Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016632 (Fox)
 1,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a previous report, we localized the gene for a 130-kilodalton envelope glycoprotein (gI) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) to a 3.6-kilobase HpaI-KpnI restriction endonuclease fragment from the long unique region of the BHV-1 genome (map position 0.405 to 0.432) and showed that a herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein B (gB) probe uniquely hybridized to this BHV-1 restriction fragment. Here we present the complete nucleotide sequence of the BHV-1 gI gene and the predicted 932-amino-acid sequence of the gI primary translation product. Comparison with the published nucleotide sequence of the HSV-1 (KOS) gB gene (D. J. Bzik, B. A. Fox, N. A. DeLuca, and S. Person, Virology 133:301-314, 1984) reveals a similarity of 56.3% at the nucleotide level and 45.9% at the amino acid level. Upstream of the proposed gI coding region are potential mRNA transcriptional promoter elements including a TATA box and multiple Sp1 binding sites (GC boxes). Downstream of the gI coding region are two sequence elements associated with mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation (AATAAA and a GT-rich region roughly 30 nucleotides further downstream). Like HSV-1 gB, the predicted gI amino acid sequence exhibits two broad hydrophobic regions likely to represent a transient amino-terminal signal sequence and a transmembrane anchor domain (near the carboxyl terminus). Additional features shared with gB include 6 potential N-linked glycosylation sites and 10 highly conserved cysteine residues in the gI extracellular domain. Two regions of nonsimilarity between gI and gB are a centrally located 22-amino-acid region of gI for which there is essentially no gB counterpart and the transient amino-terminal leaders which differ in both size and sequence. The hydrophobic signal sequence of the gI leader, unlike that of gB, is preceded by an unusually large region of predominantly hydrophilic amino acids. The unusual length of the gI leader may result from an overlap between that portion of the gI coding region and a potential upstream coding region.
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PMID:Comparison of the bovine herpesvirus 1 gI gene and the herpes simplex virus type 1 gB gene. 284 84

The deoxypyrimidine nucleoside analog 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-iodocytosine (FIAC) is a potent and selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro (C. Lopez, K. A. Watanabe, and J. J. Fox, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 17:803-806, 1980). Isopycnographic analysis demonstrated that 1 microM FIAC inhibited herpes simplex virus DNA replication by more than 95% but inhibited cellular DNA replication by only 32%. Mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 selected resistant to FIAC displayed linked resistance to other nucleoside analogs, including arabinosylthymine and acyclovir. Lysates derived from Vero cells infected with FIAC-resistant virus showed markedly lower levels of thymidine kinase activity and were unable to phosphorylate selectively arabinosylthymine or FIAC, in contrast to lysates from cells infected with wild-type herpes simplex virus type 1. Finally, drug-resistant virus displayed a 6,000-fold decrease in pathogenicity when inoculated intraperitoneally into genetically susceptible A/J mice. These results indicate that resistance to deoxypyrimidine nucleoside analogs is due, at least in part, to alterations in viral thymidine kinase and is accompanied by decreased pathogenicity in vivo.
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PMID:Enzymology and pathogenicity in mice of a herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant resistant to 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-iodocytosine. 301 8

The gene for glycoprotein gB2 of herpes simplex virus type 2 strain 333 was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in mammalian cells. The gB2 protein had an overall nucleotide and amino acid sequence homology of 86% with the cognate gB1 protein. However, of the 125 amino acid substitutions or deletions, only 12.5% were conservative replacements. These differences were clustered within an NH2-terminal region, a central region, and a COOH-terminal region, resulting in domains of near identity broken by small regions of marked divergence. Regions of greatest homology included a 90-amino-acid stretch starting at residue 484 and 39 amino acids spanning residues 835 to 873, which cover a rate-of-entry locus mapped to Ala-552 and a syn locus mapped to Arg-857, respectively, in gB1 by Bzik et al. (D. J. Bzik, B. A. Fox, N. A. DeLuca, and S. Person, Virology 133:301-314, 1984). Pellett et al. (P. E. Pellett, K. G. Kousoulas, L. Pereira, and B. Roizman, J. Virol. 53:243-253, 1985) mapped the mutations in three monoclonal antibody-resistant gB1 mutants between amino acids 273 and 443. These epitopes are included in a region of 98 residues identical between gB1 and gB2. The identity of this protein was verified by placing a truncated gene lacking the 303 carboxyl-terminal amino acids of gB2 into mammalian COS and CHO cells. Expression was demonstrated by immunofluorescence and radioimmunoprecipitation. This protein will be purified from the stable CHO cell lines and compared with gB1 for immunogenicity and protective efficacy in animal challenge models.
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PMID:Structure and expression of the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gB gene. 302 64

The uncoupling protein-1 gene is uniquely expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and is positively regulated by cold exposure of animals and the sympathetic nervous system. To analyse the importance of a previously identified 211-bp enhancer [Cassard-Doulcier, Gelly, Fox, Schrementi, Raimbault, Klaus, Forest, Bouillaud and Ricquier (1993) Mol. Endocrinol. 7, 497-506] in the tissue-specific expression of this gene, transgenic mice were generated using the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene as a reporter gene. One out of fourteen lines of the control transgenic mice bearing the Herpes simplex thymidine kinase (TK) promoter expressed weakly the CAT reporter gene in several tissues, whereas the other lines did not express CAT. Eight founders bearing the 211-bp enhancer-TK transgene were obtained. In six lines, no expression of CAT was detected. In one line, the expression of CAT was restricted to BAT. In another line, the expression of CAT was found in BAT and, to a lesser extent, in testis. Moreover, in these lines a marked and specific increase in the expression of the reporter gene in BAT was observed either after exposure of mice to the cold or by treating them with a beta-adrenoceptor agonist drug. These results demonstrate that the 211-bp enhancer alone is sufficient to both direct and restrict expression to BAT. This enhancer also mediates the transcriptional response of the gene to beta-adrenergic stimulation, although it does not contain conserved cAMP response element.
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PMID:A 211-bp enhancer of the rat uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) gene controls specific and regulated expression in brown adipose tissue. 965 61

Recently a group of hormonal contraceptives, used in the treatment of skin diseases, has been taken off the market, leading dermatologists to critically evaluate sex hormone (SH) therapy. The antiandrogenic side effect of hormonal contraceptives has been effective in treating hormonally induced skin disorders, e.g., involving oil or endocrine secretion, and hair growth. SH therapy is indicated for treatment of female acne (reports of 70% success after 2-6 months' intensive therapy), and in some cases male acne, and also for seborrhoea (report of 90% success after 1-3 months' intensive treatment), also for female sebocystamatose and Fox-Fordyce disease. In the case of female androgenic alopecia and hirsutism, SH therapy results are limited. Rosacea and periole dermatitis should probably not be treated with SH therapy. Patients with skin disorders should carefully avoid any androgen-effective oral contraceptives, even for birth control purposes, and pay particular attention to the progesterone content, since some progesterones have androgenic aftereffects (testosterone anabolica, nortestosterone derivatives). The 2-phased Eunomin with chlormadinone is 1 recommended hormonal antiandrogenic preparation available at the present time. If 1-phase therapy is preferable, Menova may be used. Since remissions of psoriasis have been observed in pregnancy, SH therapy with nortestosterone may be indicated; and also in the case of herpes simplex menstrualis and perigo simplex subacuta, therapy should be attempted.
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PMID:[Systematic treatment with sex hormones in dermatology]. 1230 25