respiratory tract involvement was similar in both pre-school and school children. Cough was the commonest symptom at all ages. Coryzal symptoms and wheeze were common in pre-school children. Most infants had signs of pharyngitis or otitis media. Non-specific symptoms--fever, lethargy, malaise, anorexia and vomiting--were common accompaniments in children older than one year of age. Non-respiratory illnesses in 16 (15%) patients included gastroenteritis, convulsions, non-specific skin rashes and limb pains. The duration of stay in hospital ranged from two to 30 days (median five days) with apparent clinical recovery and resolution of chest X-ray abnormalities within three months in 78 (76%) patients seen for review.
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PMID:Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. A retrospective review of 103 hospitalised children. 53 6

Radiologically diagnosed rickets was found to be common in children of the poorer classes in Tehran. It was frequently associated with gastroenteritis or bronchopneumonia and a large proportion of the children were severely underweight for their age. In children below the age of 1 year malnutrition tended to mask the signs of rickets. Convulsions were much less frequent in the malnourished children; the concentration of calcium in the serum was higher and that of alkaline phosphatase was lower than in those who were well nourished. Biochemistry is of little value in the diagnosis of rickets in the presence of malnutrition.
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PMID:Rickets in Tehran. Study of 200 cases. 112 45

Hematograms, platelet function, and blood-enzyme chemistry were compared in two similar saturation-excursion dives, one conducted in a hyperbaric chamber and the other in the open sea. The chamber dive was more stressful in that it was preceded by a series of bounce decompression dives (one of which produced a 100% incidence of cutaneous pruritus in four subjects) and in that the excursions from saturation depth (60 fsw or 2.818 ATA) were longer and deeper (producing one case of O2 convulsions, one of confirmed decompression sickness, and several of Doppler-detected vascular bubbles). The chamber dive was associated with a marked and significant reduction in circulating platelet count; significant increases in plasma enzyme activities in the victim of O2 toxicity (LDH, CPK) and in one subject with Doppler bubbles and questionable bends symptoms (LDH, GOT, GPT) but not in another; and mild but significant anemia. In the open-water dive, one subject, who developed symptoms of gastroenteritis, showed moderate elevation of LDH, GOT, and GPT activity. No significant change in platelet counts occurred. Both dives were associated with elevated white-cell counts, apparently as a result of numerous minor infections, and reduced sensitivity of platelets of ADP-induced aggregation.
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PMID:Hematology and blood chemistry in saturation diving: II. Open-sea vs. hyperbaric chamber. 122 83

The human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) causes exanthema subitum ("e.s."). "E.s." is characterized by fever, exanthem (rash), in many cases gastroenteritis, occasionally cerebral convulsions (but more frequently general cerebral irritability) and enlargement of all lymph nodes; usually there are mild catarrhal respiratory symptoms of the upper airways (ARD). So-called "complications" of an ARD (pneumonia, acute purulent otitis media, acute sinusitis) due to bacterial infections are very unusual as sequelae of a HHV-6 infection. Here we report the case of 2 small children (toddlers) suffering from bronchopneumonia or pneumonia and acute sinusitis maxillaris associated with an acute HHV-6 infection. It seems that HHV-6 (like other respiratory tract viral pathogens) also can lead to secondary bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract. So far it is not known, why such complications are so rare, although the extreme granulocytopenia accompanying "e.s." suggests a transient disturbance of the antibacterial defence mechanisms.
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PMID:[Complications of acute respiratory tract infection (pneumonia, sinusitis) in young children associated with acute HHV 6 infection]. 132 58

A case of acute pancreatitis and hypoglycemia-associated convulsions following rotavirus gastroenteritis, occurring in a previously healthy 2-year, 8-month-old girl, is reported. Rotavirus infection was demonstrated both by detection of virus particles in stools by electron microscopy and Rotazyme Abbott, and by detection of specific serum IgM and IgG antibodies. Pancreatitis was revealed by raised serum amylase and lipase levels and by ultrasonographic findings. Moreover, transient islet cell antibodies were found. No abnormalities were revealed by clinical and laboratory follow-up studies. As suggested by this case report, further investigations on the possible pancreatic involvement by rotavirus may be helpful.
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PMID:Pancreatitis with hypoglycemia-associated convulsions following rotavirus gastroenteritis. 205 Dec 81

During a 2-year period from January 1988 to December 1989, 125 patients (68 boys, 57 girls), aged 30 days to 9 years, were diagnosed as rotavirus gastroenteritis at this hospital. Diagnosis was made by identification of the rotavirus antigen in stool samples by latex agglutination assay. Ninety-nine (79.2%) of them were under 2 years of age. The seasonal peak in incidence was from January to March. The most common clinical characteristics were watery diarrhea (100%), followed by vomiting (68.8%), fever (68.0%), cough (42.4%), rhinorrhea (17.6%), convulsions (6.4%) and moderate to severe dehydration (1.6%). Fecal occult blood was positive in 4 patients and fecal leukocytes were positive in one patient. Stool cultures revealed concomitant infections with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in 4 patients. Of the 106 patients who underwent serum electrolyte examinations, serum sodium concentrations ranged from 135-145 meq/L in 81.9% (86/106) and serum potassium concentrations ranged from 3.5-5.0 meq/L in 86.8% (92/106). Leukocyte counts greater than 15,000/mm3 were found in 10.8% (13/120) of the patients. All 125 patients recovered from the diarrheal illness on follow-up. Our results showed a different seasonal distribution of this disease from that of a previous observation between 1983-1984 in Taipei City and provides original clinical information on rotavirus gastroenteritis in children living in an area of Taipei County. Using the simple and rapid latex agglutination assay, we can make early diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis. Thus, early treatment and early isolation of patients to prevent nosocomial infection among hospitalized patients is possible.
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PMID:Rotavirus gastroenteritis in children: a clinical study of 125 patients in Hsin-Tien area. 206 88

Fifty-five patients with the diagnosis of shigella gastroenteritis were studied, 29 (52.7%) of whom had convulsions. Various symptoms and signs were compared between patients with and without convulsions to define risk factors for the development of seizures. To have a younger age and high body temperature were important predisposing factors. Hyponatremia and type of shigella organism were not contributing factors in the development of seizures.
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PMID:[Convulsions in childhood Shigella gastroenteritis. An evaluation of risk factors]. 228 93

A retrospective review of charts for 650 children who had lumbar puncture for suspected meningitis was undertaken to determine the characteristics of patients with and without meningitis, identify other conditions suggesting meningitis, and evaluate the predictive value of signs and symptoms of meningitis. The incidence of positive lumbar punctures increased with patient age. Younger infants did not present with classical features of meningitis. Bulging fontanel, lethargy, and irritability were nonspecific symptoms. Vomiting and headache, although not specific, proved to be more sensitive indicators of meningeal infection. Most patients with meningitis (75%) had at least one sign of meningeal irritation, but so did 25% of patients without meningitis. Brudzinski's sign was not specific. In contrast, nuchal rigidity and Kernig's sign had high predictive value. Up to age five, the diseases most often suggesting meningitis were right-sided pneumonia, gastroenteritis, otitis, tonsillitis, exanthema subitum, and urinary tract infections. Of 171 patients with febrile convulsion, one (0.5%) had bacterial meningitis and four had aseptic meningitis.
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PMID:Diseases that mimic meningitis. Analysis of 650 lumbar punctures. 220 11

It is the policy at the Jordan University Hospital to perform lumbar puncture on children with gastroenteritis who present with one or more of the following: age less than 1 month, convulsions, hypoactivity or marked irritability, and depressed sensorium. Review of the records of 737 children admitted with gastro-enteritis between January 1980 and October 1984 showed that lumbar puncture was performed on 351 (47.6%) children. Acute bacterial meningitis was diagnosed in only three children, two of whom had already received treatment before admission and the third had obvious meningeal signs. These findings do not justify the present policy on lumbar puncture in children with gastroenteritis and it is proposed that the procedure be reserved for children in whom abnormal CNS findings persist after initial correction of fluid and electrolyte balance or with overt signs of meningitis.
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PMID:Association of meningitis with infantile gastro-enteritis. 243 31

A systematic investigation of morbidity patterns was conducted in 1977- 80 among 2580 children under 12 years of age attending mobile hospital camps in 4 districts on India's Hamachal Pradesh. The children came from remote villages where socioeconomic and educational levels were low and environmental sanitation was rudimentary. There were 1301 cases of protein energy malnutrition in this group, 124 involving children 0-1 year of age, 514 in the 1-5-year age group, and 663 (51%) in the 5-12- year age group. At the time of examination, 287 of the children were infested with worms and 125 had diarrhea. These 3 conditions-- malnutrition, worm infestation, and diarrhea--were present in 32% of the village children surveyed. The most common form of morbidity was nutritional disorders (malnutrition, anemia, and vitamin deficiencies), affecting 70% of the children. The next most common condition was respiratory infection, affecting 35%. Other disorders affecting significant numbers of children were scabies, pyoderma, convulsions, mental retardation, rheumatic fever and congenital heart diseases, and renal diseases. Morbidity from conditions such as gastroenteritis, measles, and pneumonia was often accompanied by malnutrition. Thus, there is a need in this area for child health programs aimed at providing nutrition education as well as improving immunization coverage.
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PMID:Childhood morbidity in mobile hospital camps in Himachal Pradesh. 262 Sep 84


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