Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

14 normal volunteers, 23 patients with euthyroid goiter, 9 patients with hypothyroidism and 17 patients with hyperthyroidism were injected with 400 micrograms thyroliberin (thyrotropin releasing hormone, TRH). The documented side effects were the same in all the 4 groups studied. Subjective symptoms such as flushing, nausea, urinary urgency, dizziness and headache in decreasing sequence were mentioned by 86% of subjects. Shortly after thyroliberin injection, a mean increase of 26 +/- 13 mm Hg for systolic and 14 +/- 6 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure as well as an increased heart rate by 7.2 +/- 6.6 min-1 was demonstrated. Plasma catecholamines were lowered in patients with euthyroid goiter and hyperthyroidism and raised in patients with hypothyroidism, compared with the controls. Thyroliberin administration was associated with an activation of the sympathoadrenal system. The increments in plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were proportional to initial values, but were insufficient to affect blood pressure. The mean increase of 28% for plasma epinephrine and 21% for norepinephrine were maximal in the second to the forth minute, where subjective symptoms, blood pressure and heart rate were already decreasing. In view of the rapid onset of the subjective symptoms as well as the chronotropic and the pressor response, thyroliberin may partly exert these effects centrally or directly on the vascular system, independently of catecholamines. Since individual systolic blood pressure increased by as much as 64 mm Hg, caution is advised in selecting patients with risk factors for testing.
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PMID:[Adverse reactions and changes in norepinephrine and epinephrine in the plasma after intravenous thyroliberin in persons with normal and abnormal thyroid function]. 311 48

A woman had episodic attacks of flushing associated with severe skin, bone, and abdominal pain, accompanied by mood alterations and anxiety, and followed by an organic psychosis. These symptoms and signs could be induced by small doses of clonidine, L-5-hydroxytryptophan, pentagastrin, insulin, epinephrine, compound 48/80, methacholine, morphine, histamine, or d-tubocurarine. Skin testing showed abnormally sensitive mast cells and an exaggerated axon flare. Cimetidine initially prevented the attacks but became less effective after 18 months. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone stopped the skin pain whereas neurotensin reproduced the burning sensation in the skin without inducing the attack. Both the flush and the organic psychosis were reversed entirely by naloxone or naltrexone, and the hallucinosis could be reversed by vasodilators.
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PMID:A case of episodic flushing and organic psychosis: reversal by opiate antagonists. 618 3