Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objective of this phase-I study was to establish the maximum tolerable dose of recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) after salvage chemotherapy in patients with malignant lymphoma. Twenty-one patients with relapsed Hodgkin's disease or intermediate/high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma received rhIL-3 after the second cycle of DHAP chemotherapy (cisplatin, cytosine-arabinoside, dexamethasone). Cycles 1 and 3 were given without rhIL-3. The rhIL-3 was administered as a continuous intravenous infusion for 10 days starting 48 h after chemotherapy in cycle 2. Five different dose levels of rhIL-3 (0.25, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 micrograms/kg/day) were sequentially tested. At the three lowest dose levels one double-blinded placebo was included for every four patients per dose level. Low-grade fever occurred in 15/21 patients, unrelated to the dose of rhIL-3. Nausea and vomiting (grade 1-2) occurred in seven patients. Headache was dose related, with 3/4 patients at a dose of 10 micrograms/kg/day experiencing troublesome grade-2 headache precluding further dose escalation. Facial flushing developed in 3/8 patients at the highest dose levels of rhIL-3. There was a significant increase in eosinophil count during rhIL-3 (p = 0.03 cycle 2 vs cycle 1 and p = 0.002 cycle 2 vs cycle 3) without accompanying clinical signs of symptoms. No increase in basophil count was observed. There were no increased plasma levels of interleukin-6 or macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) during rhIL-3. We conclude that rhIL-3 can be safely administered as a continuous intravenous infusion for 10 days after DHAP chemotherapy. Dose-limiting side effects, especially headache, occur at a dose of 10 micrograms/kg/day.
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PMID:The tolerability of continuous intravenous infusion of interleukin-3 after DHAP chemotherapy in patients with relapsed malignant lymphoma. A phase-I study. 821 38

We have studied, as part of a group of international multicenter phase II clinical trials, the toxicity and effectiveness of CAMPATH1H administered intravenously three times a week in an outpatient setting to patients with recurrent or progressive low grade lymphoma. We report here on the toxicity and therapeutic results of the first seven patients treated before the study was closed prematurely because of unacceptable toxicity. Classical complete or partial responses of treatment were seen in three of seven patients. One complete response lasted 8.5 months and the other complete response is ongoing at 1 year. Responses occurred in nodal sites as well as in skin and peripheral blood. The first three or four antibody infusions in each patient was associated with grade 1 or 2 side-effects including rigor, fever, facial flushing, nausea, vomiting, hives, wheezes, hypotension, and/or diarrhea but these subsequently decreased or disappeared. The most significant toxicity was profound lymphopenia and associated infection, usually viral. Six of seven patients had culture or serologically documented infections and four patients had two or more such episodes. All infections responded to temporary discontinuation of antibody therapy and appropriate antiviral or antibiotic agents. We conclude that CAMPATH1H monoclonal antibody has therapeutic activity against low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma but that this activity is limited by marked lymphopenia and an unacceptably high frequency of serious infection at the dose and schedule used in this trial.
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PMID:Immunosuppressive toxicity of CAMPATH1H monoclonal antibody in the treatment of patients with recurrent low grade lymphoma. 904 65

Recombinant human Interleukin-3 (RhIL-3) is a haemopoietic growth factor with effect both on early and differentiated cells, such as eosinophils and basophils, and it also acts as a histamine-releasing agent. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether in vivo rhIL-3 administration after chemotherapy affected basophil histamine levels and whether a concordance between rhIL-3 induced histamine release and side effects during the treatment could be demonstrated. Thirty patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma entered the study. All patients received 6 courses of chemotherapy, rhIL-3 was administered subcutaneously once daily after the second and the fourth course of chemotherapy from cycle day 2-15 at the dose levels 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 micrograms/kg with 6 patients at each dose level. In cycle 6 recombinant human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (rhGM-CSF) (3.0 micrograms/kg) was administered sequential/concurrent day 9-15 to rhIL-3 (day 2-15) at all dose levels except 7.5 micrograms/kg, where rhIL-3 was given day 2-8 and rhGM-CSF sequential day 9-15. Cycles 1, 3 and 5 served as control cycles with no cytokine therapy. During rhIL-3 treatment, and after CHOP chemotherapy, the basophil counts increased moderately especially during the recovery period day 15-22, and mainly at the two highest dose levels 7.5 and 10 micrograms/kg, but never exceeded the normal upper limit. Histamine levels in basophils were the same in patients before chemotherapy and healthy volunteers, and except from a trend to increased histamine level at 10 micrograms/kg on day 15, no difference was noted between rhIL-3 cycles and control cycles. Within 3-4 hr after rhIL-3 administration, a drop in histamine level in basophils was noted, which could be due to histamine-releasing properties of rhIL-3 as previously demonstrated by in vitro studies. No serious side effects were noted during the cytokine treatment, and despite that most patients had mild flushing of the face, neck and upper chest, no patients experienced sensitization throughout the study. Although a significant increase in rhIL-3-induced histamine release from basophils was noted in some of the patients, no correlation to the dose of rhL-3 was found, and no correlation was noted between side effects and histamine release or histamine levels in basophils.
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PMID:The in vivo effects of interleukin-3 on histamine levels in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. 922 66

Rituximab is a human/murine chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody used to treat CD20-positive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Although most of the adverse effects associated with rituximab are usually reversible and temporary infusion-related reactions, including fever, chills, flushing and skin reactions, there are several reports of pulmonary events after long-term administration of rituximab. We present a case of asymptomatic nodular organizing pneumonia occurring during rituximab-based chemotherapy in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:A case of organizing pneumonia associated with rituximab. 1974 17