Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0016632 (Fox)
 1,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1976 and 1985, 155 patients from the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, the Philadelphia Veterans Administration Hospital, and the Fox Chase Cancer Center were divided into groups, each of which was treated with one of three preoperative radiotherapy regimens to be followed by cystectomy. Patients initially were treated with 4000 cGy during 4 weeks followed by cystectomy (16 patients). Beginning in 1978, patients received 2000 cGy in 1 week prior to surgery (70 patients). Since 1982, 40 patients were treated with 500 cGy on the day prior to surgery with postoperative radiation therapy reserved for patients with either involved margins of resection, advanced stage or high grade. A fourth group of 20 patients was either not offered or refused preoperative radiation. Nine patients received only postoperative radiation therapy. The 5-year actuarial disease-free survival for pathologic Stages B2, C, and D lesions (T3-4, N0-2), was 63% for those who had received high-dose radiation versus 21% for those that had low-dose or no radiation. Patients with advanced pathologic stage disease who had received greater than 2000 cGy had a reduced rate of local failure (11% versus 27% for those who had received less treatment). Patients with abnormal upper tracts as shown on the intravenous pyelograms (IVP) had a reduced 5-year determinate survival of 23% versus 65% for patients with normal upper tracts. This condition did not independently affect survival, but rather reflected advanced stage. Patients with abnormal creatinine levels had a decreased survival that was independent of stage. Computed tomography was found to have low sensitivity for determining extravesical extension (39%) and metastatic lymphadenopathy (12%). Patients with clinical Stage B2 and C disease (T3) that were downstaged had a 63% 5-year survival versus 18% of those that were not downstaged. The incidence of both ureteroenteral strictures and stomal complications was found to be higher in the 2000 cGy group than in those patients treated with the other regimens. The overall incidence of complications in that group was also significantly greater. We conclude that there is a continuing role for adjuvant radiotherapy in invasive bladder carcinoma to improve both pelvic control and survival. The 500 cGy radiotherapy "sandwich" regimen was equal in terms of pelvic control and survival to the other regimens and showed less overall morbidity. The 2000 cGy regimen was associated with the greatest incidence of morbidity and did not substantially improve pelvic control.
 ...
PMID:A comparison of preoperative radiotherapy regimens for bladder carcinoma. The University of Pennsylvania experience. 333 59

Presents an obituary of Ronald E. Fox (1936-2018). Fox was a visionary, trailblazer, and leader in the practice of psychology for over 50 years, renowned for his ability to bring psychologists together to meet society's most pressing needs. Fox envisioned a broad social role for professional psychology, moving beyond psychotherapy for people with psychological problems to encompass general health, prevention, and well-being. He also had a long history of involvement in the APA. He was always a step or two ahead of us-creating the Practice Directorate, supporting the APA's reorganization that created the directorate structure, urging all of us to contribute to political action. He was recognized for his contributions with many awards, including the Distinguished Career Contributions to Practice of Psychology Gold Medal Award from the American Psychological Foundation (1994) and the Raymond D. Fowler Award for Outstanding Contributions to APA (2009). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
 ...
PMID:Ronald E. Fox (1936-2018). 3028 95

Previous attempts to understand the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be limited by the tendency to focus exclusively on "externally directed cognition" (EDC) while ignoring "internally directed cognition" (IDC; Dixon, Fox, & Christoff, 2014. There is clear evidence that ADHD reflects deficiencies in EDC because of weaknesses in modulatory, motivational, and cognitive control constructs, but little is currently known about the integrity of IDC in ADHD. In the present study, we used a verbal episodic memory task involving immediate free recall to assess the integrity of EDC and IDC in a sample of 111 adolescents, 50 with study-confirmed diagnoses of ADHD and 61 without. The ADHD group was found to have significantly worse scores on outcomes that depend on EDC during encoding (serial position), and significantly better scores on outcomes that depend on IDC during retrieval (lag-conditional response probabilities). In addition, model parameters estimating the contribution of EDC and IDC processes were fit to these data using the retrieved context model of memory search. The model suggested that, during encoding, the ADHD group had slower mental context drift, indicative of weaker externally directed attention to the list items, as well as deficiencies in their ability to allocate and sustain attention when the study list first appeared. During retrieval, in contrast, the model suggested that the ADHD group had faster mental context drift indicative of stronger internally directed attention to retrieved context. These findings provide novel evidence that ADHD reflects impaired EDC and enhanced IDC, and they reinforce the clinical relevance of distinguishing EDC and IDC in future studies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
 ...
PMID:ADHD reflects impaired externally directed and enhanced internally directed attention in the immediate free-recall task. 3058 4

Transcriptional factors (TFs) play a central role in governing gene expression under physiological conditions including the processes of embryonic development, metabolic homeostasis and response to extracellular stimuli. Conceivably, the aberrant dysregulations of TFs would dominantly result in various human disorders including tumorigenesis, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Serving as the most evolutionarily reserved TFs, Fox family TFs have been explored to exert distinct biological functions in neoplastic development, by manipulating diverse gene expression. Recently, among the Fox family members, the pilot roles of FoxAs attract more attention due to their functions as both pioneer factor and transcriptional factor in human tumorigenesis, particularly in the sex-dimorphism tumors. Therefore, the pathological roles of FoxAs in tumorigenesis have been well-explored in modulating inflammation, immune response and metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the impressive progression of FoxA functional annotation, clinical relevance, upstream regulators and downstream effectors, as well as valuable animal models, and highlight the potential strategies to target FoxAs for cancer therapies.
 ...
PMID:Functionally analyzing the important roles of hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 (FoxA) in tumorigenesis. 3232 65