Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty cases of nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteriuria were identified by review of cultures performed at the Mayo Clinic (Minn.) from 1985 to 1989 and at the Federal Public Health Laboratory Innsbruck (Austria) from 1979 to 1989. All patients had symptoms of an acute urinary tract infection (UTI). In 24 cases nontyphoidal Salmonella was the sole pathogen isolated. Only 1 patient presented with concomitant gastroenteritis and 2 had experienced episodes of diarrhea during the weeks before the UTI, but 15 patients had positive stool cultures in the absence of a gastrointestinal illness. Among all positive urine cultures at the Mayo Microbiology Laboratory, 0.015% were positive for nontyphoidal Salmonella; at the Federal Public Health Laboratory Innsbruck, 0.024% of organisms cultured from urine were nontyphoidal salmonellae. In the majority of our patients, Salmonella UTI did not differ clinically from UTI caused by other members of the Enterobacteriaceae; only in renal transplant recipients was the course of genitourinary salmonellosis more serious. While some urinary isolates of nontyphoidal Salmonella may be fecal contaminants, all 30 isolates recovered from urine during this study were considered to be the cause of symptomatic UTI.
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PMID:Urinary tract infection caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella: report of 30 cases. 141 1

A total of 206 community-acquired and 73 nosocomial infections in 50 malnourished Jamaican children were studied prospectively. Predominant community-acquired infections in the 50 children, included gastroenteritis (68%), otitis media (60%), rhinopharyngitis (60%), oral candidiasis (46%), skin infections (40%), pneumonia (28%), bacteraemia (24%) and bacteriuria (18%). The most frequent nosocomial infections were rhinopharyngitis (34%), lower respiratory tract infections (24%) and septicaemia (18%). In those infections where an aetiological agent was identified, Giardia lamblia was the commonest enteric pathogen, Staphylococcus epidermidis, the most frequent blood culture isolate and Klebsiella sp. were recovered from the majority of urines. The lack of clinical signs and symptoms and atypical clinical presentation in some infected malnourished children were attributed to impairment of the acute inflammatory response. Diagnosis of infection in these children required a high index of suspicion and a comprehensive screening system. Nasal, throat and axilla swabs taken on admission revealed significant colonization with coliforms and pneumococcus; however, these swabs were not useful as indicators of potentially infective organisms. Four of the 50 children died and two of these deaths were attributed to infection.
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PMID:Nosocomial and community-acquired infections in malnourished children. 340 64

Urine samples from 129 admitted febrile infants were collected using the suprapubic aspiration technique, and subjected to routine urinalysis, culture, and antibiotic sensitivity testing. Most of the infants suffered from respiratory tract infections (n = 80) and gastroenteritis (n = 25). Sixty nine patients were male and sixty female. In all, 7 patients had positive cultures (5.4%), indicating a high yield (> 5%). Six of these were female and occurred in patients with gastroenteritis (p < 0.05 for both by chi 2 and Z test). Four patients showed pus cells and organisms on smear, and all of them were culture positive. Another three had only pus cells, but were also culture positive. One patient each, who had pus cells only or organisms only on smear had no growth on culture. E. coli was grown in 6 of these cases, and Klebsiella in one. All cultures were sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Variable sensitivity was seen with gentamicin, streptomycin, and furadantin. The organisms were uniformly resistant to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. The procedure of suprapubic aspiration was safe with no complications. Our findings indicate that bacteriuria is not uncommon in febrile infants even with clinical evidence of other illnesses and that female children, especially those with gastroenteritis, are at most risk. Routine urine cultures in such patients would appear justified.
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PMID:Prevalence of bacteriuria in febrile infants. 812 87

Salmonellosis is a major cause of gastroenteritis in the United States and can lead to septicaemia, and other extra-intestinal illness including urinary tract infections (UTIs). To examine trends in Salmonella bacteriuria in the United States, surveillance data from the National Salmonella Surveillance System from 1980 to the end of 1999 were reviewed. Overall, 17442 urinary Salmonella isolates were reported, representing 2% of all Salmonella isolates from a known source. This proportion increased from 2% during 1980--1984 to 4% during 1995--1999. The median age of persons from whom these isolates came was 51 years; 12,176 (70 %) were women. Compared to the last national survey conducted between 1968 and 1979, the rate of Salmonella bacteriuria increased among women, from 2.0 per million persons in 1980 to 3.7 in 1999; the highest rate occurring in women > or = 70 years. National reporting of Salmonella bacteriuria increased in absolute incidence and as a proportion of all Salmonella, especially in elderly women and may represent an increase in the incidence of Salmonella UTIs. Better understanding of the uropathogenicity of Salmonella serotypes may further clarify the mechanisms of Salmonella UTIs.
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PMID:Salmonella bacteriuria: an increasing entity in elderly women in the United States. 1547 53