Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of psychological distress was measured by the 30-item general health questionnaire in two populations of mothers: those who had children hospitalized for gastroenteritis and those who cared for children with gastroenteritis at home. Significant differences emerged, with mothers of hospitalized children reporting higher levels of psychological distress. There were no differences in severity of the children's illness between the two groups as indicated by blind ratings of symptomatology from six infectious diseases hospital doctors. Thus hospitalization of children for gastroenteritis was not contingent on medical symptomatology. Instead the evidence indicates that the psychological status of mothers may influence doctors' management decisions on childhood gastroenteritis. Significant positive associations between poor psychological status and poor social resources illustrate the social context in which maternal vulnerability may influence child health care generally. The impact of maternal psychological status on decisions about paediatric care is discussed.
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PMID:Psychological health status of mothers and the admission of children to hospital for gastroenteritis. 236 78

Between January 1985 and December 1987, seventy-five children of intravenous heroin-addicted parents (one or both) were studied. Their ages ranged from 4 days to 14 years. All patients had suffered from several pediatric diseases. Three major types of problems were found among the children studied: infectious diseases, nutritional diseases, and parental neglect and/or disinterest. The most common diagnoses at discharge were gastroenteritis (24%), pneumonia (21%), malnutrition (17%), upper airway infectious diseases (13%), septicemia (12%), child abuse (4%), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (3%), and other infectious diseases (24%). Their parents reported hepatitis B virus infection, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and alcoholism. The unemployment rate among the fathers was 37%. Sixteen percent of mothers were prostitutes. There was an imprisonment record of 19% for mothers and fathers combined. A multidisciplinary approach for this group of children would make prevention possible and care less expensive.
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PMID:Social and medical problems in children of heroin-addicted parents. A study of 75 patients. 239 28

Interferon (IFN) treatment increased the level of 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase and inhibited replication of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) in cultured swine testicular cells. Despite a minimal increase in TGEV titer in IFN-treated swine testicular cells, there was rapid cellular destruction. IFN-treated swine testicular cells had detectable levels of 2-5A (3.6 nM 6 h post-infection) after infection with 30 pfu TGEV/cell. Infection of neonatal pigs with a virulent strain of TGEV caused a significant increase in serum IFN and enterocyte 2-5A synthetase activity, as compared to control pigs. The level of enterocyte 2-5A synthetase in TGEV-infected pigs was increased 25-fold before viral-induced damage of the intestine consistently was present. 2-5A was not detected in enterocytes of either TGEV-infected or control pigs (less than 0.5 nM). Preparations of enterocytes contained two subpopulations of cells, one of which does not support replication of the virus. The considerable dilution of TGEV-infected cells (villous enterocytes) with uninfected cells (crypt cells) may be responsible for our inability to detect 2-5A in enterocytes from TGEV-infected pigs. These results indicate that the 2-5A system in porcine enterocytes and cultured testicular cells is modulated by TGEV infection and/or interaction with IFN.
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PMID:Induction of the 2-5A system by interferon and transmissible gastroenteritis virus. 248 2

The registry of patients at the hospital of Kampene, Zaire, covering the period 1986-87 was examined to determine the hospital's rate of utilization and accessibility, to evaluate mortality, and to ascertain the prevalence of infectious diseases. The 1986 data of the hospital laboratory indicated a high incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases: ancylostomiasis (33.6%); ascariasis (22.9%); schistosomiasis (3.4%); multiple intestinal parasitic infections (10.9%); malaria (43%), often chloroquine-resistant; filariasis (70.8%); and alcohol-acid resistant tuberculosis bacilli (15%). Sexually-transmitted diseases such as vaginitis (80%) were caused by polygamy, prostitution, and promiscuity, HIV serodiagnosis could not be performed because of a lack of equipment. A high infant mortality rate was caused by neonatal tetanus, toxic gastroenteritis, measles (5.1% lethality: 2 died out of 39 cases), and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. Malnutrition caused kwashiorkor and avitaminosis. 792 births were registered at the maternity ward in 1986: 52.8% were male and 47.2% were female; 48 (6.1%) were stillborn or died in the following days; 104 (13.1%) were born prematurely; and 24 (3.1%) were twins. Cesarean section was performed in 43 cases (5.4%). There was a total of 15,099 outpatient visits during a 1-year period. The bed occupancy rate of the surgical ward ranged between .7 and .8 during 1987. Recovery and hospitalization days per doctor or health assistant were very high compared to Italian standards. The lethality of malaria was a high 1.8%, but malnutrition rated even higher: 21.4%. The utilization of the hospital was high, Maternal-child protection measures, especially in the area of nutrition, require the training of community health workers and traditional birth attendants; however, cost-benefit considerations limit resources and the implementation of primary health care is curtailed by economic and cultural factors.
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PMID:[Health care organization and health in a region of Zaire]. 248 74

Over a 9 year period (1354-1362), 139, 436 children were admitted to Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Kabul. Of these, 51,212 (46.8%) children were hospitalized with preventable diseases. 74% of the patients were under age 5. Among the infectious diseases, gastroenteritis accounted for nearly 70% of the admissions. Tuberculosis, measles, diphtheria, and typhoid fever were other common infectious diseases. Malnutrition of varying degree was the core problem among the hospitalized children and was seen in nearly 2/3 of the admissions. 20% of them had severe protein energy malnutrition which contributed to higher mortality. Gastroenteritis contributed /2 (51.5%) of the mortality numbers. Septicemia, tetanus neonatorum, and central nervous system infections were associated with high mortality, especially among the neonates. Deaths following 6 target preventable diseases accounted for nearly 1/4 of the deaths (20.4-24.6%) over this period.
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PMID:Pattern of preventable diseases in Afghanistan: suggestions to reduce the morbidity and mortality at IGICH. 251 Nov 41

The Human Parvovirus (HPV) like other Parvovirus is a single strand DNA virus with autonomous replication which measures 23mm. Infection with this virus is followed by a non-specific viral syndrome during the prodrome, leading to viremia, which may be followed by arthropathy and/or different kind of rash including the syndrome called erythema infectiosum. It has also been related to an increase in the number of spontaneous abortion in pregnant women with acute infection; and it is the etiology of the aplastic crisis in patients with hemolytic anemias. Many other Parvovirus serologically different from HPV are present in stools and are responsible for acute infectious non bacterial gastroenteritis in people more than 5 years old.
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PMID:[Parvovirus infections in humans]. 254 17

Clinical and epidemiological data on 16 patients with HFRS admitted to the University Hospital of Infectious Diseases in Zagreb during the past 10 years (1977-1986) are reported. In 13 of them, the diagnosis was confirmed serologically by indirect fluorescent method. All but two were men between 20 and 45 years of age (80% of patients). The disease appeared sporadically only. According to the domicile, way of living and working all the patients but three mentioned the contact with rodents in the fields or in other places (mill, storehouse). Three patients live in Zagreb and there was no possibility to get infected out of the town. The disease had moderate course, more rarely severe course when shock and acute renal failure developed. General symptoms with fever and algias dominated (febrile stage). Some of the patients had ophthalmic disturbances. Patients with a pronounced gastroenteritis developed shock the most frequently. In some of the patients back and abdominal pains followed by obstipation appeared. HFRS was incriminated disease because of febrile stage followed by the acute renal failure, oliguria, azotemia, polyuria and low urine osmolity. One female patient with active rheumatoid arthritis died after two-week staying in hospital due to irreversible shock followed by cardiopulmonary and renal failure.
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PMID:[Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. 256 68

Cholera gastroenteritis amongst 3595 children under twelve years suffering from acute watery diarrhea was studied for a period of five years (1982-86). V. cholerae 01 could be isolated from 31.7% of total specimens studied. Distribution in different age groups out of total gastroenteritis cases was 7.5% in less than 2 years, 13.1% in 2-5 years and 11.1% in greater than 5-12 years. Out of total cholera cases (1141 isolate) 23.4% occurred in the age group less than 2 yrs., 41.4% in 2-5 yrs. and 35.1% in greater than 5-12 yrs. Infection occurred more often in males in all the age groups. Throughout the study, cholera was observed during summer monsoon season with Ogawa being predominant serotype.
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PMID:Cholera gastroenteritis amongst children in Delhi. 258 73

Rapid air travel has increased the potential for international transmission of infectious diseases. Important aspects of this problem include the transmission of foodborne and waterborne illnesses, the translocation of insect vectors, the rapid transport of individuals with incubating illnesses, the direct transmission of diseases inside aircraft and the transmission of zoonoses through animal transport. Infectious outbreaks on aircraft and in the vicinity of airports have included influenza, staphylococcal gastroenteritis, salmonellosis, cholera and malaria.
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PMID:International spread of disease by air travel. 268 87

We reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of patients with non-typhi Salmonella bacteraemia in our hospital from 1979 to 1988. During the study period 45 non-typhi Salmonella bacteraemias were diagnosed in 43 patients. Ten patients were under one year old and 11 were over 60. Seven cases of sepsis presented in patients with AIDS. Only three episodes were nosocomially acquired. In two of three patients the bacteraemia was preceded by an episode of acute gastroenteritis and one third presented without gastroenteritis. Complications and mortality were infrequent in spite of the differing degrees of adequacy of antibiotic treatment which was inappropriate in many cases. We have attempted to assess optimal antibiotic therapy, taking into account the duration and means of administration, in different groups of patients with nontyphi Salmonella bacteraemia.
Infection
PMID:Non-typhi Salmonella bacteraemia. 268 46


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