Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Benzotriazole (BTA), a chemical with wide industrial applications, is a typical additive in deicer/anti-icer used at airport. To achieve a better understanding of the transport behaviour and environmental fate of BTA, laboratory column studies have been performed on subsoil samples from Oslo Airport, Gardermoen. To explore possibilities for aquifer remediation, BTA behaviour was also studied in a column of granular zerovalent iron (Fe(0)). The subsoil column study demonstrates a very limited retardation of BTA. Consecutive loadings of BTA of the subsoil column showed no change of the break-through curve (BTC) and complete desorption was observed. The sorption behaviour of BTA to metallic iron (Fe(0)) was rather complex. Considerable retardation was observed in the Fe(0) column and repeated BTA loading resulted in an earlier break-through. Between 20% and 50% of the input concentration was retained permanently in the iron (Fe(0)) column. The BTA sorption to metallic iron was found to be enhanced by chloride which lowered the break-through concentration (i.e the C/C(0) plateau). The fraction of BTA remaining in the iron column was found to vary with the flow rate, indicating a time dependant multilayer sorption mechanism. The steady increase in the amount of adsorbed BTA to the iron column during loading corresponds to a rather strong bonding of 4-15 BTA layers to the iron surface. A very slow desorption of BTA was observed; even after flushing with 753 pore volumes of BTA free water, 7.5% of the BTA remained in the column. A geochemical model was developed based on PHREEQC-2 to simulate the sorption and transport of BTA in the tested materials. The BTA sorption was modelled with Freundlich sorption isotherms, as earlier determined in batch experiments. A slight adjustment of the Freundlich parameters was required to fit the observed column break-through. However, our model was not able to simulate the long-term retainment of BTA in the granular iron columns. The simulations confirm the high mobility of BTA in groundwater aquifers and suggest that zerovalent iron could be used to retain a BTA plume, although oxidation of the sorbent might reduce the long-term performance of such a remediation scheme and slow desorption has been observed.
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PMID:Column studies on transport of deicing additive benzotriazole in a sandy aquifer and a zerovalent iron barrier. 1758 39

Interferon tau (IFNT), produced for a short interval during early pregnancy by the ruminant embryonic trophectoderm, is essential for the maintenance of early pregnancy, but the mechanism by which it is transcriptionally regulated has not been fully determined. To identify a transcription factor(s) involved in the down-regulation of IFNT genes, mRNAs for various known transcription factors were investigated by reverse-transcriptase and real-time PCR in conceptus tissues collected on Days 15, 17, and 21, or Days 17, 20, and 22 of ovine or bovine pregnancy, respectively. In particular, the T-box protein eomesodermin (EOMES) exhibited high mRNA expression in Day 17 or 22 ovine or bovine conceptuses. Interaction between EOMES and the identified transcription factors was studied using transient transfection, revealing that ovine/bovine IFNT-reporter transactivation was down-regulated by EOMES. Transcription factor interactions with EOMES were further studied through immunoprecipitation, demonstrating an association between EOMES and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)-binding protein (CREBBP). Uterine flushing media collected from cyclic or early pregnancy animals were added to bovine trophoblast CT-1 cells cultured on type-I collagen (monoculture) or bovine uterine epithelial cells (coculture) in an attempt to regulate EOMES expression. In the coculture, but not the monoculture, addition of uterine flushing from Day 17 pregnant animals resulted in increased EOMES expression in CT-1 cells. These results suggest that as conceptuses attach to the uterine epithelium, IFNT gene transcription is down-regulated by an increase in EOMES expression and EOMES-CREBBP binding in the attached trophoblast cells.
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PMID:Down-regulation of interferon tau gene transcription with a transcription factor, EOMES. 2360 46