Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recent work has shown that UW may be better than standard cardioplegic solutions for short-term heart preservation. In this study we have used a rabbit heart model to evaluate a simplified UW solution in which penicillin, dexamethasone, insulin, allopurinol, and adenosine were omitted and 5% polyethylene glycol (PEG20M) was substituted for hydroxyethyl starch. The test systems consisted of 4-hr cardioplegic storage at 15 degrees C with repeated flushing every 30 min for 2 hr and 24-hr hypoxic low-flow microperfusion (3 ml/g/24 hr) at 0 degrees C. Control groups were arrested with a 15-25 ml flush in iced saline and immediately tested. Cardiac output (CO)* after preservation was measured in a working heart model using an acellular perfusate at 37 degrees C at an aortic pressure of 100 cm H2O. The CO (ml/g heart wt/min) were as follows--Controls: St. Thomas II 20.5 +/- 8.3 (5), UW 34.7 +/- 11.7 (16), PEG20M 41.8 +/- 4.4 (14); 4-hr cardioplegia: St. Thomas II 17.4 +/- 0.9 (4), Bretschneider HTK 14.9 +/- 7.0 (4), UW 25.2 +/- 11.5 (9), PEG20M 41.1 +/- 7.8 (8); 24-hr microperfusion: UW 25.4 +/- 11.1 (18), PEG20M 37.1 +/- 8.2 (18). Following cardioplegic or microperfusion preservation, PEG20M hearts functioned at control levels (P greater than 0.05) and were significantly superior to all other solutions, with approximately double the CO (P less than 0.05, all other groups). We conclude that for heart preservation, 5 components can be eliminated from UW and substitution of PEG20M for HES appears to have improved its performance.
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PMID:Optimal cardioplegia and 24-hour heart storage with simplified UW solution containing polyethylene glycol. 230 54

A total of 278 orthotopic rat liver grafts, without arterialization, were performed, in an attempt to determine which of the individual components of UW solution are essential. Livers were preserved by in situ flushing and cold storage with the following results: 56% of rats survived for 1 week after 9 hr of preservation with UW solution as compared with 44% using Marshall solution, and 10% using Collins solution. Having established LD 50 for UW solution, we then omitted its components one at a time and found that omission of HES, raffinose, allopurinol, adenosine, phosphate buffer, or MgSO4 did not change survival after 9 hr of preservation. Omission of lactobionate, glutathione, and dexamethasone, respectively, resulted in decreased survival, whereas elimination of insulin surprisingly increased survival. In ensuing dose-response studies, the concentrations of lactobionate, glutahione, dexamethasone in UW solution proved to be optimal. Finally, livers were preserved with a solution containing only lactobionate, glutathione, dexamethasone, raffinose, and phosphate buffer, resulting in 53% animal survival, as compared with 56% for the unchanged UW solution. We conclude that UW solution can be simplified without loss of effectiveness in this model.
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PMID:Rat liver preservation. I. The components of UW solution that are essential to its success. 236 Feb 49

The results of infusion of fluorocarbon blood substitute (FCBS) in surgical patients (including war casualties) are presented. One hundred and forty patients (male 82, female 58, age 17-71 years) were infused with 200-1,000 ml of FCBS during operation. Fourteen cases were emergency operations because of trauma and/or hemorrhagic shock and 113 cases were selective operations. Thirteen cases were war casualties. Seventy-three patients also received 300-2,700 ml of banked blood. The vital signs and ECG received normal and blood pressure increased significantly (compared to pre-infusion P 0.01) during and after infusion. Hemoglobin and RBC values did not change significantly, however, WBC counts increased for a week. PaO2 increased significantly (P less than 0.05) compared with preinfusion or the control group (infused with same dose of HES). pH and PaCO2 did not change remarkably. Platelet count decreased transiently, but platelet function did not change, nor did coagulation function. Fibrinolysis was more active, but recovered in 24 hours. The decrease of CH50 was observed immediately after infusion and recovered in 72 hours. There was no change in hepatic and renal function; however, transient increase of SGPT was found in 3 cases. The results suggested that the FCBS had the capacity of carrying oxygen and expanding plasma volume. It is efficient to apply as an alternative to blood transfusion during operation in treatment of traumatic and/or hemorrhagic shock even in war casualties. Transient chest tightness and/or flushing were found in 5 cases at the beginning of the infusion, and disappeared when the infusion slowed down. Urticaria after infusion were observed in 2 cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Perfluorocarbon as blood substitute in clinical applications and in war casualties. 326 55