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Query: UMLS:C0016632 (Fox)
 1,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bilateral primary breast cancers occur commonly enough to justify adoption of special pre- and post-initial therapy screening. A 13.2% incidence of bilateral breast carcinoma has been found in the breast cancer patients who presented to the Fox Chase Cancer Center with an operatively manageable primary in an arbitrarily defined 30-month period and who have been followed for at least 20 months thereafter. Of the 287 patients seen in those 30 months, 4.5% had synchronously detectable lesions. Xeroradiography is helpful in the initial and follow-up evaluation of the patient for detection of a second primary and may lead to the discovery of an earlier-stage lesion. A history of a family member having a breast cancer was shown to be significant, 26% and 24% for primary and secondary relatives, respectively, and warrant a special screening strategy. Recognition of these factors may lead to earlier detection of curable breast cancers.
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PMID:Bilateral breast carcinoma: prospective evaluation of factors assisting diagnosis. 373 61

The phenomena of heat-induced G1 delay and thermal resistance were compared in synchronous populations of CHO cells. Mildly toxic induction doses of 5 min (Single cell survival, (SCS) = 0.90 +/- 0.06) and 10 min (SCS = 0.69 +/- 0.12) at 45 degrees C resulted in G1 delays of 4.3 and 11.3 h, respectively. Thermal resistance was tested (30 min, 45 degrees C) for up to 32-92 h following the induction dose. Thermal resistance did not start to decay prior to 26 h following the induction dose. These data confirm reports by R. R. Read, M. H. Fox, and J. S. Bedford [Radiat. Res. 98, 491-505 (1984)] and G. L. Rice, J. W. Gray, P. N. Dean, and W. C. Dewey [Cancer Res. 44, 2368-2376 (1984)] that acutely heated G1 populations of CHO cells progress into S phase without a concurrent loss of thermal resistance, using 45 degrees C induction doses even less toxic than used by other workers.
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PMID:Decay of thermal resistance following acute heating is independent of the G1- to S-phase transition. 373 76

Twelve patients with pulmonary neoplasms treated at the Fox Chase Cancer Center were found to have a syndrome of axillary-subclavian vein occlusion. Ten patients had non-small-cell lung carcinoma, one had small cell carcinoma, and one had mesothelioma. In eight patients, this vascular syndrome developed as a consequence of progressive or metastatic recurrent disease, while in four patients it presaged the appearance of the initial malignant disease. Axillary-subclavian vein occlusion should be easily differentiated from the superior vena cava syndrome. Treatment with anticoagulation therapy in addition to specific antitumor therapy may relieve symptoms and signs without altering the occlusion itself.
Cancer 1981 Oct 15
PMID:Axillary-subclavian vein occlusion in patients with lung neoplasms. 626 30

The majority of information available today indicates that the most efficient and accurate method of screening women to detect early-stage breast cancer is an aggressive program of patient self-examination, physical examination by well-trained, motivated personnel, and high-quality x-ray mammography. There are two important factors in the implementation of mammographic screening. The first is the availability of facilities to perform high-quality, low-dose mammography, which is directly related to the second factor: the expense to society for support of this large-scale effort. Cost-benefit analysis is beyond the scope of this review. In 1979 Moskowitz and Fox attempted to address this issue, using data from the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project in Cincinnati, but additional analysis is required. The cost for each "curable" cancer that is detected must be compared with the psychological, social, and personal losses that accrue, as well as the numerous medical expenses incurred, in a frequently protracted death from breast cancer. All other imaging techniques that have been reviewed should be regarded as adjuncts to rather than replacements for mammographic screening (Table 1). Ultrasound and computerized tomography are helpful when the physical examination and mammogram are equivocal. Other techniques, such as transillumination, thermography, and magnetic-resonance imaging, should be considered experimental. In patients with clinically evident lesions, x-ray mammography is helpful to evaluate the suspicious area, as well as to "screen" the remaining tissue in both breasts and to search for multicentric or bilateral lesions. Mammography is the only imaging technique that has been proved effective for screening. The low doses required by present-day mammographic technology pose a possible risk that is so small it is not measurable. The image quality has improved considerably over the past decade, and data supporting the benefits of mammography are increasing. As a result, the American Cancer Society has recently modified its recommendations to include mammographic screening of asymptomatic women beginning at the age of 40 years (Table 2). Before any new system can be considered a replacement for mammographic screening, carefully executed trials are necessary to prove efficacy beyond anecdotal claims.
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PMID:Breast imaging. 636 62

The induction of G1-phase arrest in T-lymphoblasts by cytostatic concentrations of 2'-deoxyadenosine (R. M. Fox, R. F. Kefford, E. H. Tripp, and I. W. Taylor, Cancer Res., 41: 5141-5150, 1981) prompted a flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle effects of three other adenosine analogues with known effects on polyadenylated RNA metabolism in an attempt to further explore the nature of 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate-mediated lymphotoxicity. Cytostatic concentrations of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine induced an S-phase block, while 3'-deoxyadenosine (cordycepin) and tubercidin (7-deazaadenosine) induced a cycle-nonspecific block. Furthermore, total cellular RNA content was unaltered by 2'-deoxyadenosine or 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine, but 3'-deoxyadenosine and tubercidin caused a marked reduction in total cellular RNA at minimally cytostatic concentrations. At concentrations of 0.3 to 20 microM, all of these nucleosides were toxic to nondividing peripheral blood lymphocytes, suggesting that in these cells their mechanism of action does not involve reactions associated with DNA replication. Inhibition of polyadenylated RNA metabolism by triphosphate derivatives of adenosine analogues may account for lymphocytotoxicity in nondividing cells, but the demonstrated diverse effects of these nucleosides on nucleic acid metabolism in dividing cells preclude elucidation of the mechanism of the unique induction of G1-phase arrest by 2'-deoxyadenosine.
Cancer Res 1983 Nov
PMID:Flow cytometric analysis of adenosine analogue lymphocytotoxicity. 657 44

Although WR-2721, S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioc acid, is the most widely studied and most effective radioprotective drug at present, it is nevertheless clear from animal studies that it has important shortcomings as the ideal radioprotector in clinical radiotherapy. More effective and less toxic radioprotective drugs are needed. For this reason, a chemical radioprotector screening program has been initiated at the Fox Chase Cancer Center under a contract with the National Cancer Institute. Most of the 20 compounds that have now entered the screening program provide good protection of the mouse hematopoietic system as indicated by 30 day survival following the radiation LD100/30. Administration of a radioprotector dose equal to one half of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD/2) gave hematopoietic dose reduction factors (DRF's) as high as 2.3. No radioprotector appeared to be superior to WR-2721, although four others gave DRF's exceeding 1.8.
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PMID:Early results of the screening program for radioprotectors. 705 40

Two hundred seventy-five patients with breast cancer and no axillary metastases had mastectomies and axillary node dissection performed during the period between 1970 and 1979 at The Fox Chase Cancer Center. They had a mean age of 60 years (range, 21-91) and 38 (14%) patients have had recurrence to date. Poor histologic differentiation and skin involvement were related to a high risk of recurrence. Those patients with skin infiltration by tumor or a poorly differentiated tumor had a 53 +/- 9% expected five-year tumor-free survival, whereas patients without these had a 90 +/- 2% expected five-year tumor-free survival. Tumor involvement of the lymphatic vessels within the breast and estrogen receptor protein positivity or negativity were not helpful for identifying a subpopulation at increased risk of recurrence. Large tumor size was not a poor prognostic indicator for a patient subpopulation. These factors should be considered as indicators for inclusion in clinical trials and adjuvant therapy and used as stratification points for the analysis of the data developed in these trials.
Cancer 1982 Nov 01
PMID:Breast cancer without axillary metastases. Are there high-risk biologic subpopulations? 711 7

Over ten years, 70 patients with soft tissue sarcoma were treated for their primary tumors at the hospital of The Fox Chase Cancer Center. The clinical characteristics of these tumors are correlated with the outcome of various management efforts. The results of these evaluations identify three groups that can provide the basis for future treatment decisions and stratification for randomized studies of management options. The first group of patients, those with small well differentiated tumors, have no systemic spread regardless of the treatment modality used. The second group, those with large (greater than 5 cm) tumors that are moderately or poorly differentiated, do uniformly poorly despite the management techniques used. An intermediate group, those with high grade or large size but not both, have outcomes which may be correlated to treatment modalities.
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PMID:Analysis of staging and management of patients with sarcoma: a ten-year experience. 736 14

Digital imaging is becoming more and more important in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of patients in radiation oncology. In order to facilitate the most efficient interface of this technology to physicians and other users of this information, a medical image display system (MID) has been developed at the Fox Chase Cancer Center (FCCC). The system runs on 20 personal computers situated in physicians offices as well as a modified system located in the radiation oncology conference room. Access to CT, MRI, and EPID information is achieved through an Ethernet connection to the hospital picture archiving and communications system (PACS). Over a 1-year period a total of 503 patients and 3845 images have been stored on the system. Physician approval using the MID system (without conventional films) was performed on 106 patients. Of these, 22%, 16%, 11%, 10%, and 9% consisted of breast, prostate, pelvic, lung, and head and neck patients, respectively. Digital images sent from a variety of image sources to the MID system take up to 15 s to process and format while image access and display can take 2-5 s, dependent upon image size and speed of the host computer.
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PMID:Picture archiving and communications systems in radiation oncology (PACSRO): tools for a physician-based digital image review system. 779 99

Local or regional recurrence is frequent in patients treated for rectal cancer. Many will die with regional disease in the absence of distant metastases. To achieve cure or palliation, radical surgery resulting in large pelvic defects may be warranted. Myocutaneous flap reconstruction may be used to achieve satisfactory closure. From 1988 to 1993, nine patients (5 female, 4 male) underwent 10 myocutaneous flap reconstructions for large perineal or pelvic defects following surgical extirpation of recurrent rectal cancer at Fox Chase Cancer Center. All nine patients had been previously treated with radiation therapy. Their clinical course was reviewed and quality of life assessed. The mean age at diagnosis of recurrence was 56 years. In six, this was a first, and in three patients a second recurrence. Clinical presentation was most often bleeding, abscess, or perineal pain. Resection was determined by extent of recurrence and included perineal resection, pelvic exenteration, cystectomy, sacrectomy, or coccygectomy. Extent of disease necessitated intraoperative radiation therapy in one case and placement of brachytherapy catheters in four. Bilateral gracilis flaps were used in four, unilateral in three, gluteus maximus in two, and combined gluteal and gracilis flaps in one patient. Six perineal and four combined perineal and vaginal defects were reconstructed. The mean length of surgery was 9.1 hours, and the length of hospitalization averaged 17.5 days. In nine of 10 cases, patients had prehospital level of function at discharge. Acute surgical flap-related complications included three cases of minor wound infection or separation, two of minimal but persistent drainage, and one of vaginal colonization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Reconstruction with myocutaneous flaps following resection of locally recurrent rectal cancer. 779 38


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