Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Breastfeeding habits of 480 Jewish infants visiting a pediatric emergency room (ER) with infectious diseases were compared to those of 502 healthy infants visiting maternal-child health centers (MCH; these centers are attended by almost 100% of the Jewish infant population). Among infants under 5 months of age with acute gastroenteritis and upper respiratory infections, breastfeeding was significantly less prevalent than among age-matched infants in the MCH group (22.6%, 18.5%, and 53.4% respectively, P0.0001). Infants with acute otitis media and lower respiratory tract infections showed the same trend although the numbers were small. A very short breastfeeding period of 2 weeks or less was more prevalent among the ER group and was associated with increased rates of hospitalization. These data emphasize the importance of breastmilk in reduction of ER visitation and hospitalization rates.
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PMID:Relationship of breast feeding versus bottle feeding with emergency room visits and hospitalization for infectious diseases. 681 44

Sources of information for monitoring infectious disease are routine data, special surveys and ad hoc investigations. In practice much use is necessarily made of routine notifications and laboratory records although this reporting is often incomplete and may therefore be biased. In a retrospective study of a 16-year series (up to 1968) of routine records concerning the diagnosis of gastroenteritis at one Public Health Laboratory we found it possible to identify biases. During school outbreaks of dysentery, laboratory investigation of diarrhoea increased appreciably and such response to publicity affects the use of routine data in surveillance. Although the patients examined were probably representative diagnostically, their selection may not have reflected the age incidence of disease. Valid geographical comparisons within the urban area were not feasible because medical practitioners differed in their use of laboratory facilities and in their habits of notification. Nevertheless, as far as can be established retrospectively, these data did reflect time trends in disease incidence and so had value for monitoring purposes. Several of the biases defined are likely to apply to other sets of routine data. A further communication will describe a statistical method of correcting for quantifiable bias.
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PMID:Monitoring infectious diseases using routine microbiology data. I. Study of gastroenteritis in an urban area. 700 90

Routine data used to study infectious diseases may contain biases which obscure trends. A 16-year series (up to 1968) of routine laboratory data was used to study patterns of incidence of infective gastroenteritis for which no laboratory diagnosis could be made. An artificial pattern was detected. This arose because GPs tended to refer a greater proportion of their patients during dysentery epidemics. Multiple regression analysis was used to separate out this effect so that the underlying trends could be observed. The seasonal pattern of undiagnosed cases showed an autumn peak. There were also early-winter epidemics of disease with little or no excretion of red blood or pus cells in the diagnostic faeces specimen. Some of the winter communicable disease among older children and adults appeared to be associated with signs of a temporary fat malabsorption in pre-school age cases. Undiagnosed cases in older children and adults were not related to the E. coli serotypes causing disease in infants during this period. The statistical method applied increased the usefulness of these routine data. Although this series of laboratory records is now more than a decade old the results of the analysis can be compared with new observations as more is learned about the epidemiology of previously unrecognized pathogens, especially rotaviruses.
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PMID:Monitoring infectious diseases using routine microbiology data. II. An example of regression analysis used to study infectious gastroenteritis. 700 91

We analysed the peripheral leukocyte count of 80 children with shigella gastroenteritis. The total leukocyte count varied widely from leukopenia to leukocytosis, and is therefore of little value in differentiating shigellosis from viral gastroenteritis. The leukocyte differential count, however, revealed a striking shift to the left in 71% of the patients. This parameter may help in the preliminary diagnosis of shigella gastroenteritis. We have stressed the fact that three pediatric textbooks do not refer to this aspect in their relevant chapters on shigellosis.
Infection 1982 Jan
PMID:The differential leukocyte count in shigellosis. 706 29

The hypotheses that porcine proliferative enteritis is an infectious disease and that Campylobacter sputorum subsp mucosalis (CSM) is involved in the development of this disease were experimentally tested. Three experiments were conducted with 10-week-old, cesarean-derived colostrum-deprived pigs. Of 22 pigs given homogenized mucosal scrapings (crude inocula) intragastrically, 15 had gross and/or microscopic lesions of proliferative enteritis. Of 10 pigs inoculated with cultures of both CSM and Salmonella cholerae-suis, 2 had evidence of proliferative enteritis. The 4 pigs treated with S cholerae suis only had diffuse fibrinous gastroenteritis without evidence of mucosal proliferation. Proliferative enteritis was produced in 1 of 5 pigs inoculated with pure cultures of CSM. Proliferative lesions in the intestine were characterized by the proliferation of immature crypt epithelial cells. Affected cells contained variable numbers of curved, intracytoplasmic Campylobacter sp organisms. The CSM organism was isolated from the intestinal mucosa of 8 pigs treated with either crude inocula or cultures of CSM.
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PMID:Porcine proliferative enteritis: experimentally induced disease in cesarean-derived colostrum-deprived pigs. 714 8

Two strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated from stool specimens of a patient who came down with gastroenteritis 20 hours after eating imported mussels which had not been cooked sufficiently. This is the first documented case of V. parahaemolyticus enteritis acquired in the Federal Republic of Germany.
Infection
PMID:[Imported mussels as a cause of Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis]. 717 12

Twenty-four fatal cases of echo 11 infection in the eleven years 1968-78 are presented. All were children, and could be divided into two groups according to age at death and clinical presentation. The first group comprised 12 babies who died aged between 5 and 11 days after a short illness characterised by collapse, acidosis, and bleeding. At necropsy there was evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation with haemorrhage into many organs including the renal medulla, suprarenal glands, gastrointestinal tract, and central nervous system. Six cases showed hepatic necrosis which was massive in three. Virus was present in many tissues. Infection was probably acquired from the mothers at delivery in 3 cases. Low maternal neutralising antibody titres and prematurity were thought to be adverse factors in the outcome. The second group consisted of 12 children aged between 9 weeks and 4 years 10 months who died suddenly. Pathological findings included upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, encephalitis, and gastroenteritis. Six of this group had been classified as 'cot deaths'. The role of echo 11 in the death of some of these older children is unknown. This report shows the danger of echo 11 to neonates, especially if unprotected by maternal antibody.
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PMID:Fatal infection with echovirus 11. 719 96

The use of negative contrast electronmicroscopy of stool suspension in the investigation of the aetiology of childhood gastroenteritis has led to the recognition of a number of candidate viral agents. There is convincing evidence that rotavirus is the single most important cause of community acquired gastroenteritis, and is responsible for some nosocomial outbreaks. The epidemiology of rotavirus acqusition, differential clinical susceptibilities of young and older infants, pathogenesis of disease, mechanisms of immunity and breast milk protection, and the role of different viral serotypes are aspects as yet poorly understood; and attempts to propagate human rotavirus in tissue culture have met with only limited success. Moreover, the aetiologically unaccountable one third of cases of infantile diarrhoea, and the association of enteritis with up to six other virus-like particles add to the complexity of the problem. This review considers the available data from human and animal studies, and based on the experience of ourselves and others comments on the present state of knowledge and trends in continuing research.
Infection 1980
PMID:New concepts in viral gastroenteritis. 739 Jun 21

Rotaviruses are a major cause of gastroenteritis in children world-wide. Rotaviruses are antigenically complex, with multiple serotypes (G types). The first longitudinal study of group A rotavirus serotype (G type) distribution in Hungary is reported. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies specific for G1, G2, G3, and G4 were used in an enzyme immunoassay to determine the antigenic variation of group A rotaviruses in two collections of stool specimens assembled from 1984-1992 in Baranya County, southwest Hungary, and from 1988-1992 at the Central Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Budapest. Ninety-two percent of the 1215 virus-positive samples were typed as follows: G1 (81%), G2 (4%), G3 (1%), G4 (5%), or mixed type (1%). G1 was the predominant type during the entire study period with the exception of the 1988/1989 rotavirus season in Baranya County when G4 predominated. Among G1 strains, different electropherotypes were detected with a shift of the predominant G1 electropherotype(s) each 2 to 3 years. G typing from two longitudinal collections established regional differences within Hungary in the prevalence of rotavirus antigenic types among children with rotavirus-associated diarrhea. These are the first longitudinal rotavirus typing results for Hungary and Central Europe.
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PMID:Group A rotavirus G type prevalence in two regions of Hungary. 750 71

A pet Midas cichlid with a 2-year history of a distended abdomen and inadequate buoyancy control was found, radiographically, to have an abnormally large swim bladder. A recirculating anesthesic machine was constructed, and the fish was anesthetized with tricaine methanesulfonate prior to removing a portion of the swim bladder. The entire procedure lasted 71 minutes. Buoyancy problems in pet fishes are common. Causes include subcutaneous air accumulation, infectious disease of the swim bladder inner ear disease, and gastroenteritis. Reduction of the volume of the swim bladder improved this fish's ability to maintain a normal posture in the aquarium.
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PMID:Pneumocystectomy in a Midas cichlid. 762 32


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