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Query: UMLS:C0017160 (gastroenteritis)
 11,398 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The economic effects of the common helminth parasites of sheep are described and the current methods of prophylaxis adopted by sheep farmers in the United Kingdom reviewed. More efficient prophylactic programmes are outlined and the economic benefit accruing from two programmes designed to control fascioliasis and parasitic gastroenteritis are presented in detail.
Vet Rec 1978 Jan 07
PMID:An economic appraisal of helminth parasites in sheep. 14 50

The first report of globidial gastroenteritis of sheep in Nigeria is presented. Clinical symptoms, gross and histopathological lesions associated with the disease in nine adult rams are described. The importance of differentiating the disease from intestinal coccidiosis in Yankasa sheep is stressed.
Vet Rec 1978 Nov 04
PMID:Gastrointestinal globidiosis of Yankasa sheep in Nigeria. 74 97

An empirical method for forecasting the incidence of parasitic gastroenteritis in sheep in England and Wales is described. The level of disease in lambs in late summer depends on the date soil moisture returns to field capacity (the autumn return date) in the previous year together with rainfall from May to July in the current year. The importance of a late autumn return date and winter weather in relation to disease in stock at other times of the year is also discussed.
Vet Rec 1978 Nov 18
PMID:Forecasting the incidence of parasitic gastroenteritis in lambs in England and Wales. 74 4

Thirty seven piglets with transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) and 41 with other enteric diseases were examined for evidence of villous atrophy and reduced lactase activity. Widespread villous atrophy appeared indicative of TGE whereas normal lactase activity tended to exclude this possibility. However, both tests are far from specific and neither is recommended to practitioners as an aid to clinical diagnosis.
Vet Rec 1977 Apr 16
PMID:Transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs: some observations on laboratory aids to diagnosis. 86 58

Campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported infectious cause of human gastroenteritis in developed countries and broiler chickens are considered to be the major food-borne source of the infection. The control of the infection in man depends upon its control in broiler flocks but the epidemiology in poultry is poorly understood. Up to 50 per cent of broiler flocks may be infected and most of the birds in an infected flock carry the organisms until slaughter. Vertical transmission through the egg appears unlikely but there are many other potential sources of the infection for the chicks; direct contact with infected animals or birds has been proposed and there is also evidence for indirect transmission through drinking water or insect vectors. It is suggested that the cross-sectional studies discussed in this review should be followed by well designed case-control studies to test the aetiological hypotheses put forward.
Vet Rec
PMID:Introduction and spread of thermophilic campylobacters in broiler flocks. 128 51

In summary, during 1991, a substantial cholera outbreak occurred in Nepal. It presented as one of the causes of a multicausal gastroenteritis epidemic which reportedly resulted in nearly 92,000 cases and 1,800 deaths. The 1991 epidemic appeared to have been more severe with a longer duration than the epidemic which occurred in 1990. The overall case-fatality rate was 2.0%. Cholera was confirmed in 63% of faecal specimens processed, compared with 46% during the 1990 epidemic. Specimens from the first and last laboratory-confirmed cases were collected on 14 June and 26 September 1991, respectively. The presence of cholera was confirmed in all 5 development regions in the country. Contaminated public water supplies probably contributed to sustaining disease transmission, at least in urban areas.
Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1992 Sep 11
PMID:Diarrhoeal diseases. Gastroenteritis and cholera epidemic, 1991. 139 40

A competitive ELISA which differentiates between transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) was used to detect non-neutralising antibodies to the peplomer protein of TGEV in porcine sera. The test was shown to be TGEV specific, having a relative specificity of 100 per cent, and to have a relative sensitivity of 94.9 per cent when compared with the virus neutralisation test. The prevalence of TGEV in Great Britain is low; only 0.6 per cent of sows sampled in 1990 were seropositive to TGEV. Seroconversion to the virus neutralisation test occurred in a closed herd in 1984, with no apparent spread, but later testing by the ELISA did not detect any blocking antibodies. The possibility of the existence of a less contagious strain of PRCV is discussed. All British isolates of TGEV tested by the indirect fluorescent antibody test were recognised by the monoclonal antibody 1D.B12, the indicator antibody in the ELISA.
Vet Rec 1991 May 25
PMID:Serological studies of transmissible gastroenteritis in Great Britain, using a competitive ELISA. 165 Oct 28

Two outbreaks of parasitic gastroenteritis were observed in a group of 10 first-season grazing calves, one in mid-July and one in mid-September. In both cases emergency anthelmintic treatment was needed to prevent further damage. Severe clinical signs were observed together with high faecal egg counts and high serum pepsinogen and gastrin concentrations. Low total protein and albumin concentrations were also observed, especially during the second outbreak. The ostertagia antibody levels followed a similar pattern to the serum pepsinogen and gastrin concentrations. At the end of the housing period a mild type II ostertagiasis was observed. In the second grazing season the heifers did not show any signs of parasitic gastroenteritis, but there was a serious outbreak of husk which required treatment.
Vet Rec 1990 Oct 27
PMID:Observations on parasitic gastroenteritis and parasitic bronchitis in calves over two grazing seasons. 226 45

Eight nine-week-old specific-pathogen-free pigs which had been infected with the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)-related porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) and four uninfected littermates were challenged with TGEV. The previous PRCV infection failed to protect them against the enteric TGEV infection. Virus excretion in faeces was detected by an ELISA in all the pigs for three to six consecutive days after inoculation. Although little diarrhoea was observed, the infection extended through much of the small intestine of one of the previously infected pigs four days after inoculation. Challenge with TGEV caused a secondary neutralising antibody response. By using a peroxidase conjugate of a monoclonal antibody which recognises a specific antigenic site on TGEV, antibodies against TGEV could be distinguished from antibodies against PRCV in an ELISA blocking test.
Vet Rec 1989 Jul 15
PMID:Infection with porcine respiratory coronavirus does not fully protect pigs against intestinal transmissible gastroenteritis virus. 254 76

A novel intraruminal bolus developed for the sustained delivery of the anthelmintic morantel tartrate was evaluated in the seasonal control of parasitic gastroenteritis in first season grazing calves. The morantel sustained release trilaminate is a trilaminate sheet consisting of a central lamina of a morantel tartrate/ethylene vinyl acetate matrix coated on both sides with a thin impermeable layer of ethylene vinyl acetate. A symmetrical pattern of circular perforations punched through the device controls the release of morantel. Administration of the trilaminate to calves significantly reduced their faecal egg output compared with untreated controls and thus reduced pasture larval contamination. Clinical parasitic gastroenteritis was prevented in the treated calves and there were significant reductions in their worm burdens compared with the untreated control calves both during and at the end of the grazing season. The control of parasitic gastroenteritis resulted in a significantly greater (P less than 0.0001) weight gain, of 45 kg, by the treated calves.
Vet Rec 1989 Apr 29
PMID:Evaluation of the morantel sustained release trilaminate in the control of parasitic gastroenteritis in first season grazing cattle. 272 96


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