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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Street catch basins in western Cook County, IL, were examined regularly June through August of 1987 to determine their seasonal larval production, adult mosquito harborage and the influence of abiotic factors on the associated mosquito population. Only larvae of Culex pipiens (63% of total) and Cx. restuans (37% of total) were recovered. These 2 species and Cx. erraticus were the most frequently collected adults. The abundance of mosquito larvae within catch basins was not correlated with water pH and only showed a weak, positive correlation with water temperature. Only a partial flushing of larvae (22-34% reduction) from catch basins by normal rainfall (less than 25 mm) was generally recorded. Treatments with larvicide oil (mineral seal oil/kerosene 175/tergitol) at a rate of 60-90 ml/catch basin resulted in a mean larval reduction of 97%. Adult females showed a mean reduction of 87%.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc 1989 Dec
PMID:Seasonal abundance and control of Culex spp. in catch basins in Illinois. 261 4

A vaginal spermicide of high molecular copolymer, ethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HFMC), was introduced through a small tube into the mouse's vagina and made to adhere to it's wall, causing a pH alteration in the vaginal environment. Matching experiments showed that the sperms were killed or/and lost their mobility and vitality owing to the infertile acidic environment. The fertility could be restored when the HFMC dissolved gradually. But the delivering time was delayed for about 112-118 days versus the control (P less than 0.001). The fertility could also be restored artificially by flushing out the copolymer with solvent DMSO. In this case the delivering time was consistent with the control (P greater than 0.05).
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1989 Dec
PMID:[Study of a high molecular copolymer HFMC in vaginal irrigation for contraception in mice]. 263 Apr 17

There were three cases of pulmonary barotrauma during anesthesia. The causes of barotrauma were: 1) Undue length of the tube pressed by machine's wheel which connect the ventilator to the anesthesia machine. 2) Inadvertent connection of the breathing tube to the inspiratory side of the machine when using the Bain system. 3) Inadvertent placement of expiratory valve. All resulted in obstruction to air outflow. The condition further aggravated by repeated flushing of the oxygen flush valve, leading to rapid increase in intraluminal pressure and rupture of alveolar. The condition can be rapidly recognized by palpation of the neck, auscultation of breathing sound, and finally, with a portable chest X-ray. When any problem exists in the breathing system of anesthesia machines, disconnecting the patient from the machine is mandatory. The patient can be ventilated with an Ambu bag while checking the system thus lessening the incidence of barotrauma.
Ma Zui Xue Za Zhi 1989 Dec
PMID:[Pulmonary barotrauma during anesthesia]. 263 22

Bacterially synthesized recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) is an agent with therapeutic potential for neutropenic states, but even at doses below the maximal tolerated dose adverse effects occur during short courses of administration. We have recognized a syndrome of hypoxia and hypotension that follows the first but not subsequent doses of rhGM-CSF. Thirteen of 42 patients receiving rhGM-CSF in phase I studies and 4 of 6 patients in a phase II study developed a reaction that occurred after the first dose of 24 of 78 cycles of rhGM-CSF therapy. The reaction was characterized by flushing (16 of 24), tachycardia (16 of 24), hypotension (14 of 24), musculoskeletal pain (13 of 24), dyspnea (12 of 24), nausea and vomiting (11 of 24), rigors (5 of 24), involuntary leg spasms (3 of 24), and syncope (3 of 24). The reaction did not occur after any of more than 600 second and subsequent consecutive rhGM-CSF doses. Oxygen saturation decreased during first-dose reactions by 8% +/- 4% as compared with 3% +/- 1% on first days without reactions (P less than .001) and 2% +/- 1% on subsequent days (P less than .001). Pulmonary dysfunction was characterized by hypoxemia (59 +/- 9 mm Hg, mean +/- SD) that was fully correctable with supplementary oxygen, decreased single-breath carbon monoxide diffusion capacity, and increased alveolar-arterial oxygen gradients (25 +/- 6 to 60 +/- 4 mm Hg, mean +/- SD), but no significant abnormalities on chest roentgenogram or lung perfusion scan. Factors predisposing to reactions were rhGM-CSF dose greater than or equal to 3 micrograms/kg (P less than .01), intravenous (IV) rather than subcutaneous (SC) administration (P less than .05), occurrence of a reaction after the first dose of a previous cycle of rhGM-CSF therapy (P less than .01), and for patients receiving 15 micrograms/kg/d by SC bolus, the presence of lung cancer (P less than .05). Administration of 15 micrograms/kg/d rhGM-CSF by 24-hour SC infusion rather than SC bolus resulted in a delayed onset of reaction from 30 +/- 8 minutes to 240 +/- 190 minutes (mean +/- SD, P less than .001), and a slower rate of initial transient decrease in neutrophil levels and a more prolonged duration of transient leukopenia. The time of onset of reactions correlated with the rate of rise of rhGM-CSF levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Blood 1989 Dec
PMID:Characterization of the clinical effects after the first dose of bacterially synthesized recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. 268 97

Skin signs and symptoms were examined in 46 menopausal women prior to estrogen replacement therapy. Several symptoms such as pruritus, bruising, dryness and thinning were seen more frequently in sun-exposed skin emphasizing the contribution of photoaging. At the end of a 6-mth treatment period, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence or severity of the cutaneous signs and symptoms when patients receiving transdermal 17 beta-estradiol (Estraderm) were compared with controls (the only exception was cutaneous flushing). Elastic fibers from sun-protected (buttock) skin of menopausal women were studied by light and electron microscopy. In 3 women (ages 30-37) with a history of premature menopause, the elastic fibers had several degenerative changes including coalescence of cystic spaces into lacunae, peripheral fragmentation, granular degeneration and splitting of the fibers into strands. Similar age-related ultrastructural changes are normally found in individuals that are at least 20 yrs older than these patients. These findings are suggestive of a relationship between premature aging of the dermal elastic fibers and estrogen deprivation.
Maturitas 1989 Dec
PMID:Skin changes in menopause. 269 17

Drinking water microbiology has emerged from decades of relative complacency to recognize there can be major concerns with potable water quality. Many of these issues are a result of an explosion of information on new waterborne agents, treatment problems with raw-source water qualities, biofilm development in some distribution systems and specialized requirements in water quality unique to hospitals and industries. Protozoan cyst survival after some disinfection practices involving surface water impoundments and virus occurrence in poorly protected groundwaters have provided reasons for expanding minimum treatment of surface waters and for requiring disinfection of all groundwaters unless there is a demonstrative data base to support exceptions in treatment requirements. Official monitoring of small water supplies must be increased on a monthly basis and a rapid alert established to inform water plant operators of unsatisfactory water qualities. As an option, application of operational tests to analyse water quality in terms of chlorine residual, turbidity, total coliforms and heterotrophic bacterial counts in small water plant operations should be encouraged. This would provide the operator at remote locations with the opportunity to utilize the information to make necessary treatment adjustments or corrections in water distribution deficiencies promptly and be a supplement to the official regional monitoring program. Application of drinking water alternative sources (bottled water and water from point-of-use treatment devices) should be viewed by the health authorities as only a temporary solution, not as a permanent fix for a public water supply known to present some established health risk to consumers. The public must also recognize that bottled water is not frequently monitored by health laboratories for acceptable quality and the use of home treatment devices places the responsibility of proper maintenance on the user. Microbial quality improvements in drinking water to hospitals and food industries can frequently be achieved through a routine, systematic flushing program for building plumbing networks and associated attachment devices. In other situations, use of booster disinfection or point-of-use devices may provide the important special water quality requirements for certain industrial applications. In any event, these supplemental treatment measures will require careful in-plant monitoring and maintenance to prevent reversals in water quality enhancement.
Int J Food Microbiol 1989 Dec
PMID:Drinking water microbiology--new directions toward water quality enhancement. 270 59

SMS 201-995 (Sandostatin) was studied using low doses (50 to 100 micrograms) administered subcutaneously every 12 hours. A single 50-micrograms dose of SMS 201-995 effectively controlled gastric acid and blood gastrin levels for 12 hours in three patients with benign gastrinomas and was useful in their perioperative management. Higher doses of the agent (500 to 800 micrograms per day) had no effect on metastases in one of two patients with metastatic gastrinoma. In the other patient, one tumor shrank but the other continued to grow after three months of treatment while serum gastrin levels did not change. Cultured metastatic tumor tissue from this patient released different forms of gastrin; growth rates varied, independent of uptake of SMS 201-995, and gastrin release increased. A neonate with nesidioblastosis maintained normal blood glucose levels while receiving SMS 201-995 therapy following a 95 percent pancreatic resection. In two elderly patients with organic hypoglycemia--one with a single benign adenoma and one with multiple adenomatosis--the somatostatin analogue did not prolong the hypoglycemia-free interval. In nine patients with carcinoid syndrome, flushing was uniformly controlled with 50 micrograms of SMS 201-995 administered every eight to 12 hours. One of the nine required exocrine pancreatic replacement. After six months of treatment, three of the nine had no change in tumor size and one had remission of symptoms and stopped treatment. In two patients with vipoma, SMS 201-995 controlled diarrhea and reduced levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide; tumor necrosis occurred in one patient. In a patient with diabetic diarrhea unresponsive to all treatments, SMS 201-995 therapy controlled the diarrhea but did not interfere with control of the diabetes.
Am J Med 1986 Dec 22
PMID:Somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) in the management of gastroenteropancreatic tumors and diarrhea syndromes. 287 47

Taxol inhibits cell division by promoting the assembly and stabilization of microtubules. This report describes the results of a phase I trial of taxol administered as a short iv infusion daily for 5 days every 4 weeks. Sixteen patients with refractory malignancy received 21 courses of taxol at five doses between 5 and 40 mg/m2/day X 5. The first nine patients received taxol as a 60-minute infusion. Two patients experienced anaphylactoid reactions, one at the 5-mg/m2/day and the second at the 15-mg/m2/day X 5 dose levels. These reactions were characterized by facial flushing, tachypnea, and hypotension within several minutes of drug administration. These anaphylactoid reactions occurred on the first day of treatment in the first patient and on the first day of the second course in the second patient. These reactions may be related to the rapid administration of the polyoxyethylated castor oil (Cremophor EL) vehicle in which taxol is formulated. No anaphylactoid reactions were observed in the seven patients who received taxol as a 6-hour infusion with antihistamine and prednisone premedication. Dose-related myelosuppression was seen; leukopenia (wbc count less than 1000/mm3) and granulocytopenia (granulocytes less than or equal to 200/mm3) occurred on Days 8 and 9 in two of two patients treated at the 40 mg/m2/day X 5 level. Thrombocytopenia was mild, with a platelet nadir of 87,000-95,000/mm3 at the highest dose level. Premedication with glucocorticoids and antihistamines coupled with a prolonged 6-hour infusion permitted taxol to be administered at 30 mg/m2/day X 5 safely without immediate life-threatening reactions.
Cancer Treat Rep 1987 Dec
PMID:Phase I study of taxol administered as a short i.v. infusion daily for 5 days. 289 42

A survey of 60 women who had undergone simple hysterectomy with preservation of ovaries revealed a high prevalence of menopausal flushes. Only 5 (8%) had menopausal concentrations of gonadotropins and estradiol. This is similar to the prevalence of natural menopause in population of comparable age. Of the remaining 55 women, 28 (47% of the total) had normal gonadotrophins and estradiol concentrations although they complained of hot flushes; these levels were not significantly different from those in 27 women who did not flush. The "flushers" did, however, have significantly diminished bone mineral index and higher serum uric acid concentrations than the "non-flushers". Flushes disappeared in those women who took estrogen replacement therapy. These data show that although full-blown menopause does not increase in frequency following simple hysterectomy, a subtle diminution in estrogenisation is frequent. This hypo-estrogenisation is sufficient to cause: (a) hot flushes; (b) demineralisation of the skeleton and (c) an elevation in serum uric acid concentrations. There may be a case for estrogen therapy in all women who develop hot flushes following simple hysterectomy.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1987 Dec
PMID:Endocrine and metabolic effects of simple hysterectomy. 289 4

An highly sensitive and fully automated high-performance liquid chromatographic assay was developed for the determination of a novel non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic (I) [(R)-2-(methoxymethyl)-1-[(7-oxo-8-phenyl-7H-thieno[2,3-a]quinolizin+ ++- 10-yl)carbonyl]pyrrolidine] and its O-demethyl metabolite (II) in plasma, using column-switching for direct injection of plasma samples. After dilution in internal standard solution, the sample was injected onto a pre-column (17 mm x 4.6 mm) dry-packed with pellicular C18 reversed-phase material. Polar plasma components were removed by flushing the pre-column with water-acetonitrile (90:10, v/v). Retained substances, including I and II, were backflushed onto an analytical column, separated by gradient elution and detected by means of fluorescence detection (excitation, 304 nm; emission, 475 nm). After washing the analytical column and re-equilibrating the pre-column, the system was ready for the next injection. The limit of quantification for I and II was 0.25 and 0.5 ng/ml, respectively, using a 350-microliter specimen of plasma. The practicability of the new method was demonstrated by analysis of more than 300 plasma samples from a tolerance study performed with human volunteers. Owing to its high sensitivity, the method can be used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters of compounds I and II in man after a single oral dose of about 1 mg of I.
J Chromatogr 1988 Dec 02
PMID:Determination of a new non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic and its O-demethyl metabolite in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography using automated column-switching. 290 18


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