Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0016632 (Fox)
 1,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forkhead transcription factor (Fox) e1 is a causative gene for Bamforth-Lazarus syndrome, which is characterized by hypothyroidism and cleft palate. Applying degenerate polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for the conserved forkhead domain, we identified zebrafish foxe1 (foxe1). Foxe1 is expressed in the thyroid, pharynx, and pharyngeal skeleton during development; strongly expressed in the gill and weakly expressed in the brain, eye, and heart in adult zebrafish. A loss of function of foxe1 by morpholino antisense oligo (MO) exhibited abnormal craniofacial development, shortening of Meckel's cartilage and the ceratohyals, and suppressed chondrycytic proliferation. However, at 27 hr post fertilization, the foxe1 MO-injected embryos showed normal dlx2, hoxa2, and hoxb2 expression, suggesting that the initial steps of pharyngeal skeletal development, including neural crest migration and specification of the pharyngeal arch occurred normally. In contrast, at 2 dpf, a severe reduction in the expression of sox9a, colIIaI, and runx2b, which play roles in chondrocytic proliferation and differentiation, was observed. Interestingly, fgfr2 was strongly upregulated in the branchial arches of the foxe1 MO-injected embryos. Unlike Foxe1-null mice, normal thyroid development in terms of morphology and thyroid-specific marker expression was observed in foxe1 MO-injected zebrafish embryos. Taken together, our results indicate that Foxe1 plays an important role in chondrogenesis during development of the pharyngeal skeleton in zebrafish, probably through regulation of fgfr2 expression. Furthermore, the roles reported for FOXE1 in mammalian thyroid development may have been acquired during evolution.
 ...
PMID:Forkhead transcription factor foxe1 regulates chondrogenesis in zebrafish. 1948 87

Fox-factors modulate epithelial and mesenchymal cell fates in different stages during embryonic development. In the context of cancer they have mainly been described by their impact on cell proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Several studies have now pointed out that distinct members of the Forkhead transcription factor family are critically involved in modulating epithelial plasticity of carcinoma cells and thereby putatively enhance their metastatic and malignant capacity. Here we highlight these recent findings about new aspects of Fox-factor biology, which suggest that Fox-factors have a central role in the regulation of epithelial cell fates and cancer progression. A comprehensive molecular understanding of Fox-factors in this regard may provide potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.
 ...
PMID:Forkhead factors regulate epithelial plasticity: impact on cancer progression. 2168 26