Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Azotobacter vinelandii OP which had been naturally induced to competence by growth in iron- and molybdenum-limited medium was transformed with the broad-host-range cloning vector pKT210. However, the transformation frequency at nearly saturating levels of DNA was 1000-fold lower for pKT210 than for a single chromosomal DNA marker (nif+). Plasmid- and chromosomal-DNA-mediated transformation events were competitive, magnesium-dependent, 42 degrees C-sensitive processes specific to double-stranded DNA, suggesting a common mechanism of DNA binding and uptake. The low frequency of plasmid transformation was not related to restriction of transforming DNA or to the growth period allowed for phenotypic expression. Covalently-closed-circular and open-circular forms of pKT210 transformed cells equally well whereas EcoRI- or HindIII-linearized pKT210 transformed cells with two to three times greater efficiency. Genetic transformation was enhanced 10- to 50-fold when pKT210 contained an insert fragment of A. vinelandii nif DNA, indicating that A. vinelandii possessed a homology-facilitated transformation system. However, all transformants failed to maintain the plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance determinants, and extrachromosomal plasmid DNA was not recovered from these cells. Flush-ended pKT210 was not active in transformation; however, competent cells were transformed to Nif+ by HincII-digested plasmid DNA containing the cloned A. vinelandii nif-10 marker.
J Gen Microbiol 1987 Aug
PMID:Plasmid transformation of Azotobacter vinelandii OP. 344 52

Histamine fish poisoning, also known as scombroid poisoning, is a histamine toxicity syndrome that results from eating specific types of spoiled fish. Although typically a benign syndrome, characterized by self-limited flushing, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms, we describe a case unique in its severity and as a precipitant of an asthma exacerbation. A 25-year-old woman presented to the emergency department (ED) with one hour of tongue and face swelling, an erythematous pruritic rash, and dyspnea with wheezing after consuming a tuna sandwich. She developed abdominal pain, diarrhea and hypotension in the ED requiring admission to the hospital. A diagnosis of histamine fish poisoning was made and the patient was treated supportively and discharged within 24 hours, but was readmitted within 3 hours due to an asthma exacerbation. Her course was complicated by recurrent admissions for asthma exacerbations.
J Gen Intern Med 2012 Jul
PMID:A case of histamine fish poisoning in a young atopic woman. 2233 2

The extensive microbial contamination of DUW in this study is consistent with that described in previous reports. Comparisons with other common public potable water sources emphasize the relatively high concentrations of microorganisms in DUW, and the low numbers of bacteria in most domestic water samples. Microscopic evidence of amebas and worms in DUW reinforces the need for further qualitative and quantitative studies of these contaminants of dental tubing biofilm. In most cases, flushing for two minutes reduced microbial concentrations in DUW. However, in a few cases, concentrations rose; in others, the reductions were negligible. Moreover, after 30 minutes of stasis, or use of the waterline in a routine dental procedure, microbial counts were frequently restored to preflush levels or higher. The longer-term ineffectiveness 30 minutes after flushing is understandable when the hydrodynamics of laminar flow of water in narrow-bore tubing are considered. Biofilm on the tubing wall remains intact during flushes and quickly generates more bacteria during stasis. Increased bacterial concentrations after flushing probably result from sloughing of biofilm from the tubing wall because of stretching and movement of the line during routine use. These two phenomena undermine the benefits of routine water flushes. It is a common belief that bacterial levels build to extremes during overnight or weekend stasis; we observed more variation in contamination levels during the workday than between overnight stasis and typical workday samples. The presence of hemolytic staphylococci and streptococci in water samples from lines that were supplied only from sterile water reservoirs adds to the growing evidence that part of the microbial flora in DUWLs may be derived from patients' mouths. Additional prophylactic measures to limit bacterial contamination in DUW should be implemented according to standard principles used in other medical fluid delivery devices.
Gen Dent
PMID:Microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines: short- and long-term effects of flushing. 2308 81